• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 2004

In order to micropropagate uniform plantlets of Philodendron wend-imbe, the shoot tips were cultured on media supplemented with 0.5-10.0mg/L BA or 0.01-1.0 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ). The multi-bud clusters from basal part of shoots formed vigorously on media containing 5.0-10.0 mg/L BA or 0.05-0.1 mg/L TDZ. Shoot formation from the bud cluster sections (5-7mm) was achieved favorably on medium with 5.0mg/L BA and 20 g/L sucrose. Lowering of sucrose in medium to 20 g/L was effective for the inhibition of callus growth from basal part of shoots. Growth of shoots and their rooting were favorable on media containing 1.0-2.0 mg/L IBA or 0.1mg/L NAA. The rooted plantlets were acclimatizated effectively in soil mixed with perlite 1: peat moss 1 or peat moss alone.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.345-350
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• 2010

Various extracts from 30 medicinal plants were evaluated for their antiviral activity against influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) and cytotoxicity in MDCK cell culture. The plant material (30 g) was extracted with methanol (300 mL) at room temperature for 24 h, after which the methanolic extracts were filtered, evaporated, and subsequently lyophilized. Evaluation of the potential antiviral activity was conducted by a viral replication inhibition test. Among these medicinal plants, Tussilago farfara, Brassica juncea, Prunus armeniaca, Astragalus membranaceus, Patrinia villosa, and Citrus unshiu showed marked antiviral activity against influenza virus A/H1N1 at concentrations ranging from 0.15625 mg/mL to 1.25 mg/mL, 0.3125 mg/mL to 10 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL to 10 mg/mL, 0.625 mg/mL to 10 mg/mL, 0.625 mg/mL to 10 mg/mL, and 0.3125 mg/mL to 5 mg/mL, respectively. The extracts of Tussilago farfara showed cytotoxicity at concentrations greater than 2.5 mg/mL, whereas the other five main extracts showed no cytotoxicity at concentrations of 10 mg/mL. Taken together, the present results indicated that methanolic extracts of the six main plants might be useful for the treatment of influenza virus H1N1.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.561-567
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• 1993

The twelve macrocycle (L) complexes of cadmium(II) nitrate have been synthesized: $CdL(NO_3)_2$. All the complexes have been indentified by elemental analysis, electric conductivity measurements, IR and NMR spectroscopic techniques. The molar electric conductivities of the complexes in water and acetonitrile solvent were in the range of 236.8-296.1 $cm^2{\cdot}mol^{-1}{\cdot}ohm^{-1}$ at 25$^{\circ}$C. The characteristic peaks of macrocycles affected from Cd(II) were shifted to lower frequencies as compared with uncomplexed macrocycles. A complex with 1,4,8,11-tetrakis(methylacetato)-1,4,8,11-tetraaza cyclodecane (L4) exhibited two characteristic bands such as strong stretching (1646 $cm^{-1})$, and weaker symmetric stretching band (1384 $cm^{-1})$. NMR studies indicated that all nitrogen donor atoms of macrocycles have greater affinity to cadmium(II) metal ion than do the oxygen atoms. The $^{13}$C-resonance lines of methylene groups neighboring the donor atom such as N and S were shifted to a direction of high magnetic field and the order of chemical shifts were $L_1 < L_2 < L_3 < L_6 < L_4$. Also the chemical shifts values were larger than those of methylene groups bridgeheaded in side-armed groups. This result seems due to not only the strong interaction of Cd(Ⅱ) with nitrogen donors according to the HSAB theory, but weak interaction of Cd(Ⅱ) and COO- ions or sulfur which is enhanced by the flexible methylene spacing group in side-armed groups. Thus, each additional gem-methyl pairs of L_3, L_4\;and\; L_6$ macrocycles relative to $L_1, L_2,\;and\;L_5$ leads to an large enhancement in Cd(II) affinity. ^{13}C$-NMR spectrum of the complex with $L_{12}$ (1,5,9,13-tetracyclothiacyclohexadecane-3,11-diol) reveals the presence of two sets of three resonance lines, and intensities of the each resonance line have the ratio of 1 : 2 : 2. This molecular conformation is predicted as structure of tetragonal complex to be formed by coordinating two sulfur atoms and the other two sulfur atoms which is affected by OH-groups.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.990-998
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• 2011

In this paper, we have designed a multi-band single layer microstrip patch antenna with slots for GPS L2/L1, GLONASS receivers. The antenna has dual feed structure and consists of single layer microstrip patch with slots and impedance matching circuit. The antenna specifications are a VSWR(Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) of less than 2.0, RHCP(Right-Hand Circular Polarization) characteristics over the operating frequency bands of GPS L2(1,227.6 MHz)/L1(1,575.42 MHz) and GLONASS(1,602 MHz), the maximum active antenna gain of more than 30 dB and the axial ratio of less than 3 dB. The antenna has been successfully evaluated by various tests.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2011

The physical and chemical characteristics of loess-paleosol sequence in Jeongjang-ri, Geochang basin are examined using the magnetic susceptibility measurement, grain size analysis, OSL age dating, major, rare earth and trace elements analysis. The grain size characteristics of the loess-palesol sequence are obviously different from those of river sediment forming river terrace deposits and the Chinese Loess Plateau. The loess-paleosol sequence consisting of L1, L1LL1, L1S1, L1L2, S1 and L2 from top to bottom is estimated to MIS 2~MIS 6 and the river terrace to MIS 7. The compositions of major, rare earth and trace elements indicate that the sequence show more weathered characteristics than the Chinese Loess Plateau and originated from the Chinese Loess Plateau. These features are in harmony with the previous studies in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2016

This study is focused on the evaluation of growth parameters, total polyphenol content (TPC), chlorophyll content as well as the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity of young barley seedling (YBS) affected by elicitation. Salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MJ), amino acid liquid fertilizer (ALF) and microbial metabolism activator (MMA) were used. Elicitation was conducted for two times and various concentrations were used in this study. The result revealed that, MJ 1 ml/L treated-YBS gave the longest seedling length of 1.33 cm, followed by the ones treated with SA 1.38 mg/L and ALF 2 ml/L, respectively. ALF 3 ml/L treatment gave the highest fresh weight of 10 seedlings, followed by MJ 5 ml/L and SA 13.8 mg/L treatment with 1.56 g, 1.55 g and 1.53 g respectively. SA 138.12 mg/L elicitor treated-YBS gave the highest Chl a, Chl b content of $8.57{\mu}g/mg$ and $3.83{\mu}g/mg$, respectively while the highest carotenoid content was found in MJ ml/L treatment with $1.62{\mu}g/mg$. Among elicitor treated-YBS, SA showed better TPC. The highest TPC was found in SA 1.38 mg/L treatment with 18.82 mg/g TAE. Likewise, SA 1.38 mg/L showed the highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity among all the treatments. However, the lowest TPC was found in ALF 1ml/L treated-YBS with 9.46 mg/g TAE, which was even lower than the control (14.31 mg/g TAE).

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.765-774
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• 1992

The effect of the interactive flow on convective heat transfer from two vertical isothermal parallel plates have been studied numerically by the finite difference method. The Reynolds number, Grashof number, the relative length, L$_{2}$/L$_{1}$, and the dimensionless plate spacing, b/L$_{1}$ are varied as parameters. In case of outside mean Nusselt number, left outside mean Nusselt numbers show same values as L$_{2}$/L$_{1}$ and b/L$_{1}$ increase, but right outside mean Nusselt numbers decrease as L$_{2}$/L$_{1}$ increases. The inside mean Nusselt numbers are constant at narrow spacings and increase at wide spacings as Grashof numbers increase. The optimun plate spacing on left inside mean Nusselt numbers is b/L$_{1}$=0.4 at Re=100 and b/L$_{1}$=0.3 at Re=200. For the right inside mean Nusselt number, the optimum plate spacings move to the narrow spacing as Reynolds numbers increase and L$_{2}$/L$_{1}$ decrease.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 1993

The use of Jerusalem artichoke containing $\beta$-1, 2-fructose oligomer for the production of D-sorbitol and L-sorbose has been studied. The employment of inulinase(0.398%, v/v) for the hydrolysis of 40% (v/w) Jerusalem artichoke juice resulted in 36.7g/1 of glucose and 85.3g/1 of fructose at $50^{\circ}C$. These sugars were utilized as substrates for D-sorbitol and L-sorbose production. Coimmobilization of inulinase and permeabilized cells of Zymomonas mobilis in the mixture of chitin (5%, w/e) and x-carrageenan(4%, w/v) resulted in the production of 30.2g/1 of D-sorbitol by using inulin as a substrate. The process of L-sorbose production from D-sorbitol by Gluconobacter suboxydans was optimized with respect to the substrate concentration, level of dissolved oxygen and glucosic and concentration. Gluconlc acid produced by Zymomonas mobilis from glucose was found to inhibit Gluconobacter suboxtans in conversion of D-sorbitol to L-sorbose. In view of removing such inhibitory effect by gluconic acid, mutants were selected by the NTG (N-methyl-N'-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidlne) treated method. Mutants selected by NTG mutagenesis showed no inhibitory effects of gluconic acrid against L-sorbone production when its concentration increased up to 100g/1. A mutant produced 40.1g/l of L-sorbose in the medium containing 100g/l D-sorbitol and 100g/l-gluconic acid. This result is consider able when compared with L-sorbose concentration (21.7g/1) obtained from the fermentation with wild type strain of Gluconobacter suboxnians.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.313-316
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• 1993

The structures of dioscin(1) and saponin P-d(2), isolated from the subterranean part of Allium fistulosum, were determined as diosgenin 3-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1longrightarrow2)-[$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1longrightarrow4)]-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (1, ) and diosgenin 3-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1longrightarrow4)-$\alpha$-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1longrightarrow4)［$\alpha$-L-rhamno-pyranosyl (1longrightarrow2)]-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (2) by spectroscopic and chemical degradational methods. The prosa-pogenin(4), which was provided on partial hydrolysis of 2, was not reported in previous literature.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.3600-3604
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• 2010

Rhodium(III)-$Cp^*$ complexes containing labile ligands, $[Cp^*RhCl_2]_2$, [$Cp^*Rh({\eta}^2-NO_3)$(OTf)], and $[Cp^*Rh(OH_2)_3](OTf)_2$, reacted with potential linking ligands [$L^1$ = (2-thiophene)-CH=N-N=CH-(2-thiophene); $L^2$ = (2-furan)-CH=N-N=CH-(2-furan)] to give two molecular compounds, [$Cp^*Rh(L^1)Cl_2$] (1) and [$Cp^*Rh({\eta}^2-NO_3)(L^1)$]$(OTf){\cdot}CH_2Cl_2$ ($2{\cdot}CH_2Cl_2$), and one 1-dimensioanl coordination polymer, $\{[Rh(L^2)]{\cdot}(OTf)}_{\infty}$ (3). Whereas one imine nitrogen atom within the ligand is coordinated to the Rh metal in compounds 1 and 2, both nitrogen atoms are bound to two neighboring Rh metals in compound 3 to lead to a 1-D chain polymer.