• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2005

The ground and excited state dipole moments of Coumarin 450 (C 450) laser dye were measured at room temperature in several solvents of varying dipole moments. The ground state dipole moment (${\mu}_g$) is estimated by using the modified Onsagar model and the excited state dipole moments (${\mu}_e$) were estimated by the method of solvatochromism as well as by utilizing the microscopic solvent polarity parameter ($E^N_T$). Further, the deviation of some of the points from the linearity of the $E^N_T$ versus Stokes shift indicates the existence of specific type of solute-solvent interaction. The excited state dipole moment of C 450 were found to be higher than those of the ground state and is interpreted in terms of the resonance structure of the molecule. A reasonable agreement has been observed between the values obtained by the method of solvatochromism and modified Onsagar model. It is observed that, corresponding to cyclohexane solution, the fluorescence maxima shift towards the red region with increasing the polarity of the solvents, hence the transition involved are of ${\pi}-{\pi}^*$ type.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.443-451
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• 2005

The studied in this paper is a new algorithm for searching the maximum likelihood estimate(MLE) in which probability density function is not explicitly expressed. Newton-Raphson's root-finding routine and a nonlinear numerical optimization algorithm with constraint (so-called feasible sequential quadratic programming) are used. This algorithm is applied to the Wakeby distribution which is importantly used in hydrology and water resource research for analysis of extreme rainfall. The performance comparison between maximum likelihood estimates and method of L-moment estimates (L-ME) is studied by Monte-carlo simulation. The recommended methods are L-ME for up to 300 observations and MLE for over the sample size, respectively. Methods for speeding up the algorithm and for computing variances of estimates are discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.563-577
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• 2006

This study involves a series of experiments on the buckling strength of eccentrically compressed cold-formed stainless steel square hollow-section columns. The principal parameters in this study are slenderness ratios ($L_k/r$ = 30, 50, 70) and magnitude of eccentricity e (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mm) on the symmetrical end-moment. The objectives of this paper are to obtain the buckling loads by conducting a series of experiments and to compare the behavior of the eccentrically compressed cold-formed stainless steel square hollow-section columns with the results of the analysis. The ultimate buckling strength of the square-section members were determined with the use of a numerical method in accordance with the bending moment-axial force (M-P) interaction curves. The behavior of each specimen was displayed in the form of a moment-radian (M-${\theta}$) relationship. The numerically obtained ultimate-buckling interaction curves of the beam columns coincided with the results of the experiments.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.251-263
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 L-moment ratio diagram 기법과 지형정보시스템(GIS)을 동시에 활용하여 우리나라의 지속기간별 연 최대강우량의 최적확률밀도함수를 판별하는 새로운 기법을 제안하고, 결과 도출과정에 있어 발견된 연최대강우량의 통계값의 흥미로운 지형학적 특성을 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 우리나라 기상청에서 운영하는 67개의 강우관측지점에서 관측된 강우자료의 연최대강우량을 1시간, 3시간, 6시간, 12시간, 24시간 누적시간에 대하여 산출하고, L-moment ratio diagram 기법을 활용하여 이들에 대한 최적확률밀도함수를 구한 후, 이를 관측지점에 해당하는 티센 다각형에 다른 색상으로 표현하여 그 공간적 분포를 살펴보았다. 또한, 각 후보 확률밀도함수의 적합도에 대한 지도를 작성하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다: (1) 강우의 극한값의 특성을 대표할 수 있는 통계값인 L-skewness와 L-kurtosis는 뚜렷한 공간적 경향을 띠고 있다. 특히 산맥을 포함한 우리나라의 지형적 특성에 큰 영향을 받았다. 이는 발생빈도가 높고 강도가 낮은 평상시의 강우사상뿐 만 아니라, 연최대강우량 또한 지형의 영향을 크게 받는다는 것을 의미한다; (2) 우리나라의 산악지역에서는 연최대강우량의 통계적 특성에 대한 고도의 영향이 비산악지역보다 더 크며, 고도가 높은 지역일수록 발생 빈도가 낮고 강도가 강한 강우사상이 더 자주 발생하며, 강우의 누적기간이 증가할수록 이러한 경향은 작아졌다; (3) 우리나라의 연최대강우량을 가장 잘 대변할 수 있는 확률밀도함수는 Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) 분포와 Generalized Logistic (GLO) 분포이다. 단, 남해안의 중앙지역에 대해서는 Generalized Pareto (GPA) 분포가 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.647-658
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• 2009

It is already known from the previous study that flood seems to have heavier tail. Therefore, to make prediction of future extreme label, some agreement of tail behavior of extreme data is highly required. The LH-moments estimation method, the generalized form of L-moments is an useful method of characterizing the upper part of the distribution. LH-moments are based on linear combination of higher order statistics. In this study, we have formulated LH-moments of five distributions useful in hydrology such as, two types of three parameter kappa distributions, beta-${\kappa}$ distribution, beta-p distribution and a generalized Gumbel distribution. Using LH-moments reduces the undue influences that small sample may have on the estimation of large return period events.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.77-91
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• 2011

This study experimentally evaluated the seismic performance of steel knee braced frame structures with energy dissipation mechanism. A series of cyclic load tests were conducted on the steel moment resisting frames and the proposed knee braced frames. Test results validated that the demand in the beam-to-column connection designs was alleviated by the proposed design method. Test results also showed that the strength and stiffness of the proposed design were effectively enhanced. Comparisons in energy dissipation between the steel moment resisting frames and the steel knee braced frames further justified the applicability of the proposed method.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2016

The turbocharger is an essential component to realize the engine down-sizing. The moment of inertia of turbocharger rotor is an important parameter with respect to acceleration performance of the vehicle. It can be calculated from the CAD software based the geometry data and the material properties. But the accurate value of the inertia of turbocharger rotor must be measured through the experimental method. In this study, the measurement of moment of inertia of turbocharger rotor for 2.0 L spark-ignition engine was carried out. First, an experimental equipment using a trifilar method was designed and fabricated. Some optical devices, that is, photo sensor, counter, convex lens, etc, were used to increase the accuracy of the measurement. Second, error sensitivity for the equipment was analyzed. The error of period time and the radius can give big affects to the accuracy of the moment of inertia. When the amount of error of these two were each 1.0 %, maximum error of the moment of inertia was under 3.0 %. Third, the calibration for the equipment was performed using a calibration rotor which has similar shape to turbine rotor but simple. Calculated value from CAD software and measured one for the calibration rotor were compared. The total error of the equipment and the measurement is about 1.3 %. This result shows that the equipment can give the good result with resonable accuracy. Finally the moment of inertia of the turbine rotor and compressor wheel were measured. The coefficient of variations, the ratio of standard deviation to mean value, were reasonably small at 0.57 % and 0.73 % respectively. Therefore this equipment is suitable for the measurement of the moment of inertia of the turbine rotor and compressor wheel.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2001년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.319-323
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• 2001

This study was conducted to derive the regional design rainfall by the regional frequency analysis based on the regionalization of the precipitation. Using the L-moment ratios and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the underlying regional probability distribution was identified to be the Generalized extreme value distribution among apt]lied distributions. regional and at-site parameters of the Generalized extreme value distribution were estimated by the method of L-moment. The regional and at-site analysis for the design rainfall were tested by Monte Carlo simulation. Relative root-mean-square error(RRMSE), relative bias(RBIAS) and relative reduction(RR) in RRMSE were computed and compared with those resulting from at-site Monte Carlo simulation. All show that the regional analysis procedure can substantially reduce the RRMSE, RBIAS and RR in RRMSE in the prediction of design rainfall. Consequently, optimal design rainfalls following the regions and consecutive durations were derived by the regional frequency analysis.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.239-239
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• 2015

This study presents a bivariate extension of the goodness-of-fit measure for regional frequency distributions developed by Hosking and Wallis [1993] for use with the method of L-moments. Utilising the approximate joint normal distribution of the regional L-skewness and L-kurtosis, a graphical representation of the confidence region on the L-moment diagram can be constructed as an ellipsoid. Candidate distributions can then be accepted where the corresponding the oretical relationship between the L-skewness and L-kurtosis intersects the confidence region, and the chosen distribution would be the one that minimises the Mahalanobis distance measure. Based on a set of Monte Carlo simulations it is demonstrated that the new bivariate measure generally selects the true population distribution more frequently than the original method. An R-code implementation of the method is available for download free-of-charge from the GitHub code depository and will be demonstrated on a case study of annual maximum series of peak flow data from a homogeneous region in Italy.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 2004년도 하계종합학술발표회논문초록집
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• pp.364-364
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• 2004