• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2015

We have previously characterized the complete fibroin light chain gene from one of the silkworm race Baegokjam (Bombyx mori) and found two variable regions (FibL1, intron 2 ~ 3; FibL2, intron 6) with the primer sets designed to cover these variable regions. In this study, we tested the utility of these variable regions as genetic markers for classifying silkworm races. For the purpose, Europian races (Q, PK), Chinese races (C26, C31), Japanese races (N15, N9), and tropical races (SA2, SA5) were used in this experiment. The polymorphism of the FibL1 and FibL2 were divided into two and three types, respectively. The combination of the FibL1 and FibL2 polymorphisms were constant within the same races. The result suggest that the primer sets designed from two variable regions of fibroin light chain gene may be useful as the genetic markers for silkworm races.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.795-801
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• 2017

Aralia elata Seemann (AE) has long been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases including diabetes mellitus, anti-arthritic, and anti-gastric ulcer agent in Korea, Japan, and China. This study was performed to establish a simple and reliable HPLC/UV analytical method for determination of most active anti-hypertensive compound, a 3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl($1{\rightarrow}$2)-${\alpha}$-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-${\beta}$-D-xylopyranosyl($1{\rightarrow}6$)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosylester (HE) for the standardization of the shoot extract of AE as a health functional food ingredient. The quantitative analytical method of HE was optimized by HPLC analysis using reverse-phase C18 column at $40^{\circ}C$ with $H_2O$ and acetonitrile (70:30, v/v) as an isocratic mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection wavelength of UV 205 nm. This HPLC/UV analytical method showed good specificity and high linearity in the tested range of 0.03125-2.0mg/ml with excellent coefficient of determination ($R^2$) of 0.9999. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were $12.0{\mu}g/mL$ and $36.5{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Relative standard deviation (RSD) values of data from intra- and inter-day precision were less than 0.2% and 0.1%, respectively. These results indicate that the established HPLC/UV analytical method is very simple, specific, precise, accurate, and reproducible and thus can be useful for the quantitative analysis of HE as a functional anti-hypertensive compound in AE extract.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.445-453
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• 2016

Eighty-four strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from Korean fermented foods for the production of fermented apple juice. Among these strains, the JBE245 strain that showed rapid growth and food functionality was selected and identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. This strain reached the stationary phase after 24 h fermentation at $30^{\circ}C$ with $1.5{\times}10^8$ colony forming unit (CFU)/mL of viable cells, and maintained its viability levels even after 14 days of storage. During fermentation, the ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity (40.4%), total polyphenol content (583.6 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mL), and 2,2-diphenyl-l-picryl-hydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (52%) were increased. As judged by a sensory test, the overall preference for the fermented juice (4.22) was comparable to that for the unfermented juice (4.72), indicating that fermentation does not significantly affect the sensory characteristics of apple juice. Consequently, the fermented beverage containing L. plantarum JBE245 and apple juice is a promising functional health food.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2011

Plantago asiatica L. (PA), which is widely distributed in Korea, Japan and China, has traditionally been used as a popular folk medicine for the treatment of liver diseases. A variety of activities of PA was reported, that is hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-glycation and anti-oxidant effect. Ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA) is a potent nephrotoxic agent and has been reported to induce renal proximal tubular necrosis. In the present study, pre-treatment with PA extract (PAE) in Wistar rat followed by Fe-NTA i.p. treatment (13.5 mg Fe/kg body weight) was performed to detect the renal protective effect of PAE. Only Fe-NTA treated group showed increases in the level of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr), and renal tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), product of lipid peroxidation. Moreover, the level of biomarkers indicate the antioxidants status, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) were decreased. However, PAE pre-treated group showed decreases in the levels of serum BUN, serum Cr and renal tissue MDA in concentration dependent manner and increases in the level of GSH, GST and GR. These results are significantly different (p < 0.05) to the other groups. Our data suggest that PAE may be used as an chemopreventive material against Fe-NTA-mediated renal oxidative stress.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.342-350
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• 1995

Background: Although there are improvements of clinical symtoms after bronchodilator inhalation in COPD patients, it has been noted that there was no increase of $FEV_1$ in some cases. $FEV_1$ did not reflect precisely the improvement of ventilatory mechanics after bronchodilator inhalation in these COPD patients. The main pathophysiology of COPD is obstruction of airway in expiratory phase but in result, the load of respiratory system is increased in inspiratory phase. Therefore the improvement of clinical symptoms after bronchodilator inhalation may be due to the decrease of inspiratory load. So we performed the study which investigated the effect of bronchodilator on inspiratory response of vetilatory mechanics in COPD patients. Methods: In 17 stable COPD patients, inspiratory and expiratory forced flow-volume curves were measured respectively before bronchodilator inhalation. 10mg of salbutamol solution was inhaled via jet nebulizer for 4 minutes. Forced expiratory and inspiratory flow-volume curves were measured again 15 minutes after bronchodilator inhalation. Results: $FEV_1$, FVC and $FEV_1$/FVC% were $0.92{\pm}0.34L$($38.3{\pm}14.9%$ predicted), $2.5{\pm}0.81L$($71.1{\pm}21.0%$ predicted) and $43.1{\pm}14.5%$ respectively before bronchodilator inhalation. The values of increase of $FEV_1$, FVC and PIF(Peak Inspiratory Flow) were $0.15{\pm}0.13L$(relative increase: 17.0%), $0.58{\pm}0.38\;L$(29.0%) and $1.0{\pm}0.56L$/sec(37.5%) respectively after bronchodilator inhalation. The increase of PIF was twice more than $FEV_1$ in average(p<0.001). The increase of PIF in these patients whose $FEV_1$ was not increased after bronchodilator inhalation were 35.0%, 44.0% and 55.5% respectively. Conclusion: The inspiratory parameter reflected improvement of ventilatory mechanics by inhaled bronchodilater better than expiratory parameters in COPD patients.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.539-544
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine whether N-terminal fragment of B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) may be used to differentiate acute Kawasaki disease(KD) from other clinically similar diseases. Methods : Using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, NT-proBNP concentrations were measured in the acute phase within 10 days after the onset of KD(n=58) and in the convalescent phase, 60 to 81 days after the onset(n=51), and also in patients with acute febrile disease as a control(n=34). Echocardiography was performed to detect pericardial effusion(PE) and coronary artery lesions(CAL), and to measure the left ventricular dimension at diastole(LVIDd) and ejection fraction(LVEF). The cutoff value of NT-proBNP for separating KD from other diseases was determined. Results : NT-proBNP concentration in the acute phases of KD was significantly higher than that in the control group($1,501.6{\pm}2,132.6$ vs. $139.0{\pm}88.8pg/mL$, P<0.0001). In KD patients, NT-proBNP was elevated in the acute phase and was lowered in the convalescent phase($1,466.0{\pm}2,173.2$ vs. $117.5{\pm}95.5pg/mL$, P<0.0001). The cutoff value of 260 pg/mL discriminated KD patients from other patients, with a sensitivity of 93 percent and a specificity of 88 percent. The NT-proBNP was higher in patients with PE(n=17) compared with those without PE(n=41)($1,784.2{\pm}1,903.1$ vs. $1,384.4{\pm}2,232.6pg/mL$, P=0.52). Comparison of NT-proBNP could not be done between patients with CAL and those without, owing to a small number of patients with CAL(n=3). There was no correlation between NT-proBNP and LVEF index(r=0.104, P=0.46) or LVIDd index(r=0.171, P=0.22). Conclusion : NT-proBNP increases in the acute phase of KD and decreases to within normal range in the convalescent phase. NT-proBNP >260 pg/mL may be highly suggestive of acute KD. NT-proBNP may be used as a diagnostic tool for KD.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.544-551
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a simultaneous analytical method for berberine and palmatine, which are representative substances of Phellodendron amurense, and to evaluate the antioxidant activity. We evaluated the specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) of analytical methods for berberine and palmatine using high-performance liquid chromatography. Our result showed that the correlation coefficients of the calibration curve for berberine and palmatine exhibited 0.9999. The LODs for berberine and palmatine were 0.32 to 0.35 µg/mL and the LOQs were 0.97 to 1.06 µg/mL, respectively. The inter-day and intra-day precision values for berberine and palmatine were from 0.12 to 1.93 and 0.19 to 2.89%, respectively. The inter-day and intra-day accuracies were 98.43-101.45% and 92.39-100.60%, respectively. In addition, the simultaneous analytical method was validated for the detection of berberine and palmatine. Moreover, we conducted FRAP and NaNO2 scavenging activity assays to measure the antioxidant activities of berberine and palmatine, and both showed antioxidant activity. These results suggest that P.amurense could be a potential natural resource for antioxidant activity and that the efficacy can be confirmed by investigating the content of the berberine and palmatine.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.677-680
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• 1992

The effects of pH, temperature and oxygen transfer rate(OTR) on L-Ieucine fermentation were investigated employing Corynebacterium glutamicum CH 1516 in 71 fermentor. The optimum pH, temperature and OTR were determined to be 7.0, $30^{\circ}C$ and 0.21 kmole $O_2$/$m^3{\cdot}hr$, respectively. For the values of OTR lower than 0.19 kmole $O_2$/$m^3{\cdot}hr$ a significant amount of lactic acid was accumulated, while the packed cell volume(PCV) was rapidly increased at higher OTR values above 0.23 kmole $O_2$/$m^3{\cdot}hr$ and glutamic acid was produced to some extent. Scale-up studies for L-Ieucine fermentation which was carried out in 12001 pilot scale fermentor reaffirmed the results of 71 fermentation. The optimum redox potential value for L-Ieucine production was found to be -150 to -170 mY.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.299-305
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• 2007

Distribution of fecal pollution indicator bacteria and environmental parameter were investigated of urban artificial lakes. An average concentration of temperature, pH, SS, DO, $COD_{Mn}$, T-P, T-N, Turbidity, Chl-a were $21.5^{\circ}C$, 8.07, 116.70 mg/l, 8.66 mg/l, 2.24 mg/1, 0.52 mg/l, 1.71mg/l, 80.54 NTU, and 52.12 mg/l respectively. From the results of bivariate correlation analysis, fecal contamination indicator bacteria were found to be mutually correlated. And turbidity and suspended solid were correlated. From the results of principal component analysis, four factors were extracted. And four factors of variance explained up to 81.5 percentage. Factor 1 was pollution pattern by fecal contamination, factor 2 was physical pollution pattern by pollution source, factor 3 was natural pollution by precipitation, and factor 4 was artificial pollution pattern by organism.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.906-906
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• 2012

밭에서 발생하는 비점오염물질은 강우량, 강우강도, 경사도, 토양, 시비량 등에 영향을 받는다. 따라서 효율적인 비점오염물질의 관리를 위해서는 영향인자에 대한 자세한 분석이 선행되어야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 강원도 평창군 대관령면의 경사도가 다른 고랭지 밭 두 지점을 선정하여 비점오염물질의 유출특성을 파악하고, 향후 비점오염원의 효율적인 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 연구기간은 2011년 4월부터 11월까지 유출이 발생한 8회의 강우사상에 대해 모니터링을 수행하였다. 연구결과 경사도 4.9% 밭에서의 유출율은 0.05~0.48이었으며, 16.8% 경사에서는 0.31~0.57로 나타났다. 유량과 채취된 수질 시료를 이용해 EMC를 산정한 결과 경사도 4.9%인 밭에서는 SS 762.1~2422.7 mg/L $BOD_5$ 4.5~14.9 mg/L, $COD_{Cr}$ 16.1~62.0 mg/L, $COD_{Mn}$ 7.5~43.2 mg/L, TN 9.602~21.021 mg/L, TP 2.544~6.763 mg/L의 범위로 나타났다. 반면 16.8%의 경사밭에서는 SS 116.0~2015.5 mg/L $BOD_5$ 6.0~9.5 mg/L, $COD_{Cr}$ 21.9~75.4 mg/L, $COD_{Mn}$ 4.3~33.1 mg/L, TN 10.937~46.295mg/L, TP 2.611~11.197 mg/L의 범위로 나타났다. 두 지점의 유출률과 EMC를 비교한 결과, 경사가 증가함에 따라 유출율이 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, SS를 제외한 모든 수질항목의 EMC가 증가한 것으로 나타났다. SS의 경우 경사가 큰 고랭지 밭에서 낮은 값을 보였는데, 이는 16.8%의 경사밭에서 등고선 방향으로 경운을 하여 흙 입자의 유실이 적었기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구의 결과와 같이 밭에서 발생하는 비점오염물질의 유출특성은 강우조건(강우강도, 선행무강우일수), 시비량, 토양, 지표의 피복상태 등에 따라 다르기 때문에 장기적인 모니터링을 통해 기초자료를 축적하는 것이 중요하다고 판단된다.