• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.336-341
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• 2002

본 연구는 치어기 잉어에 있어서 어분 (fish meal, FM) 대체 단백질원으로서 lysine 부산물 (lysine cell mass, LCM)이 사료내 이용 가능성과 대체 수준을 결정하기 위해 수행하였다. 실험사료의 조단백질 함량은 $38\%$, 가용에너지는 15.2kJ/g (protein, carbohydrate and lipid: 16.7, 16.7 and 37.7kJ/g)으로 동일하게 맞추어 실험사료를 제조하였으며, 사료의 조성을 요약하면 다음과 같다: $100\%$ $FM; LCM_20$, $80\%$ $FM+20\%$ $LCM; LCM_40$, $60\%$ $FM+40\%$ $LCM; LCM_60$, $40\%$ $FM+60\%$ $LCM; LCM_100$, $100\%$ $LCM; LCM_20$l, $80\%$ $FM+20\%$ $LCM+0.07\%$ $Lysine; LCM_40$l, $60\%$ $FM+40\%$ $LCM+0.14\%$ $Lysine; LCM_60$l $40\%$ $FM+60\%$ $LCM+0.22\%$ $Lysine; LCM_100$l, $100\%$ $LCM+0.35\% Lysine. 6주 동안의 실험 결과, 증체율, 사료효율, 일간성장률, 간중량지수 및 단백질전환효율에 있어서 LCM_0와 비교하석 LCM_20는 유의적인 차이가 없는 반면에 (P>0.05), $LCM_40,\;LCM_60$ 및 $LCM_100,\;LCM_40l,\;LCM_60$l 및 $LCM_100$l는 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다 (P<0.05). $LCM_0$와 $LCM_20$l은 증체율, 일간성장률, 간중량지수 및 단백질 전환효율에 있어서는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않는 반면에 (P>0.05), 사료효율에 있어서는 $LCM_0$에 비해 $LCM_20$l이 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다 (P<0.05). 헤마토그리트과 비만도는 모든 사료구에서 유의적인 차이가 없었다 (P<0.05). 따라서, 치어기 잉어에 있어서 Iysine 부산물은 어분단백질의 $100\%$ $FM; LCM_20$, $80\%$ $FM+20\%$ $LCM; LCM_40$, $60\%$ $FM+40\%$ $LCM; LCM_60$, $40\%$ $FM+60\%$ $LCM; LCM_100$, $100\%$ $LCM; LCM_20$l, $80\%$ $FM+20\%$ $LCM+0.07\%$ $Lysine; LCM_40$l, $60\%$ $FM+40\%$ $LCM+0.14\%$ $Lysine; LCM_60$l $40\%$ $FM+60\%$ $LCM+0.22\%$ $Lysine; LCM_100$l, $100\%$ $LCM+20\%까지 대체 가능하며, lysine 부산물에 결핍된 필수아미노산인 lysine을 첨가한 사료구에서는 첨가 효과가 나타나지 않았다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.197-200
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• 2011

Using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method, the influences of uniform and tetragonal strains on the magnetic state have been explored for chemically ordered bulk $L1_2$ $FePt_3$. The ordered state displays antiferromagnetic $Q_1$ (AFM-$Q_1$) state but it transitions into antiferromagnetic $Q_2$ (AFM-$Q_2$) state at about 10% uniform strain. The ferromagnetic (FM) state is observed at 11% uniform strain. For tetragonal strain, it is also seen that the transition from AFM-$Q_1$ to AFM-$Q_2$ depends on the strength and direction of the applied strain. The FM state does not appear in this case. Magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) calculations for tetragonal distortion reveal that the spin reorientation transition occurs. In addition, we find that the direction of magnetization and the magnitude of magnetic anisotropy energy strongly depend on the c/a ratio.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1407-1413
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• 2009

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of feather meal (FM) on the performance of pigs and taurine content in pork. A total of 135 cross-bred (L${\times}$Y${\times}$D) pigs, weighing an average 46 kg, were assigned to five dietary treatments; Control, 3% FM supplemented diet (3% FM), 3% FM and 10 ppm pyridoxin supplemented diet (3% FMpyridoxin), 6% FM supplemented diet (6% FM) and 6% FM and 10 ppm pyridoxine supplemented diet (6% FM-pyridoxin). Each treatment had 3 replications of 9 pigs (4 gilts and 5 barrows) each. Pigs were fed for 11 weeks under a phase feeding program which consisted of grower (0-3 week), grow-finisher (4-8 week) and finisher (9-11 week) periods. During the whole feeding period, ADG and ADFI of pigs fed FM treatments tended to increase in general compared to the control. Feed conversion ratio (feed/gain) of the control was significantly (p<0.05) lower than FM treatments. Taurine content of the control was highest in heart muscle (1,393.8 ppm) followed by liver (647.3 ppm), tenderloin (601.2 ppm), ham (462.4 ppm) and loin (375.8 ppm). Taurine contents of heart, tenderloin, ham and loin were significantly (p<0.05) increased by FM treatments. Taurine content was highest in the 6% FM-pyridoxin treatment. Taurine content of heart, tenderloin, ham and loin on 6% FM-pyridoxin supplementation were increased by 91%, 23%, 27% and 29%, respectively, compared with the control. Sensory tests of the pork showed that there was no consistent response among the treatments. In conclusion, supplementation of FM and pyridoxin to a pig diet can increase taurine content of the pork.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.35-40
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• 1983

본 논문에서는 PCM/FM시스템에 대한 비트(bit)오차 확률식을 구하여 이를 수치적으로 계산하여 검토를 행했다. 변조전 필터를 거친 NRZ-L 이진 펄스예을 변조 신호로 하여 반송파를 주파수 변조하였고, 리미터와 변별기를 검출기로 이용하였다. RF 스펙트럼의 제한과 비트 오차 확률의 감소면에서 볼 때, 주파수 편이화 h를 3WT가 되도록 설계하는 것이 적당함을 알 수 있었다. 여기서 W는 변조전 필터의 대역폭이고 T는 한 비트당 시간 간폭이다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.255-261
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• 1999

To investigate the effects of strong acidic electrolytic water on the chloroplast, barley leaves were treated with strong acidic electrolytic water(pH 2.5). And to investigate the effects of weak acidic electrolytic water on the chloroplast development, etiolated barley leaves were treated with weak acidic electrolytic water(pH 6.5) during greening period. Chl contents, Fo, Fv, and Chl fluorescence quenching coefficient in barley leaves were measured during and after treatment of acidic electrolytic water. The following results were obtained. Chl a, b, and carotenoid were decreased with treatment of strong acidic electrolytic water. Chl contents were significantly decreased than that of the control after 5 min. These results provide evidence that the strong acidic electrolytic water dissimilate the Chl and so that the value of Fo was slightly increased. The strong acidic electrolytic water damaged PS II because Fo was increased and Fv, Fm, and Fv/Fm ratio were decreased. qP, qNP and qE were decreased. On the other hand qI was increased than that of the control. But Chl content and Chl fluorescence patterns were a little changed as the pH increase over 4.0 Chl a, b, and carotenoid were increased with treatment of weak acidic electrolytic water during greening period. Chl contents were significantly increased than that of control after 12 hours greening. These results provide evidence that the weak acidic electrolytic water accelerated the chlorophyll synthesis. And the weak acidic electrolytic water accelerated PS II development because Fv, Fm, qP and Fv/Fm ratio were increased than that of the control.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.373-380
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• 1995

$25^{\circ}C,\;100\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$의 광량 조건에서 25일 동안 키운 고추의 제 1엽에서 광억제를 유도하였다. $25^{\circ}C에서\;0~3000\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$의 광량으로 0~70분 동안 처리하여 얻은 photon exposure [mol photons.m-2, 광량과 빛 조사 시간의 곱, Bell과 Rose (1981)]에 대한 산소 발생의 광양자 수율과 QA 환원의 광화학 효율(형광 파라미터 Fv/Fm)을 조사하여 광계II 기능의 변화를 조사하였다. Photon exposure가 증가함에 따라 산소 발생의 광양자 수율은 곡선적으로, Fv/Fm은 일치 직선형으로 감소하였는데, 각각은 $5.5\;mol\;photons{\cdot}m^{-2},\;10\;mol\;photons{\cdot}m^{-2}$에서 광계II의 활성이 50% 감소하였다. 저온($15^{\circ}C$)과 고온($45^{\circ}C$)에서 광합선능을 조사하였을 때 저온에서는 광양자수율과 Fv/Fm 비율의 변화가 거의 없었으나 고온에서는 이들의 감소가 뚜렷하게 일어났다. 그러나 빛과 온도를 함께 처리하였을 경우, 저온과 고온조건 모두에서 현저한 광억제가 일어났다. 이로 미루어 보아 저온과 고온에서 나타나는 광억제의 촉진 현상은 서로 다른 메카니즘을 통해 일어나는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2006년도 추계 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.455-457
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• 2006

The effects of UV-B irradiation on the growth and photosynthetic activity were investigated in seedlings of sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.). The first leaves irradiated with UV-B were retarded in growth but simultaneously acquired a remarkably decreased chlorophyll fluorescence ratio compared with the non-irradiated leaves. The Fv/Fm ratio decreased by 13 % compared to the control after 2 d, and was kept to be lower than the control level until 5 d. From the results it is suggested that UV-B radiation may induce reduced biomass production and decrease in photosynthetic rate in sunflower plants.

• 멤브레인
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.198-204
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• 2000

생물 발효 공정에서 생산되는 부탄올 수용액으로부터 부탄올을 농축시키기 위한 투과증발 공정의 flux와 선택도를 향상시키기 위하여 저온 plasma 처리 공정으로 막을 제조하였다. 플라즈마 처리 조건인 공급 power, 반응 시간, 단량체 공급 속도 등에 따른 영향을 조사하여 (W/FM)t의 최적값이 4.0389$\times$10(sup)9 J.min/kg임을 확인하였으며, 이에 따른 최적의 막 제조 공정을 확립하였다. 여러 가지 유기 화합물로서 저온 플라즈마 처리된 막에 대하여 부탄올 분리 성능을 조사하였으며, 플라즈마 처리된 막에 대하여 물과 부탄올의 상대적 sorption 비와 접촉각을 측정하여 표면 분석을 하고자 하였으며, 그 상관 관계를 조사하였다. 접촉각과 상대적 sorption 비가 증가함에 따라 부탄올의 선택도는 0.186에서 3.525로 향상되었고, 부탄올 질량 flux는 0.042에서 0.567 kg/$m^2$.hr로 향상됨을 볼 수 있었는데, 이는 막의 소수서이 증가함에 따라 막과 부탄올과의 친화력이 증가하였기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 또한 사용된 유기 화합물과 물 또는 부탄올과의 친화력 정도를 알아보기 위해 heat of mixing을 측정하여 분리 성능과 비교하였으나 뚜렷한 경향성을 얻지 못하였다. 이것은 플라즈마 처리 시 유기 화합물이 분해되어 새로운 화합물을 형성하게 되어 유기 화합물 본래의 특성을 잃어버리기 때문인 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.1023-1030
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• 2002

The effects on photosynthesis of NaCl(0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 or 1.0 M) were examined in etiolated barley seedlings. Chlorophyll(Chl) a, Chl b and carotenoid contents, Chl a fluorescence and quenching coefficients of Chl fluorescence have been determined in the primary leaves of etiolated barley seedlings cultivated under low light(60 $\mu$㏖ $m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$). Chl a, b, and carotenoid contents were decreased remarkably in comparison with the control at 0.4 M NaCl. However, the value of Fo and Fv were decreased at 0.6 M NaCl and the ratio of Fv/Fm were deceased at 1.0 M NaCl. Chlorophyll synthesis was seriously inhibited from 0.4 M NaCl, and the photosynthetic electron transport system was inhibited from 0.6 M NaCl. Quantum of photosystem II reaction center was inhibited at 1.0 M NaCl. The effects of NaCl on the Chl content were raised in a 6 hrs, but the effects of NaCl on the value of Fo, Fv and Fv/Fm were raised in 30 hrs. The value of qP was decreased in comparison with the control at all concentrations, but there was a small change in the value qE. These results provide evidence that NaCl inhibited effects of various concentration of NaCl were inhibited quinone redox, however, proton gradient between thylakoid membranes was little damaged.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.20.1-20.8
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of taurine for juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) at low water temperature ($16.4{\pm}0.36^{\circ}C$). Fish meal (FM)-based diet was used as the control diet. Four other experimental diets were prepared by adding taurine to FM-based diet at 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 1. 50% (T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively). Each experimental diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish (initial mean body weight, 19.5 g) for 10 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, growth performance and feed utilization, hematological parameters, non-specific immune responses, whole-body proximate composition, and liver mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were investigated. Feed conversion ratio was significantly reduced while protein efficiency ratio was significantly increased in taurine-supplemented groups. Hematocrit and hemoglobin were also significantly increased while plasma cholesterol levels were decreased in taurine-supplemented groups than those in the control group. Nitroblue-tetrazolium, myeloperoxidase and lysozyme activities, and plasma immunoglobulin level were significantly increased by taurine supplementation. These results suggest that dietary taurine supplementation is effective in improving growth performances, feed utilization, and innate immunity of olive flounder in low water temperature season.