• 대기
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.439-450
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• 2019

Present weather plays an important role not only for atmospheric sciences but also for public welfare and road safety. While the widely used state-of-the-art visibility and present weather sensor yields present weather, a single type of measurement is far from perfect to replace long history of human-eye based observation. Truly automatic present weather observation enables us to increase spatial resolution by an order of magnitude with existing facilities in Korea. 8 years of human-eyed present weather records in 19 sites over Korea are compared with visibility sensors and auxiliary measurements, such as humidity of AWS. As clear condition agrees with high probability, next best categories follow fog, rain, snow, mist, haze and drizzle in comparison with human-eyed observation. Fog, mist and haze are often confused due to nature of machine sensing visibility. Such ambiguous weather conditions are improved with empirically induced criteria in combination with visibility and humidity. Differences between instrument manufacturers are also found indicating nonstandard present weather decision. Analysis shows manufacturer dependent present weather differences are induced by manufacturer's own algorithms, not by visibility measurement. Accuracies of present weather for haze, mist, and fog are all improved by 61.5%, 44.9%, and 26.9% respectively. The result shows that automatic present weather sensing is feasible for operational purpose with minimal human interactions if appropriate algorithm is applied. Further study is ongoing for impact of different sensing types between manufacturers for both visibility and present weather data.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.7-31
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• 2003

The governments of almost countries have the rules and procedures that the purchasing entities have to follow, in order to ensure that the best value for money spent is obtained in procuring goods and services. However, there are often some of important problems in their rules relating to government procurement. Namely, almost countries have a variety of discriminatory regulations for foreign suppliers in the government procurement laws with the object of national security, economic welfare, and protection of domestic market from international competition. For this reason, several advanced countries had reached the Plurilateral Agreement on Government Procurement during Tokyo Round(1973-1979) and Uruguay Round(1986-1994). However, the provisions of two agreements do not apply to all products made by the government but only to those made by purchasing entities specified by each member country in its list in the Appendix. Accordingly, the size of goods and services purchased from foreign suppliers were comparatively not large. As we know well, the United States have spent a large amount of money from federal and state government budget. But the portion of procurement from foreign suppliers is still small, compared with the portion of procurement from domestic suppliers. The main reason are that U.S. has applied for long time the so-called Buy American Act to government procurement positively and maintained many kinds of other domestic regulations which have discriminatory provisions for foreign goods and foreign suppliers. On the recognition of these points, this thesis deals with the Buy American Act and other U.S. domestic laws, regional and bilateral, and plurilateral agreements including WTO Agreement on Government Procurement. As a result, the author found that there are several concerns and problems in the U.S. regulations relating to government procurement. It include the provisions on priority procurement of U.S.-produced products, local contents requirements, set-aside procurement from small business, and exclusion of preferential procurement from the developing countries.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.65-80
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to investigate into the meaning of the New Brutalism sensed in the late church buildings of the Swedish architect Sigurd Lewerentz (1885-1975). St Mark's (1956-64) and St Peter's (1962-66) churches, his grand finale designs, have a unique architectural vocabulary of rough brickwork. The brick treatment is the basis on which Reyner Banham (1966) discussed him concerning the New Brutalism, and the point that this research focuses on. This paper explores the brutalist character of the buildings from two aspects - interpretational level of individual buildings and historical level of a broader view. First, the character of two churches could be interpreted with the phrase of 'play between brutality and sacredness'. The rough surface of brick and mortar in the buildings symbolises brutality and the vault of their chapels' ceiling sacredness. And the two characteristics meet and play on the rough vault surface. Second, in the historical point of view, this paper argues that the buildings made a giant leap for Swedish modern architecture, which had been at a deadlock owing to the compromising attitude of the New Empiricism since 1940s. And the Swedish New Empiricism (or the New Humanism), spread to Britain as "Welfare State architecture" after World War II, brought about reaction of the young British architects such as the Smithsons and became the background that made the new brutalist mood. However, considering that the term of the New Brutalism was first used in Sweden by Hans Asplund, Lewerentz's brutalist late churches - which seemingly had nothing to do with the British nor the Corbusian lineage - are also meaningful in that they confirmed the tendency in its homeland. In conclusion, this paper argues that St Mark's and St Peter's churches with the brutalist characteristics should be regarded as crucial buildings not only in Lewerentz's personal career but also in Swedish and international architectural history.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2000

We have witnessed several kinds of new discourses and practices in health and medicine since the 1970s, such as popular concerns with alternative or complementary medicine, inordinate attention to the promotion of 'healthy' living, rapid resurrection of traditional medicine and ecological management of health. Four structural and situational factors are discussed to underlie these new trends：(i) as 'crisis' in health care of the 1970s was translated into health care reform of the 1980s backed up by neo-liberal political philosophy, the state responsibility for nation's health is being transferred to the individual ；(ii) it resulted from the limits of biomedical paradigm in dealing with chronic diseases；(iii) medico-scientific knowledge of disease is transformed into the subjective discourses and technologies of health in postmodern society ； and (iv) it is deeply associated with the considerable increase in environmental risk perception of health and disease. There are some inherent countervailing forces in these new discourses and practices. First, while they derive from lifestyle-oriented behavioral change, medicalization of life and death is still consolidated in the new trends. Second, inasmuch as new tides are reliant upon science, they. are likely to be remote from techne that means not the practical application of theoretical knowing but a special form of practical knowing. Third, as new discourses and activities accomplished＇in the name of health＇increasingly occupy important strategies in forming the self-identity, they serve as moral apparatus which involves prescriptions about how we should live our lives and conduct our bodies, both individually and collectively. Therefore, two points are suggested to consider seriously whether these streams will succeed in improving the‘healthy’living of all the people. Instead of limiting tile perspective to medicine, healing and health care, a new matrix that interweave welfare, ecology and labor along with them is timely needed for enhancing the health for all. In addition, as the World Health Report fm strongly shows, inequality in health heavily depends upon socio-economic development of a society, and it is not the richest countries that have the best health status, but those that have the smallest income differences between rich and poor.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2021

요나 콤플렉스는 미국의 유명한 심리학자 매슬로에 의해 제안된 심리 용어이다. 요컨대 요나 콤플렉스는 성장에 대한 두려움이다. 그것은 정신 역학 이론의 가설에서 비롯된다. "사람들은 실패를 두려워할 뿐만 아니라 성공도 두려워한다." 그것은 기회 앞에서 회피하고 후퇴하는 일종의 심리를 나타낸다. 이것은 우리가 잘 할 수 있는 것을 하지 못하게 하거나 심지어 우리의 잠재력을 탐구하는 것을 피하도록 이끄는 감정적인 상태이다. 자기실현이라는 관점에서 보면, 그것은 자기실현에 심리적 장애물이다. 본 논문은 다음과 같이 구성되어 있다. 제1장에서는 본 논문의 연구 배경과 중요성을 설명하고, 제2장에서는 이론적인 근거를 설명하고, 제3장에서는 본 논문의 연구 방법이 문학적인 방법이라고 설명하고, 제4장에서는 요나의 형성 이유를 분석한다. 다섯 번째 장에서는 요나 콤플렉스를 극복하는 방법을 자세히 설명했다.

• 산업노동연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.261-293
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• 2013

스웨덴은 1960년대까지는 주로 북구와 서구 국가들로부터 노동이민을 수용하였으나 1970년대 이후 이주민의 구성이 난민과 그 가족 중심으로 크게 바뀌었다. 이는 1970년대 이후 스웨덴 노동시장이 포화상태에 도달하여 해외 인력에 대한 수요는 급감한 데 반해 스웨덴의 인도주의적 난민 수용정책이 지속된 데 기인한다. 이주민 구성이 제3세계 출신자의 비중이 큰 난민 중심으로 바뀌고 스웨덴 노동시장 사정이 어려워짐에 따라 이주민의 취업이 어려워졌다. 이주민의 노동시장 통합이 어려워짐에 따라 그 원인과 해결책을 둘러싸고 스웨덴 내에서 활발하게 논의가 진행되어왔다. 해결책과 관련하여 미시적 개혁방안들에서는 합의 수준이 높은 편이지만 노동시장 유연화나 이민 규제와 같은 대형 이슈에서는 견해차가 큰 편이다. 이주민의 노동시장 통합 부진은 향후 노동시장 유연화 압력을 가중시키고, 완전고용을 전제로 하여 설계된 스웨덴 식 복지국가 모델에 상당한 변화를 가져올 가능성이 커 보인다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권5호
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• pp.970-984
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• 2022

Thermal stress is a tremendous health predicament encountered by poultry farmers with adverse effects on the performance, product stature, health condition, survival, and overall welfare of poultry birds, and so requires urgent dietary user-friendly strategy to curb. This study was conducted with 200-day old broilers for the purpose of investigating the potential of phytogenics in refining the negative effects of heat stress on broiler chicken. Moringa, Phyllanthus and mistletoe leaves were processed as phytogenic supplements and incorporated into standard ration for broilers as treatments B1 (control), B2, B3 and B4 diet during the peak of thermal discomfort in humid tropics. Growth and carcass indices were monitored in a 49-day trial and blood samples were harvested at the end of the ordeal period to assess haematology, serum biochemical and oxidative stress markers with the use of standard procedures. The results obtained showed that the prevailing environmental condition in the study site indicated that the birds were exposed to heat stress. Birds fed on moringa and mistletoe supplements had higher performance index than birds without supplementation during heat stress condition, while birds fed on mistletoe supplement had the highest survival rate across the treatments. The liveweight, slaughter weight, dressed weight and eviscerated weight of heat stressed birds fed on moringa, phyllanthus and mistletoe supplements were significantly higher than birds on control treatment. Heterophyl/lymphocyte ratio of heat stressed birds without supplement were higher than birds on phytogenic supplements, with least values recorded in phyllanthus and mistletoe fed birds. Birds on phytogenic supplement tend to have lower cholesterol profile, lipid peroxidation and better antioxidant profile than birds on control treatment during heat stress conditions. Mistletoe supplementation in broiler ration enhances the survival rate, as well as promotes growth indices better among the phytogenic supplements. However, phytogenic supplements did ameliorate the negative effects of thermal discomfort on performance, physiological and oxidative stress in heat-stressed broiler chicken.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2022

이 연구는 최근 한국 사회과학계에서 많은 관심을 끌고 있는 주제인 사회적경제를 개괄한 후 사회적경제를 둘러싼 주요 쟁점들을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 먼저 사회적경제의 개념정의가 이루어 질 것이다. 국제기관과 국내외 사회적경제 전문 연구자들의 개념정의들을 구체적으로 살펴 본 후, 사회적경제의 범주에 대한 논의까지 진행하고자 한다. 다음으로 한국에서 진행되고 있는 사회적경제에 대한 논의들을 정리하고자 한다. 구체적으로 국내 사회적경제의 역사적 발전경로와 범주 및 유형들이 다루어 질 것이다. 다음으로 이 연구의 핵심주제인 사회적경제 관련 쟁점들을 다룬다. 사회적경제 관련 쟁점은 크게 다섯 가지 정도 이며 사회적경제의 고용창출효과 존재 여부, 사회적경제와 복지국가와의 관계 설정, 사회적경제의 지속가능성, 사회적경제와 시민사회와의 관계 설정 문제, 그리고 마지막으로 사회적경제와 기본소득간의 관계가 다루어진다. 이 연구는 사회적경제에 관심을 가진 전문 연구자들에게 사회적경제란 무엇이며 사회적경제에 대한 연구가 실제 시장자본주의체제속에서 어떠한 거시사회학적 함의를 갖는지를 고민할 수 있는 단초를 제공하고자 한다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.263-280
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• 2023

This study examined four ecological systems, namely individual, family, school, and media environments. A series of moderator analyses were conducted to examine variations in effect size estimates across the study characteristics. The current study estimated that the effect size results were gleaned from 360 primary studies, including 90 journal articles and 270 thesis/dissertations, published between 2011 and 2022. The current meta-analysis results supported the ecological framework. That is, the impact of each ecological system on the development of positive and negative peer relationships varies depending on age groups and protective-risk factors. Specifically, for positive peer relationships, the largest effect size of the protective factor was found at the individual level for young and school- aged children, but at the school level for adolescents. Regarding the risk factors for positive peer relationships, the media was the ecological system with the strongest effect size for both young children and adolescents, while the individual-level demonstrating the strongest effect for school-aged children. Results from this meta-analysis allow us to identify some vital intervention areas in terms of healthy peer-relationship development, which should be of considerable interest to the educators and policymakers who are responsible for assessing and intervening with at-risk young children, school-aged children, and adolescents. From a practical standpoint, the current meta-analysis results are expected to contribute to developing effective prevention initiatives by targeting specific protective and risk factors for peer relationship development on the ecological system level.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.724-729
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• 2023

본의 연구 결과는 무기질 구리가 전사, 번역 및 번역 후의 여러 단계에서 아펠린 생합성에 억제 효과를 발휘한다는 것을 명확하게 보여준다. 그러나 바토쿠프로인디설폰산의 구리 킬레이터로 처리하면 구리의 억제 영향이 효과적으로 역전되어 포유류 골격근 세포에서 아펠린 생합성의 구리 의존적 특성이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 구리가 마이오카인 아펠린의 생합성 조절에 중요한 역할을 한다는 최초의 보고이며, 구리 관련한 근육감소증의 예방 및 치료의 전략 개발에 유용한 실마리를 제공할 수 있다.