• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2005

한국어와 일본어는 문법 체계의 유사성으로 인하여, 양언어의 형태소들 간에 1대1 매핑만으로도 높은 번역 성능을 얻을 수 있다. 따라서, 대부분의 한-일 기계번역에서는 한국어와 일본어 형태소 사이에 1대1 매핑을 기본으로 하고 있다. 명사와 '하다'로 구성되는 한국어 '하다' 용언도 대부분 명사와 'する'로 구성되는 일본어 'する 용언에 대응되므로, 일반적으로 1대1 매핑을 관계를 적용한다. 그러나, 한국어 '하다' 용언이 일본어 'する'용언에 대응되지 않는 경우, 1대1 매핑만으로는 정확한 번역 결과를 얻지 못하는 경우도 자주 발생하게 된다. 이 경우 명사와 '하다'를 하나의 번역 단위로 다루어 주는 것이 필요하다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 한국어 '하다' 용언의 특성을 조사하고. 명사와 '하다' 사이에 삽입된 어휘들에 의한 비연속성 문제, 피동화, 관형어 수식 등 입력 문장에서의 다양한 상황에 따른 '하다'용언의 변환 기법을 제안하였다. 실험 결과, 높은 번역 성능을 보임으로써 제안한 방법이 한일 기계번역에서 '하다'용언을 다루는데 효율적임을 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.101-116
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• 2004

This paper proposes a statistical model for the translation of prepositions in English-Korean machine translation. In the proposed model, statistical information acquired from unlabeled Korean corpora is used to choose the best translation from several possible translations. Such information includes functional word-verb co-occurrence information, functional word-verb distance information, and noun-postposition co-occurrence information. The model was evaluated with 443 sentences, each of which has a prepositional phrase, and we attained 71.3% accuracy.

• 한국언어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국언어정보학회 2007년도 정기학술대회
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• pp.489-497
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• 2007

Named entity translation plays an important role in many applications, such as information retrieval and machine translation. In this paper, we focus on translating person names, the most common type of name entity in Korean-Chinese cross language information retrieval (KCIR). Unlike other languages, Chinese uses characters (ideographs), which makes person name translation difficult because one syllable may map to several Chinese characters. We propose an effective hybrid person name translation method to improve the performance of KCIR. First, we use Wikipedia as a translation tool based on the inter-language links between the Korean edition and the Chinese or English editions. Second, we adopt the Naver people search engine to find the query name's Chinese or English translation. Third, we extract Korean-English transliteration pairs from Google snippets, and then search for the English-Chinese transliteration in the database of Taiwan's Central News Agency or in Google. The performance of KCIR using our method is over five times better than that of a dictionary-based system. The mean average precision is 0.3490 and the average recall is 0.7534. The method can deal with Chinese, Japanese, Korean, as well as non-CJK person name translation from Korean to Chinese. Hence, it substantially improves the performance of KCIR.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.69-101
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• 2011

Based on the previous translation studies and "WHO-IST", we selected terminology, which are required the definition and explanation among jargon expressed in "Dongeuisusebowon Discourse on Nature and Act", and the procedure of the definition, explanation, and translation in Korean and English has been followed. The outcomes of this study are presented as below: First, based on the existing translation studies, Korean and English translation of "Dongeuisusebowon Discourse on Nature and Act" is provided. Second, few of Terminology in "Dongeuisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)" have been written in WHO-IST, even most of them have been standardized in terms of "Huang Di Nei Jing(黃帝內經)". Therefore, terminology related to Four-constitution medicine in WHO-IST would be required to be corrected, and unattatched terminology should be added in the future. Third, in order to standardize and globalize Four-constitution medicine, further definition, explanation, and translation studies of the rest of Dongeuisusebowon should be continued.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.403-408
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• 2022

본 연구는 『그 많던 싱아는 누가 다 먹었을까』 중국어 번역본 4종의 번역 전략에 대해 분석하였다. 주지하듯, 박완서의 작품은 인물의 심리 묘사, 추상적인 어휘, 관용어, 속담, 방언 등이 많아 중국어로 번역할 때 이역, 해석역, 창조역 등 다양한 번역 전략이 요구된다. 본고에서 연구한 4종 모두 번역자에 따라 다소 상이하긴 하지만 모든 번역 전략을 복합적으로 활용하였다. 연구결과 4종 모두 지명 명사, 인물 호칭 등을 번역할 시에는 한자어를 활용한 이역 전략을 많이 활용하였다. 역사·사회·문화·지리의 배경적 해석이 필요한 어휘 등에 대한 번역은 해석역 전략을 사용하였으며, 중복, 정치·역사적으로 민감한 문제, 한국어 발음 및 문법과 관련된 문제 등을 번역할 때는 창조역 전략을 활용하였다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2022

본 논문은 방언 연구, 보존, 의사소통의 중요성을 바탕으로 소외될 수 있는 방언 사용자들을 위한 한국어 방언 기계번역 연구를 진행하였다. 사용한 방언 데이터는 최상위 행정구역을 기반으로 배포된 AIHUB 방언 데이터를 사용하였다. 방언 데이터를 바탕으로 Transformer 기반의 copy mechanism을 적용하여 방언 기계번역기의 성능 향상을 도모하는 모델링 연구와 모델 배포의 효율성을 도모하는 Many-to-one 기반의 방언 기계 번역기를 제안한다. 본 논문은 one-to-one 모델과 many-to-one 모델의 성능을 비교 분석하고 이를 다양한 언어학적 시각으로 분석하였다. 실험 결과 BLEU점수를 기준으로 본 논문이 제안하는 방법론을 적용한 one-to-one 기계번역기의 성능 향상과 many-to-one 기계번역기의 유의미한 성능을 도출하였다.

• 한국언어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국언어정보학회 2007년도 정기학술대회
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• pp.87-94
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• 2007

This paper introduces BEYTrans (Better Environment for Your TRANSlation), the first experimental environment for free online collaborative computer-aided translation. The requirements and functionalities related to individual translators and communities of translators are distinguished and described. These functionalities have been integrated in a Wiki-based complete environment, equipped with all currently possible asynchronous linguistic resources and translation aids. Functions provided by BEYTrans are also compared with existing CAT systems and ongoing experiments are discussed.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제61권5호
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• pp.1035-1050
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• 2024

The Cameron-Martin translation theorem describes how Wiener measure changes under translation by elements of the Cameron-Martin space in an abstract Wiener space (AWS). Translation theorems for the analytic Feynman integrals also have been established in the literature. In this article, we derive a more general translation theorem for the analytic Feynman integral associated with bounded linear operators (B.L.OP.) on AWSs. To do this, we use a certain behavior which exists between the analytic Fourier-Feynman transform (FFT) and the convolution product (CP) of functionals on AWS. As an interesting application, we apply this translation theorem to evaluate the analytic Feynman integral of the functional $$F(x)={\exp}\left(-iq\int_{0}^{T}x(t)y(t)dt\right),\,y{\in}C_0[0,\,T],\;q{\in}{\mathbb{R}}\,{\backslash}\,\{0\}$$ defined on the classical Wiener space C₀[0, T].

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was to propose how to translate journal references into english for enhancing citation index of the journals published in the Korean Oriental Medical Society. Methods : Journal reference is mainly composed of author name, title or book name, journal name such as Index Medicus or publisher name, etc. In order to find the appropriate equivalents to the above major constituents, head words extracted from all the references of Journal of Korean Oriental Medical Society published in 2002 to 2009. A plan for English translation of the journal reference was formulated and the glossary was prepared. Plan for English translation of the journal reference : 1. Author: Author name was represented as capitalized last name and two initials of first name and listed up to six. If there are more, the first three or six authors were listed with 'et al'. 2. Terminology of traditional Korean medicine: Standard korean traditional medical terminology was one of the current representative dictionary with as much as 6040 headwords, which was needed to be translated into English in order to provide substantial equivalents available for English translation of journal reference. Therefor 4361 english equivalents were to be newly adopted except for 1679 overlapped with them in WHO-IST. Source oriented translation and target oriented translation were allowed to be appropriately selected depending on the condition. In addition, principle of English translation of acupoint,medicinal Herbs, Herbal formula and classical works were proposed. 3. Basically the names of journals should be set in italics and abbreviated according to the List of journals indexed for medline (formerly Index Medicus) published by the National Library of Medicine. however, abbreviation of korean oriental medical journals were not yet established. Thus establishment of tentative korean index medicus should be considered. Conclusions : For the enhancement of journal citation index of korean traditional medical journals, it was suggested that english translation of journal reference should be one of the alternatives enhancing citation rate.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제38권
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• pp.145-190
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• 2015

The objective of this paper is to investigate translated individual words in J. S. Gale's "Choon Yang" in comparison with its original OkJoongHwa("獄中花") while referring to early modern bilingual dictionaries and missionaries' ethnography. Gale faced a lot of translation difficulties because the source text had a very different cultural system from the object text. OkJoongHwa was a Korean pansori novel which meant it included many Korean characteristics. However, Gale considered its Korean characteristics were deeply connected with Chinese classics. Even famous people and place names cited from the Chinese classics in OkJoongHwa represented the Korean thinking. Gale tried to faithfully translate the source text as much as possible whether the words were Chinese or Korean. In this paper, we deal with mostly various translation aspects of the Chinese-letter words in OkJoongHwa. Gale's first method to translate words made of Chinese Character is transliteration, the examples of which are the name of Chinese famous people and places, and Chinese poems. The second method is to parallel transliteration and English interpretation equivalent to the Chinese Character. The examples are the names of main characters like "Spring Fragrance or Choonyang," "Mongyong, or Dream-Dragon" and in his translation of word play in Osa (Commissioner), or Kamsa (Governor), kaiksa (a dead beggar). The third is literal translation of Chinese idiomatic phrases as Gale translated 侵魚落雁 into "She'd make the fishes to sink and the wild-geese to drop from the sky." The fourth is a little free translation of the title of public office, the various names of Korean yamen servants and the unique Korean clothing and ornaments. We expect Gale's many translation difficulties as we can see the translated long list of yamen clerks and Korean clothing and ornaments. After our investigation of his translation practices in "Choon Yang" we conclude that he tried to translate its literary language very faithfully though he could not avoid inevitable loss caused by the cultural difference involved in two languages. Gale's "Choon Yang" contributed to introducing the uniqueness of the classical Korean novel and Korean culture to the world more than any other English translation works of that time through his faithful translation.