• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.869-881
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to come up with improvement measures to improve the effectiveness of child safety measures. Method: The current status of child safety accidents was investigated and implications were deduced by analyzing major child safety measures by government department in the past. In addition, a perception survey was conducted on 1,000 people including children, guardians, and children's facility workers who are subject to child safety policies. Result: Regarding the safety of children's living space(environment), 35.3% of guardians answered that more than 1/3 of them were not safe. Both guardians(95.3%) and children's facility workers(89%) answered that there was the highest risk of 'traffic accidents', and the second risk factor was parents(carelessness of workers at children's facilities) and children's facility workers(careless of guardians at home). Looking at the risks by place, "road and sidewalk" was the most dangerous place and for child safety, guardians(64.3%) and workers (78.3%) both said that the role of "parent" is the most important. For improvements to prevent child safety accidents, the response rate of "strengthening safety management of road traffic facilities" is the most necessary with 75.8% for guardians and 65% for child use facilities. Conclusion: The reinforcement measures to strengthen the effectiveness of child safety measures are as follows. First, in order to ensure the continuity of child safety measures, it should be operated effectively so that those subject to the establishment of the Comprehensive Plan for Child Safety, which took effect in August 2022, can feel it. Second, in order to improve the sensitivity of children's policy targets, promotion measures that take into account the characteristics of each child safety field should be continuously strengthened. Third, it is necessary to expand safety infrastructure for each field to secure child safety. Fourth, it is necessary to strengthen safety education that can ensure safety for children themselves and to come up with detailed measures to make safety education for parents(guardians) mandatory.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.91-106
• /
• 2022

Cryptocurrency, stood out the sharp cost rising of Bitcoin has been spotlighted by means of the solution for stagflation because it is decentralized with an existing currency differently. Especially getting into 4th industrial revolution, technologies using block chain and internet of things have been used in the many fields, and the power of influence is also widespread. Nevertheless like a remark of Elon Musk of Tesla CEO, the problems of environmental contamination for cryptocurrency have been pointed out continuously and the most representative of them is an enormous electric usage as the use of fossil fuels. Also the amount generated of carbon dioxide result in the acceleration of global warming mainly based on the climate changes of earth if the existing mining method is continued. On the other hand, review researches have been conducted restrictively as the connection with environmental contamination as the mining of cryptocurrency. In this study, it intended to review problems for environmental contamination as the diversification of ecological system of cryptocurrency concretely. Upon investigation existing prior documents on the putting recent data first, the mining of cryptocurrency has affected on the environmental contamination conflicting with carbon neutrality as increasement of the electric usage and electronic wastes. And POS method without the mining process appeared, but it had a demerit collapsing a decentralization and then we met turning point on appearing various environmental-friendly cryptocurrency. Finally the appearance of cryptocurrency using new renewable energy acted on the opportunity of the usage maximization of energy storage apparatus and the birth of national government intervention. Based on these results, we mention clearly that hereafter cryptocurrency will regress if not go abreast the value of currency as well as environmental approach.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.38 no.5
• /
• pp.319-331
• /
• 2023

Aminoglycoside antibiotics, also known as aminoglycosides (AGs), are veterinary drugs effective against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Owing to their recent use in cultured meats, it has become essential to establish an analytical method for safety management. AGs are highly polar compounds, and ion-pair reagents (IPRs) are used to ensure component separation. Owing to the high possibility of potential mechanical problems resulting from IPR addition to the mobile phase, an analytical method in which IPRs are added directly to the vial was explored. In this study, methods for analyzing 10 AGs via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with the addition of two IPRs were validated for selectivity, detection limit, quantitation limit, recovery, and precision. The detection limit was 0.0001-0.0038 mg/kg, the quantification limit was 0.004-0.011 mg/kg, and the linearity (R²) within the concentration range of 0.01-0.5 mg/kg was over 0.99. Recovery and precision (expressed as relative standard deviation) evaluated in the two matrices (beef and cell culture media) ranged from 70.7% to 120.6% and 0.2% to 24.7%, respectively. The validated AG analytical method was then applied to 15 meats prepared from chicken, beef, and pork, and 6 culture media and additives used in cultured meat. No AGs were detected in any of the 15 meats distributed in Korea; however, streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin were detected at levels ranging from 695.85 to 1152.71 mg/kg and 6.35 to 11.11 mg/kg, respectively, in the culture media additives. The LC-MS/MS method coupled with direct addition of IPRs to the vial can provide useful basic data for AG analysis and safety evaluation of meats as well as culture media and additives for cultured meats.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.161-170
• /
• 2024

This study was conducted to estimate the days to flowering based on the effective accumulated temperature at various altitudes in the Jiri mountain region and to compare growth and yield characteristics according to the sowing date of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) four genetic resources (local variety, IT323225, IT333473, and IT333482). The safflower four resources were sown on March 29, May 3, May 13, May 24, and June 2. The days from sowing to flowering of the safflower four resources by sowing dates were in the order of the local variety (61.0 days), IT333482 (73.2 days), IT323225 (74.0 days), and IT333473 (74.2 days). The base temperature and effective accumulated temperature for the days to flowering of the safflower four resources calculated based on the daily mean temperature were local variety 6℃, 579℃, IT323225 11℃, 766℃, IT333473 11℃, 768℃, IT333482 10℃, 750℃, respectively. As a result of applying the calculated effective accumulated temperature and daily mean temperature of the past five years (2019 to 2023) by various altitudes and the different sowing dates (every 15 days from April 1 to August 15), the days to flowering of the safflower four resources decreased from April 1 to July 15 during the sowing date and then tended to increase from August 1. In addition, the days to flowering at various altitudes were investigated in the order of plains, mid-mountain, and mountain regions. Among the yield characteristics, plant height, number of branches, number of capitula, number of seeds, and seed weight decreased as the sowing dates were delayed for the safflower four resources.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.304-312
• /
• 2024

This study was conducted to characterize strain Y10, isolated from discarded chicken feathers. Strain Y10 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens through phenotypic and 16S rRNA gene analysis. B. amyloliquefaciens Y10 exhibited plant growth-promoting activities, including the production of fungal cell-degrading enzymes (cellulase, lipase, protease, and pectinase), siderophores, ammonia, and indoleacetic acid. Furthermore, strain Y10 was able to inhibit the mycelial growth of several phytopathogenic fungi. When 0.1% sucrose as a carbon source and 0.05% casein as a nitrogen source were added to the basal medium, adjusted to pH 10, and cultured at 35℃, the degradation rate of chicken feathers by strain Y10 was about two times higher than that of the basal medium, with the feathers almost completely degraded in four days. Strain Y10 also degraded various keratin substrates, including duck feathers, wool, and human nails. It was confirmed that the feather hydrolyzates prepared using strain Y10 exhibited antioxidant activities, such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (EC₅₀ = 0.38 mg/ml) and superoxide dismutase-like activity (EC₅₀ = 183.7 mg/ml). These results suggest that B. amyloliquefaciens Y10 is a potential candidate for the development of bioinoculants and feed additives applicable to the agricultural and livestock industries, as well as the microbiological treatment of keratin waste.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.181-191
• /
• 2024

In the realm of cement manufacturing, concerted efforts are underway to mitigate the emission of greenhouse gases. A significant portion, approximately 60%, of these emissions during the cement clinker sintering process is attributed to the decarbonation of limestone, which serves as a fundamental ingredient in cement production. Prompted by these environmental concerns, there is an active pursuit of alternative technologies and admixtures for cement that can substitute for limestone. Concurrently, initiatives are being explored to harness technology within the cement industry for the capture of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions, facilitating its conversion into carbonate minerals via chemical processes. Parallel to these technological advances, economic growth has precipitated a surge in construction activities, culminating in a steady escalation of construction waste, notably waste concrete. This study is anchored in the innovative production of calcium silicate cement clinkers, utilizing finely powdered waste concrete, followed by a thorough analysis of their mineral phases. Through X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis, it was observed that increasing the substitution level of waste concrete powder and the molar ratio of SiO₂ to (CaO+SiO₂) leads to a decrease in Belite and γ-Belite, whereas minerals associated with carbonation, such as wollastonite and rankinite, exhibited an upsurge. Furthermore, the formation of gehlenite in cement clinkers, especially at higher substitution levels of waste concrete powder and the aforementioned molar ratio, is attributed to a synthetic reaction with Al₂O₃ present in the waste concrete powder. Analysis of free-CaO content revealed a decrement with increasing substitution rate of waste concrete powder and the molar ratio of SiO₂/(CaO+SiO₂). The outcomes of this study substantiate the viability of fabricating calcium silicate cement clinkers employing waste concrete powder.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.141-157
• /
• 2024

This study analyzes the effect of enterepreneurial competencies on start-up performance through network activities for young entrepreneurs. Enterepreneurial competencies are composed of opportunity recognition competencies, marketing competencies, technical competencies, and creative competencies. A total of 354 questionnaires collected from young entrepreneurs residing in the country were used for empirical analysis. SPSS v28.0 and PROCESS macro v4.3 were analyzed based on the research model of a single-parameter single-mediated model. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that among the enterepreneurial competencies, opportunity recognition competencies, marketing competencies, technical competencies, and creative competencies have a positive (+) significant effect on network activities. Among them, it was found that marketing competence has the greatest effect on network activities and technical competence has the least effect. Second, network activities were found to have a significant effect on start-up performance in a positive (+) direction. Third, among enterepreneurial competencies, opportunity recognition competence, marketing competence, technical competence, and creative competence were found to have a positive (+) effect on start-up performance. Among them, it was found that creative competence had the greatest effect and technical competence had the smallest effect. Fourth, network activities were found to mediate between enterepreneurial competencies and start-up performance. As for the relative effect size of the indirect effects of independent variables, it was found that marketing competence had the greatest effect on start-up performance and technology competence had the smallest effect. The academic implications of this study include investigating the significance and relationship of various variables, providing verification of theoretical frameworks related to entrepreneurship, identifying the main drivers of start-up success, and suggesting the importance of the network between enterepreneurial competencies and start-up performance. In addition, the practical implications of this study suggest the importance of marketing competencies for networking, and suggest differentiation of competencies. It emphasizes the strategic role of creative competence and provides guidance to policymakers for supporting start-ups on customized policies for fostering valuable start-ups.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.191-198
• /
• 2024

To verify the nutritional value and safety of larvae fed with a soymilk residue-added food source, we compared and analyzed the nutritional components of and harmful substances in Tenebrio molitor larvae reared on wheat bran. Crude protein content based on dry weight was 1.2 times higher in the 10% soymilk residue-fed group (SR) (54.0%) than in the wheat bran-fed group (WB) (43.5%). Dietary fiber also tended to be 1.9 times more in the SR (4.9%) than the WB (2.5%). Among unsaturated fatty acids, the linoleic acid content was found to be 1.1-fold higher in the SR (32.9%) than in the WB (29.0%). Potassium, which was the most abundant among the macro minerals, was 1.1-fold more abundant in the WB (1,074.5 mg/100 g) than in the SR (1,014.0 mg/100 g). Among the micro minerals, zinc content was 1.2-fold higher in the SR (14.5 mg/100 g) than in the WB (11.9 mg/100 g). The results of the analysis of hazardous substances in the WB and SR revealed that the amount of heavy metals met the standards for heavy metals in edible insects, and food poisoning-inducing bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. were not detected in all groups. These results indicate that mealworm larvae fed with 10% soymilk residue have abundant nutrients and are safe for intake. Thus, food sources with added soymilk residue has the potential to be used as feed ingredients.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.221-230
• /
• 2024

Pesticide residues were monitored in dried red pepper and pepper powder samples purchased in Northern Gyeonggi-do and from domestic online markets. The QuEChERS method was used to prepare 88 samples. GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS were used to analyze 338 pesticide residues. In the study, pesticide residues were detected in 70 samples (79.5%), with residues exceeding the maximum residue limits (MRL) in 4 samples (4.5%). Pesticide levels exceeded the MRL in imported samples, with two samples of dried red pepper and two samples of pepper powder showing elevated levels. Among the 61 pesticides detected, tebuconazole, a fungicide was most frequently detected (52 times). Tricyclazole, which is used to control the main disease affecting rice, exceeding the MRL in 3 of 12 Vietnam-origin samples. Ethion exceeded the MRL in one Indian-origin sample. Both tricyclazole and ethion are banned for use in pepper products in Korea and are regulated under the positive list system (PLS). Conversely, pesticides detected in domestic samples were within the MRLs. Therefore, authorities should monitor pesticide residues in imported red pepper products.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.673-681
• /
• 2024

This study was conducted to develop kombucha with better functionality. The developed kombucha (CK) was prepared using the sugar extracts from fruits of Cudrania tricuspidata (Carrière) Bureau ex Lavallée instead of the sugar, which is used as a substrate for SCOBY in conventional kombucha (K). During fermentation, the soluble solids content significantly decreased in CK compared to K, and the pH change decreased rapidly in CK compared to K. On the 14^th day of fermentation, the weight of the SCOBY in CK was higher than that in K. Immediately after preparation, K contained only sucrose, but CK contained sucrose, glucose, and fructose. SCOBY appears to use glucose and fructose preferentially during fermentation. K contained acetic acid and citric acid right after preparation. However, as fermentation progressed, the composition changed to acetic acid, citric acid, and lactic acid. At the same time, CK initially consisted of citric acid, lactic acid, and acetic acid. However, acetic acid and citric acid increased but lactic acid decreased significantly on the 14^th day of fermentation. In the cytotoxicity studies, the CK showed a proliferation-promoting effect on normal lung cells (MRC-5) and strong cytotoxicity against human lung cancer cells (A549). These results suggest that the kombucha made from sugar extracts of C. tricuspidata fruits can be used as a more functional beverage than regular kombucha.