• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.107-119
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• 2002

Astrocyte, which shares the greatest part of the brain (about 25%), is a land of glial cell that composes the central nervous system along with microglia, ependymal cell and oligodendroglia. It has 7-9nm of fibers in its cytoplasma, which are composed of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin. As for the functions of the astrocyte, it has, so far, been supposed that the astrocyte will play a cytoskeletal role in maintaining the structure of the cerebrum, play a role as a blood-brain barrier so that it can induce migration of the neuron in its development and substances in the blood cannot go into the nervous tissue, and a role of immunology and phagocytosis. However, it was revealed today that it will be a role in preventing expansion of injury by attaching itself to the connective tissue such as the vessel and the pia mater when the nervous tissue or the arachnoid is injured. Microcurrent stimulation can control current, on the basis of A unit. That is, with such devices using it, it is possible to sense, from the outside, the injured current(wound current) of the lesion and to change it into the normal current, thereby promoting the restoration of the cells. In order to examine the effects of microcurrent stimulation on the injured astrocytes in the rabbits, this study was conducted with 24 New Zealand White Rabbit as its subjects, which were divided into 8 animals of the experiment group and 16 animals of the control group. After the animals in the experiment group were fixed to the stereotaxic apparatus, their hair was removed and their premotor area(association area) perforated by the micro-drill for skull-perforation with the depth of 8mm from the scalp. In one week after the injury, 4 animals in the control group and 8 animals in the experiment group were sacrificed and examined with immunohistochemical method. And in three weeks, the remaining 4 animals in the control group and 8 animals in the experiment group were also sacrificed and examined with the same way. The conclusion has been drawn as follows : In the control group sacrificed in one week after the injury, the astrocytes somewhat increased, compared with the normal animals, and in the group sacrificed in three weeks after the injury, they increased more (p < 0.05). The experiment group A in one week showed a little increase, but there was no significant differences, but the experiment group in three weeks showed more increase, compared with the experiment group in one week (p < 0.05). The experiment group B in one week showed more increase than the control group or the experiment group A, and the experiment group in three weeks showed more increase than the experiment group in one week (p < 0.05). Among the astrocytes, fibrous astrocytes were mostly observed, increasing as they are close to the lesion, and decreasing as they are remote from it. The findings show that microcurrent can cause the astrocytes to proliferate and that it will be more effective to stimulate the cervical part somewhat remote from the lesion rather than to directly stimulate the part of the lesion. Thus, microcurrent stimulation can be one of the methods that can activate the reaction of astrocytes, which is one of the mechanism for treating cerebral injury with hemorrhage. Therefore, this study will be used as basic research data for promoting restoration of functions in the patient with injury in the central nervous system.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.11-19
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the awareness of job task importance and performance of occupational therapists in the community care system for the elderly. Methods : We conducted an online questionnaire survey of 152 occupational therapists nationwide from May 31, to June 24, 2019. General characteristics and institutional awareness, role and performance awareness were analyzed by descriptive statistics. One way ANOVA were conducted to compare the differences of working days, working places, and the field of work. Results : The recognition of the community care system for the elderly was low at 2.93 ± 1.0 but the importance of the community care system was 3.94 ± 0.7 and the importance of the occupational therapist in the system was 4.34 ± 0.7. Fall prevention (4.63 ± 0.7) was the most important in occupational therapist's jobs, and performance was high in instrumental activity daily living training (3.94 ± 0.8) and physical function training (3.94 ± 0.8). Conclusion : This study can be presented as basic data on job task importance and performance awareness of occupational therapists in the elderly community care system. In addition, it is expected to be used as basic data for establishing the role of occupational therapist in the elderly community care system.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.13-21
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• 2017

Purpose : This article was to study mental health status through aggression and stress of children of multicultural families, marriage immigrant and to use them as baseline data. Method : We used questionnaire and collected them from 135 children of multicultural families who live in 2 city and 4 do. Frequency Analysis was used for Demographic Characteristics, t-test and one-way ANOVA for aggression and stress depending on demographic characteristics, and regression analysis for the factors. Result : The first, the total score of aggression of the children of multicultural families was 3.05 and the most high score was verbal aggression, 3.69. Stress was 3.66. The second, there was a significant difference between aggression depending on demographic characteristics and verbal aggression(p=.031) depending on age and anger(p=.011). There was also a significant difference between total aggression(p=.028) depending on economic level and physical aggression(p=.049), verbal aggression(p=.000), anger(p=.036), hostility(p=.042), and stress(p=.011). The third, we analysed the factors affecting aggression of children of multicultural families. There was a significant difference resulting from stepwise regression analysis(F=57.139, p<.001), the results showed a strong explanation of aggression by bad in economic status(p<.01), stress(p<.01), 10 years in age(p<.01), and 13 years in age(p<.01). Conclusion : Aggression depending on demographic characteristics of the children of multicultural families was caused by age, economic level, and stress.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1467-1478
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to develop a curriculum for the oriental clinical nurse specialist program based on the understanding of Korean human beings so as to develop nursing as a profession and promote the client's health. The design of this study was based on literature review and nominal group study. The research was managed by East-West Nursing Research Institute of nursing science college at Kyung Hee University. The research team was composed of 17 professors of nursing departments of oriental medical colleges. We obtained opinions from Oriental Nurses Association, Oriental Nursing Research Association, and professors in oriental medical college. We reviewed articles, curriculums of other clinical nurse specialist programs, medical laws and the curriculum development plan for the oriental clinical nurse specialist program from Korean Nurses Association. We discussed a curriculum thoroughly in numerous meetings. We developed a following curriculum: 1. Educational philosophy was founded on the oriental human view which was based on Chun-In union theory. It was founded on the oriental health view which recognized health being in harmony with nature and the balance of body function with the harmony of Yin-Yang in the five elements. In addition, it was founded on oriental nursing view to promote these health states. 2. Educational goals were to train oriental clinical nurse specialists, oriental nursing educators and oriental nursing researchers who developed knowledge of oriental nursing theory, nursing practice and created a leadership. 3. Curriculum consisted of 48 credits, of which 36 credits are based on lectures and laboratory classes and 12 credits are based on clinical practice. 36 credits consisted of 5 general subject credits and 31 core subject credits. General subjects consisted of nursing theory, nursing research, law and ethics. Students who had earned master's degrees are not required to take the general subjects. Core subjects consisted of 11 subjects such as advanced physical examination and laboratory, oriental nursing theory, original text of oriental nursing, oriental medical nursing, oriental pediatric nursing, oriental gynecologic nursing, oriental gerontologic nursing, oriental pharmacology, oriental constitutional nursing, advanced nursing of channels and acupuncture points and laboratory and oriental rehabilitation nursing and laboratory. In addition, clinical practice in a hospital ward, out patient department, herb prepation room, department of physical therapy and health promotion center in oriental medical hospitals for 12 weeks. To admit this program, students should complete prerequisites of introduction to oriental nursing and nursing of channels and acupuncture points. 4. Course contents of each subjects were developed to include the course's goal and objectives and specific items. 5. Evaluation involved lecture, laboratory and in field practice. We applied various evaluation systems and methods that were based on both knowledge and skills of the students to ensure full credibility and validity.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.22 no.1 s.25
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• pp.136-145
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• 1989

This study made a descriptive analysis of the cumulative amount and rate of sports medical care utilization during the 24th Seoul Olympic Games by the participating athletes, officials, etc. The sports medical care utilization was a component of the total medical care use and was basically caused by the prevention and treatment of sports injuries. The analytic data were derived from the Olympic Health Management Information System(OHMIS) of the SLOOC and the Korea Athlete Trainer Association(KATA). These were analyzed according to the quantity of physician visits and the utilization rate, which was the amount of utilization divided by the total number of participating persons. The results were as follows: Firstly, the sports medical care utilization by the persons participating in the Seoul Olympics amounted to 17.9% of the total medical care utilization. The venue medical services utilization accounted for 54.7% of the total physician visits, which was larger than the village medical center's utilization. The number of physician visits per hundred persons during the 2 week period in the venue clinic was 3.03 and that of the village medical center was 2.51, therefore, the total was 5.54. Secondly, athletes accounted for 82.3% and officials 12.2% in the sports medical care utilization by participants. These results were because athletes, who were directly related to the games, called extremely often on the physicians. The utilization rate of sports medical care by athletes was 34.29. Thirdly, the sports medical demand according to type of therapy could be ranked from high to low in the following order: sports massage, thermal therapy, and electrical stimulation treatment, etc. The department of physical therapy in the village medical center was used a great deal. Fourthly, the trend of daily sports medical care utilization by the athletes showed a bell shape centering around the opening day of the Seoul Olympic Games. The utilization rate of athletes was 2.3; however, that of officials was 0.6. Lastly, the sports medical demand was calculated according to the continents, and Central America, Africa and Middle-East Asia proved to have a higher rate of sports medical care utilization than the more powerful and industrialized continent or regions.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.135-157
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• 2024

In this study, the authors developed and implemented an online music-based support program to prevent burnout among university hospital nurses. This study involved 40 nurses from three university hospitals who shared their subjective experiences after participating in 8 music-based non-simultaneous online sessions. The responses were collected as qualitative data and analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. The analysis identified 66 meaning units, 10 themes, and 3 categories, which included: 'Recovery of physical and psychological stability', 'Self-care and acceptance', and 'Rediscovery of pride and meaning as a nurse'. This study is significant for exploring the experiences of university hospital nurses who participated in a remotely implemented music-based psycho-emotional support program, with respect to burnout prevention. For future directions, we suggest a more in-depth exploration of specific burnout factors and an expansion of research through the diversification of research methods to refine programs aimed at alleviating nurse burnout.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.14-29
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• 2020

Dietary nitrate supplementation from green leafy vegetables and beetroot is involved in the 'nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide (NO) pathway' and is reported to have important vascular impacts. This study evaluated the blood parameters and blood flow change subsequent to a raw juice diet program. The 28 subjects who voluntarily participated in the raw juice diet program at Sahmyook University were instructed to drink the juice composed of fruits and vegetables instead of partaking the usual meal, at a scheduled time daily. The study was approved by the research ethics council of the Sahmyook University (SYUIRB 2014-043). Evaluation of the participants after the required duration revealed decreased levels of soft lean mass (P<0.05), skeletal muscle mass (P<0.001), body fat mass (P<0.001), body mass index (P<0.001) and circulating levels of total cholesterol (P<0.001), triglycerides (P<0.05), HDL-cholesterol (P<0.01), LDL-cholesterol (P<0.01), and blood urea nitrogen (P<0.001). Conversely, circulating levels of creatinine (P<0.001), hemoglobin (P<0.001), and hematocrit (P<0.01) were increased after the intervention. The blood flow levels were also increased after the program (P<0.001). Our results indicate that a short-term raw juice diet contributes to the improvement of vascular blood flow and blood lipid parameters, and decreases the lean muscle mass related to dehydration.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2008

Medical verification of cancer diagnosis in insurance claims is a very important procedure in insurance administrations. Claims staffs are in need of medical experts' opinions about claim administration. This procedure is called medical claim review (MCR) and is composed of verification and advice. MCR verification evaluates the insured’s physical condition by medical records and compares it with product coverage. It is divided into assessment of living assurance benefit, verification of cancer, and assessment of the cause of death. Actually cancer verification of MCR is applicable to coding because the risk ratio in product development is usually coded data. There are some confusing neoplastic diseases in assessing the verification of cancer. This article reviews gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue tumors (MALToma) of the stomach. The second most common group of stromal or mesenchymal neoplasms affecting the gastrointestinal tract is GIST. Nowadays there are many articles about the pathophysiology of GIST. However there are few confirmative theories except molecular cell biology of KIT mutation and some tyrosine kinase. Therefore, coding the GIST, which has previously been classified as an intermediate risk group according to NIH2001 criteria, for cancer verification of MCR is suitable for D37.1; neoplasm of uncertain or unknown behavior of digestive organs and the stomach. The gastrointestinal tract is the predominant site of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. B-cell lymphomas of the MALT type, now called extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type in the REAL/WHO classification, are the most common primary gastric lymphomas worldwide. Its characteristics are as follows. First, it is different from traditional stomach cancers such as gastric adenocarcinoma. Second, the primary therapy of MALToma is the eradication of H. pylori by antibiotics and the remission rate is over 80%. Third, it has a different clinical course compared to traditional malignant lymphoma. Someone insisted that cancer verification is not possible for the above reasons. However, there have been findings on pathologic mechanism, and according to WHO classification, MALToma is classified into malignant B-cell lymphoma and it must be verified as malignancy in MCR.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.269-276
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate validation of the School Function Assessment(SFA) for Korean Version using Rasch analysis. The subjects were recruited 98 students with disabilities in Seoul, Kyoung-Ki, Chung-cheung. The data were analysed using Rasch analysis to investigate unidimensionality and rating scale model. The 4 items out of SFA Part II were found to be misfts. The 18 items out of physical tasks, the 14 items out of cognitive/behavioral tasks in Part III were found to be misfit. All rating scale in SFA was appropriate. Further studies are needed to investigate validity and criterion cut-off score for many students with disabilities.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2013

Purpose: Spirituality is an important domain and is related with physical and psychological symptoms in terminal cancer patient. The aim of this study is to examine how patients' spirituality is associated with their physical and psychological symptoms as it has been explored by few studies. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 50 patients in the palliative ward of a tertiary hospital were interviewed. Spiritual well-being, depression, anxiety and pain is measured by Functional Assessment of Chronic-Illness Therapy-Spirituality (FACIT-Sp), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and the Korean version of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI-K). The correlations between patients' spiritual well-being and anxiety, depression and pain were analysed. The association between spiritual well-being and age, gender, palliative performance scale (PPS), religion, mean pain intensity, anxiety, depression were assessed by univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Results: Spiritual well-being was negatively correlated with the mean pain intensity (r=-0.283, P<0.05), anxiety (r=-0.613, P<0.05) and depression (r=-0.526, P<0.05). In multivariate regression analysis, spiritual well-being showed negative association with anxiety (OR=-1.03, 95% CI=-1.657~-0.403, P=0.002) and positive association with the existence of religion (OR=9.193, 95% CI=4.158~14.229, P<0.001). Conclusion: In this study, patients' anxiety and existence of religion were significantly associated with spiritual well-being after adjusting age, gender, PPS, mean pain intensity, depression. Prospective studies are warranted.