• Smart Media Journal
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2024

In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, modern society is evolving beyond an information society into a hyperconnected society, with the advancement of technology leading to the development of smart cities. According to Cohen (2015), the direction of smart city evolution is shifting from a technology-driven approach to a citizen co-creation model, and living labs play a crucial role in this transition. The objective of this study is to empirically analyze the success factors of living labs in smart cities using the citizen co-creation approach, focusing on social capital. Social capital is measured by variables such as interest, networks, trust, and norms, while the success factors of living labs are analyzed through variables like communication, democracy (conflict acceptance), and open innovation. The analysis results showed that, among the success factors of living labs, communication was positively influenced by trust, norms, and networks, with trust having the greatest impact. Democracy (conflict acceptance) was positively influenced by norms and interest, while open innovation was positively influenced by norms and interest as well. This study concludes that the formation of social capital is crucial for the success of living labs in smart cities following the citizen co-creation model. In particular, the formation of trust among neighbors, colleagues, national and local governments is vital. Additionally, adherence to laws, regulations, and community agreements, as well as interest in various local events and policies, are essential. Based on these findings, this study suggests that while smart cities may have originated from technology, they must ultimately be pursued based on people-centered participation, interest, and trust for sustainable development.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2004

In this paper we explicitly compute the orders of ambiguous ideal class groups of layers of the basic ${\mathbb{Z}}_3-extension$ of certain cubic fields and give an example for Greenberg's conjecture.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.137-159
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• 2013

It is studied the linear combinations of composition operators on the Banach space of bounded harmonic functions on the open unit disk. We determine the essential norm of them.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.20-23
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• 1986

The singing arts of Chinese opuses are rich and colourful. Every race, region, provine, even the country has their local favour opera and special singing norms. In this paper I can only report in the main, about 50 goners. (omitted)

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.613-624
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• 2000

We characterize a condition for M to be of weak type ($\Phi$1, $\Phi$2) in terms of Orlicz norms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.29-32
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• 2002

We consider the question whether, for given fuzzy numbers, there are different Pairs of f-norm such that the resulting membership function within the extension principle under addition are identical. Some examples are given.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.619-634
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• 2023

This paper considers a parabolic-hyperbolic-hyperbolic type chemotaxis system in ℝ^d, d ≥ 3, describing tumor-induced angiogenesis. The global existence result and temporal decay estimate for a unique mild solution are established under the assumption that some Sobolev norms of initial data are sufficiently small.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2019

Purpose - This study aims to explore the impact of factors on Korean consumer goods purchase decision of Vietnam's Generation Z. Research design, data, and methodology - A mixed research method was utilized in this study including focus group, in-depth interview, pilot study, and official study. The conceptual model and hypothesis were tested using data collected cross-sectional by questionnaire, from a sample of 439 respondents, by both electronic and paper surveys with non-probability and convenience sampling. The SPSS 20 and AMOS 20 software were employed to analyze the data. Results - Results showed that Vietnam's Generation Z was strongly impacted by social media, Hallyu, country of origin, social norms, and perceived usefulness. Besides, Korean consumer goods purchase decision of Vietnam's Generation Z also were impacted by intermediary factors such as trust, social norms, product involvement, perceived quality, perceived usefulness, attitude, and buying intention. There were differences in factors affecting the purchase decision of the boy and girl Generation Z group. Conclusions - The factors impacting on Korean consumer goods decision of Vietnam's Generation Z are very important for Korean firms and government. The findings provide Korean firms opportunity for appropriate to be carried out factors impacting Korean consumer goods to generation Z in Vietnam successful.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.267-275
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• 2005

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by sleep-induced obstruction of the upper airway that results in cessation of airflow. Obstruction can occur at a number of points in the airway, but frequently in the oropharynx. A diagnostic evaluation includes cephalometry, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, acoustic reflection technique, polysomnography and fibroptic endoscopy. Cephalometric measurements of the patients with obstructive sleep apnea have revealed that posterior airway anatomy has strong relations with the symptoms of them. A lateral cephalogram is routinely obtained in the radiologic evaluation of sleep apnea patients. The purpose of this study is to provide a the lateral cephalometric korean norms for the diagnosis and treatment of the patients with obstructive sleep apnea by analyzing the abnormal occlusion of Korean adults.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.593-605
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• 2002

Explicit hounds are obtained for the perturbed, or corrected, trapezoidal and midpoint rules in terms of the Lebesque norms of the second derivative of the function. It is demonstrated that the bounds obtained are the same for both rules although the perturbation or the correction term is different.