• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.128-132
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• 2007

We identified a microsatellite marker, Poli121TUF, which appears to be significantly linked (P<0.001) with a lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV)-resistance gene in the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. The olive flounder is an economically important food fish, that is widely cultured in Korea, Japan, and China. Lymphocystis disease has spread in these countries and has seriously reduced the economic value of the fish. LCDV causes lymphocystis cells (LC) to form on the body surface, fins, gills, mouth, and intestine. Fish with LC lose commercial value due to their deformed appearance. The identified micro satellite marker can be used as a candidate locus for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in order to enhance the efficiency of selection for LCDV resistance in the olive flounder.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.36-43
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• 2015

We examined sensory characteristics to determine the optimal conditions for flounder Verasper moseri Jordan et Gilbert sikhe preparation, using response surface methodology. Our aim was to develop the optimum mixing rates and materials for producing highly palatable flounder sikhe. The optimal fermentation temperature, salt concentration, and fermentation period for preparing flounder sikhe of acceptable quality were $11.63^{\circ}C$, 4.66% and 9.12 days, respectively. The optimal percentages of red pepper powder, garlic, monosodium glutamate, ginger, radish and foxtail millet were 16.08%, 7.21%, 2.96%, 3.70%, 10.12% and 13.72% respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.502-507
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• 1999

Albinism is a phenomenon that color of the body surface is changed to white or faint brown from the specific color to the species by difficiency of pigments due to mutation or disease. This study was undertaken to investigate the experimental basis on the appearance of albinism in cultured flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. The skin and muscle, from the normal and albinic flounder were used by measuring contents of lipid and fatty acid, Contents of lipid and fatty acid in the skin and muscle are different from normal and albinic flounder. Contents of lipid in the skin were higher than those of muscle from flounder. The major fatty acids in both skin and muscle were palmitic acid, oleic acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA).

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2005

Effects of the commercially available or formulated extruded pellets (EP) and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) on growth and body composition of flounder Paralichthys olivaceus L. were evaluated on commercial scale for 10 months. Survivals of flounder fed the MP, EP 1 and EP3 were not significantly different from those of fish fed the EP2 or EP5, but significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish fed the EP4. Weight gain of fish fed the MP was not significantly different from that of fish fed the EP3 and EP5, but significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish fed the EP1, EP2 or EP4. Improvement in weight gain of flounder fed the high lipid diets (EP1, EP2, EP3) compared to low lipid diet (EP4) in the $55\%$ protein level, and weight gain of fish fed the high lipid diet (MP) compared to low lipid diet (EP5) in the $61\%$ protein level indicated protein-sparing effect of lipid. FER for flounder fed the EP3. which was not significantly different from that for fish fed the EP1 or EP5 was significantly (P<0.05) higher thar. that for fish fed the EP2, EP4 and MP. FER significantly (P<0.05) changed over time. CF of flounder fed the MP was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish fed EP1 or EP4. Moisture content of dorsal muscle in flounder fed the EP2 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in fish fed the EP1 or EP4. Crude protein content of dorsal. muscle in flounder fed the EP1, EP4 and EP5 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in fish fed the EP2. How- ever, crude lipid content of dorsal muscle, and moisture, crude protein and crude lipid content of liver in flounder was not significantly different among the diets. In considering performance of flounder, it can be concluded that the use of EP3 and EP5 is more recommendable than the MP, which commonly used in flounder farm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.583-594
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• 2014

This study was performed to estimate biomass and provide management guidance through population ecological characteristics, including growth parameters, instantaneous coefficients of natural and fishing mortalities, and age at first capture of the starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus and olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus of Korea. For describing growth of this species, a von Bertalanffy growth model was adopted. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated from a non-linear regression for starry flounder were $L_{{\infty}}=48.25cm$, K=0.16/yr, and $t_0=-1.48$, respectively and those for olive flounder were $L_{{\infty}}=86.46cm$, K=0.26/yr, and $t_0=-0.29$, respectively. Biomass of Platichthys stellatus was estimated by direct biomass estimation method was 2.6 M/T, that was estimated by indirect method was 13.4 M/Tt. Those of Paralichthys olivaceus were estimated as 10.1 M/T, 19.3 M/T, respectively. An yield per recruit analysis showed that the current yield per recruit on Platichthys stellatus was about 48.2 g with F=0.646/yr and the age at first capture ($t_c$) 1.35yr, that on Paralichthys olivaceus was about 167.6 g with F=1.121/yr and the age at first capture ($t_c$) 1yr.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.628-636
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• 2020

Streptococcosis in the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus can be caused by Streptococcus parauberis. We compared three routes of administration for experimental injections of the S. parauberis 19FBSPa0003 strain in the olive flounder. Pathological changes were observed during the experimental infection. Inflammation of the serous membrane in the liver, intestine, spleen and heart was the major pathological change found in the infected olive flounder. No mortality was observed in fish that received intraperitoneal (IP) injection at less than 1×10⁴ colony-forming unit (CFU)/fish. The lethal dose 50 for olive flounder, given an intravenous (IV) injection, was 7.94×10⁴ CFU/fish. Fish with a higher concentration of IV injected S. parauberis (1×10⁸ CFU/fish) died within a maximum of two days. However, serious necrosis and bacterial proliferation in ellipsoidal cells of the spleen and heart tissues were found in moribund or dead fish, 1-2 days after IV injection. Similar histopathological signs were observed in olive flounder inoculated by subcutaneous (SC) infected and naturally infected. In addition, SC was also strongly associated with bacteria concentration and cumulative mortality rate. Based on these results, SC is the recommended method for artificial infection by S. parauberis in the olive flounder.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.224-231
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• 2009

Volatile components in Olive Flounder fed diets containing 0, 2,5, 5.0, and 7.5% yuza (Citrus junas Sieb ex Tanaka) for 4 months were investigated. Samples were extracted by solid-phase micro extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Among 89 compounds detected, 82 were positively identified. Volatile compounds of Olive Flounder fed the unsupplemented diet comprised 12 acids, 10 alcohols, eight aldehydes, five aromatic compounds, nine esters, 12 hydrocarbons, four ketones, two monoterpenes, and one miscellaneous compound. Compounds identified in Olive Flounder fed the yuza-supplemented diets consisted of 10 esters, 11 monoterpenes, 13 sesquiterpenes, and two miscellaneous compounds, with the other compounds being the same as in the control. The most abundant class of compounds in flounders fed the yuza-supplemented diet was the monoterpenes, which included limonene, $\beta$-terpinene, $\beta$-trans-ocimene, and $\alpha$-terpinolene. Of the 13 sesquiterpenes identified in flounder fed the yuza-supplemented diet, bicyclogermacrene was the major volatile compound followed by allo-aromadendrene, trans-caryophyllene, and $\delta$-cadinene. Bicyclogermacrene and germacrene D content increased significantly as the yuza supplementation increased.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.611-621
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• 2014

A nationwide survey was conducted to study the rate of Kudoa septempunctata parasitization in cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, in Korea in 2013. Of 1107 olive flounder sampled randomly from 89 culture farms in five different regions in Korea, K. septempunctata was detected only in Jeju, where 10 of 318 fish (3.14%) were PCR positive, with genomic concentrations of $4.67{\times}10^5$ to $1.48{\times}10^{11}$ rDNA copies/g by real-time PCR. Of the ten Kudoapositive fish, K. septempunctata spores with 5-7 polar capsules were detected only in four fish. No samples of K. septempunctata were detected in olive flounder from the other regions surveyed. Furthermore, K. septempunctata was not detected in 326 samples of olive flounder seeds sampled from 39 hatcheries in seven different regions in Korea. Therefore, the parasite infection is restricted to Jeju and K. septempunctata infection is not spread from hatcheries.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.689-695
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• 2013

Flounder Verasper moseri Jordan et Gilberu sikhae is a traditional salt-fermented food in Korea. We investigated the optimal processing conditions for desirable quality-controlled flounder sikhae by analyzing the physiochemical properties, microbiological species, and organoleptic properties. The optimal fermentation temperature, salt concentration, and fermentation period for preparing flounder sikhae of acceptable quality were $10^{\circ}C$, 4%, and 14 days, respectively. The amino-N and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) contents of rhe acceptable quality flounder sikhae were 243.65 mg/100 g and 44.25 mg/100 g, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.492-497
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• 2004

Waste concentration and waste generation rate in seawater aquaria by common conger (Astrocongey myriaster) and olive flounder (Paralichyhus olivaceus) were investigated. The initial fish density of common conger and olive flounder were $3{\%}\;and \;2.8{\%}$ of total weight of aquarium water, respectively Wastes in the seawater aquaria, such as protein, total suspended solid (TSS), ammonia, turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased with days after stocking. Protein generation rate of common conger increased until 1 day after stocking while that of olive flounder increased until 3 days. The average protein generation rates of common conger and olive flounder were $0.28g/kg{\cdot}day\;and\;0.21g/kg{\cdot}day$, respectively. The trends of other waste generation rate were similar to protein generation rate.