• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.181-186
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• 2017

With advances in the methods of cancer treatment used in modern medicine, the number of breast cancer survivors has been consistently rising. As the number of women who wish to become pregnant after being diagnosed with breast cancer increases, it is necessary to consider fertility preservation in these patients. However, medical doctors may be unaware of the importance of fertility preservation among cancer patients because most patients do not share their concerns about fertility with their doctors. Considering the time spent choosing and undergoing treatment, an early referral to a reproductive specialist is the best way to prevent a delay in cancer treatment. Since it is not easy to make decisions on matters related to cancer diagnosis and fertility, patients should be provided with enough time for decision-making, and to allow for this, an early referral will provide patients with sufficient time to choose an appropriate method of fertility preservation. The currently available options of fertility preservation for patients with breast cancer include cryopreservation of embryos, oocytes, and ovarian tissue and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment before and during chemotherapy. An appropriate method of fertility preservation must be selected through consultations between individual patients and health professionals and analyses of the pros and cons of different options.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1985

육용종계의 수정률을 향상시키기 위한 기초연구로서 산란능력과 수정율간의 상관관계를 분석하기 위하여 GPS 5계통을 가지고 실험한 결과 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1. 30주령에서 60주령까지의 평균산란율은 60.5-65.2%를 나타냈고 평균수정율과 평균란중은 각각 82.7-87.9%, 61.79-64.79$\ell$을 나타냈으며 산란율과 수정율은 일정한 주령에서 최대점을 나타내고 이후 감소하는 양상을 나타냈다.

• 한국인구학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국인구학회 2006년도 후기학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.59-87
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• 2006

본 연구의 주된 목적은 IMF 외환위기를 계기로 하여 사회경제적 차별출산의 양상이 어떻게 변화하였는가를 파악하는 것이다. 이 연구에서는 2003년 전국출산력조사 자료를 활용하여 20-49세 기혼 여자의 총출생아수와 1998년 이후의 출생아수에 대한 비교분석이 이루어 졌다. 또한, 분석대상을 1997년 이전에 결혼하였거나 재혼한 부인들과 1997년 이후 처음 결혼한 부인들의 두 집단으로 구분하여 출산력 수준과 출산행태를 비교함으로써 IMF 외환위기 이전과 이후의 변화양상을 파악하고자 시도하였다. 총 출생아수에 대한 분석 결과, 부부의 교육수준, 직업, 종사상 지위 등의 사회경제적인 조건과 출산수준은 대체로 뒤집어진 J 자형의 관계를 유지하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 즉 사회경제적 지위가 가장 높은 집단은 바로 밑의 집단보다 출산수준이 상대적으로 높았다. 그런데, 최근의 출산수준은 이러한 사회경제적 차별출산과는 뚜렷하게 대조적인 양상을 나타냈다. IMF 외환위기 이후 출산수준 감소의 폭은 기존의 출산수준과 정비례하는 방식으로 이루어졌다. 출산수준이 높은 집단일수록 급속한 출산력 저하가 이루어졌으며, 출산수준이 낮은 집단에서는 상대적으로 변화가 완만하였다. 그 결과, 최근의 출산수준은 중상층에 해당하는 사회경제적 지위를 지닌 집단이 가장 높고 다음이 최상위 집단, 그리고 하위 집단의 순으로 바뀌었다. 이러한 경향은 부부의 교육수준, 직업, 종사상 지위, 주관적 계층에 따른 최근 출산력의 변화양상에서 일관적으로 나타났다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.339-347
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• 2014

This paper was examined socio-demographic characteristics influencing married women's fertility plans in Korea. Few studies have focused on fertility plans by using census data, and therefore this study employs 2010 census 2% sample data. It focuses on differential characteristics influencing not only whether women have plans for additional children but also how many additional children women plan to have. Women's age, age at marriage, employment status, number of children, and number of sons are consistently associated with their fertility plans and planned number of additional children. The educational level is positively related to plans for additional children for both men and women, and the effect weakens or disappears with an increase in the planned number of additional children. The result showing consistent positive effect of the number of sons reflects son preference in Korea. Positive effects of women's high educational attainment and employment status on fertility plans may reflect the importance of economic stability but requires further research.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2014

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI) technique compared with conventional ICSI and previous ICSI attempts in oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia (OAT) patients. Methods: The sperms were selected under high magnification ($6,600{\times}$) and used to induce fertilization in previous ICSI patients by IMSI. These results were compared with previous conventional ICSI cycles in patients with OAT infertility. Results: These results demonstrated no significant difference in the fertilization rate between IMSI and previous ICSI cycles (67.7% vs. 65.0%). However, the pregnancy and implantation rates with IMSI were significantly higher than those of the ICSI cycles (33.3% vs. 12.5% and 14.6% vs. 5.4%, respectively; p<0.05). The miscarriage rate among pregnant patients (18.2% vs. 37.5%) showed no statistically significant difference between groups. Conclusion: Compared to conventional ICSI, this study found that IMSI increased the IVF-ET success rates in patients with OAT.

• 한국인구학
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.113-137
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• 2009

이 논문의 목적은 족보에 나타난 생몰 기록을 근거로 조선후기의 사망력, 출산력, 인구 증가율을 추정하는 것이다. 족보에서 파악되 양반 남성의 사망력 수준을 식민지기 사망력 추계 및 모델 생명표를 이용해 전체 인구의 사망력으로 변환한 결과 18, 19세기 우리나라 남성의 출생시 기대여명은 23세로 추정되었다. 족보에서 계산된 양반 여성의 출산력 수준으로부터 여성 초혼 연령 및 식민지기 출산력 추계를 이용해서 전체 인구의 출산력을 추정한 결과는 조선 후기의 합계 출산율이 6.81이었음을 알려주었다. 추정된 조선 후기 사망력 및 출산력 지표를 안정 인구를 묘사하는 방정식에 대입해서 추정한 18, 19세기의 인구 증가율은 0.62%였다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.5-16
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• 1978

The main purpose of this study is to examine the recent level of fertility and potentiality of the Korean population in Japan and to investigate some forces which influence the fertility of them using survey data. Some estimates of the level of fertility for the Korean population in Japan in 1974 are presented in Table 1. Comparing the some estimates for 1974 with those for 1969, the level of fertility in 1974 was realistically declined. It also indicated that potentiality of Koreans in Japan showed decreasing population. For investigating some factors affecting fertility, total births is selected which regressed on some variables believed in general to be influential in determiaing fertility. It was used a step-wise multiple regression to determine the independent as well as the combined effects of each of the variables. The SPSS computer program was used to perform the anlysis. Result from this data reveals that wife's family size preference as relevant predictor does influence the fertility of Koreans in Japan at this point considering that the age group of 20-29 is very much related. By employing multiple classification analysis, the analysis is concluded by nothing that the wi 3 family size preference has an even stronger relationship with economic factors than any other facto 3.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2020

Endometrial cancer (EC) in young women tends to be early-stage and low-grade; therefore, such cases have good prognoses. Fertility-sparing treatment with progestin is a potential alternative to definitive treatment (i.e., total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic washing, and/or lymphadenectomy) for selected patients. However, no evidence-based consensus or guidelines yet exist, and this topic is subject to much debate. Generally, the ideal candidates for fertility-sparing treatment have been suggested to be young women with grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma confined to the endometrium. Magnetic resonance imaging should be performed to rule out myometrial invasion and extrauterine disease before initiating fertility-sparing treatment. Although various fertility-sparing treatment methods exist, including the levonorgestrel-intrauterine system, metformin, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, photodynamic therapy, and hysteroscopic resection, the most common method is high-dose oral progestin (medroxyprogesterone acetate at 500-600 mg daily or megestrol acetate at 160 mg daily). During treatment, re-evaluation of the endometrium with dilation and curettage at 3 months is recommended. Although no consensus exists regarding the ideal duration of maintenance treatment after achieving regression, it is reasonable to consider maintaining the progestin therapy until pregnancy with individualization. According to the literature, the ovarian stimulation drugs used for fertility treatments appear safe. Hysterectomy should be performed after childbearing, and hysterectomy without oophorectomy can also be considered for young women. The available evidence suggests that fertility-sparing treatment is effective and does not appear to worsen the prognosis. If an eligible patient strongly desires fertility despite the risk of recurrence, the clinician should consider fertility-sparing treatment with close follow-up.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 여성의 경제활동참가율과 가족정책변수, 양성평등가치변수가 출산율에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 것이다. 이를 위해 1990년부터 2019년까지 30년 간 OECD회원국의 출산율 자료와 UNDP 자료, World Value Survey 자료를 시계열로 결합한 패널데이터를 분석하였다. 종속변수인 출산율에 영향을 미치는 독립변수는 1단계에서 여성의 경제활동참가율과 통제변수를 투입하였고, 가족정책변수, 양성 평등가치변수 순으로 변수를 추가하면서 각 변수들의 변화를 비교하였다. 주요 분석 결과 첫째, 여성의 경제활동참가율은 각 모형에서 출산율에 양의 영향을 보였다. 즉, 여성의 경제활동참가로 인해 출산율이 감소되는 현상이 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 가족정책변수인 부성 출산휴가기간이 출산율에 정적 영향을, 모성 출산휴가기간이 부적 영향을 미치는 상반된 효과를 보였다. 셋째, 양성평등가치변수인 성불평등지수가 높은 국가에서 출산율이 높았다. 또한 성평등 가치 수준이 높은 국가일수록 출산율이 낮았으며, 성평등 가치관을 3개 하위지표로 분리하여 분석했을 때 대학교육의 중요성에 양성 평등한 가치를 보일수록 출산율이 낮았다. 여성의 경제활동참가율이 출산율에 정적 영향을 미친 결과는 경제활동이 저출산의 원인이 아니며, 경제활동참여와 출산율이 동시에 상승할 수 있음을 보여준다. 또한 남녀의 출산휴가와 같은 정책적 지원, 그리고 남녀의 성평등 가치가 출산율을 조절할 수 있는 요인임이 확인되었다. 따라서 출산율은 가족의 시간, 소득 등 자원에 대한 배분과 관리, 자녀양육분담의 차원에서 이루어지는 의사결정이나 이를 지원하는 가족정책과 성평등 가치가 통용되는 사회적 기반 위에서 제고될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.67-78
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• 1986

With Economic Development Plan, the Korean National Family Plan Program was introduced in early 1960's. The program, which has been a way for constraining population increase, has obtained excellent results. In other word, it has had an important role in controlling the increase in population. The purpose of this study is to analyze the change of fertility rates since 1970 and the lever of completed fertility of Korean women since 1960. There are Age-specific Fertility Rate(ASFR), Total Fertility Rate(TFR), Gross Reproduction Rate(GRR) and Net Reproduction Rate(NRR) etc. in indices of period fertility. It is also possible to be seen the completed fertility rates by using Parity Progression Ratio. The data necessary for this study were obtained from Population & Housing Census Report from the year of 1960 to 1980 and Vital Statistics from 1980 to 1984, which conducted by Economic Planning Board, Republic of Korea. The summarized results of this study were as follows : 1. Age-specific Fertility Fertility Rate(ASFR) has been continuously decreasing till now. The ASFR for the women aged 25 to 29 was higher than those of any other groups and the ASFR for the women aged 20 to 24 was higher than that of the women aged 30 to 34 since the mid 1970's. 2. There are Total Fertility Rate(TFR), Gross Reproduction Rate(GRR) and Ney Reproduction Rate(NRR) etc. in reproduction rates. First of all, TFR and GRR have been declining except late of 1970's and TFR showed 2.23 per ever-married women, GRR was 1.05 in 1982. Next, the change of NRR could not be found without life table by year and only NRR for the time of census was to be found. In 1980, NRR showed 1.27 per ever-married women and the level was still out of reach at replacement level of population. 3. Specific Fertility Rate by Birth Order(SFRBO) showed to be declined continually since 1972. Especially the SFRBO of the third live birth was decreased from about 22 per 1,000 ever-married women in 1972 to 12 or so in 1982. 4. To know the level of completed fertility, the mean number of completed live births per ever-married women was calculated from 1960 to 1980. The number of completed live births was more than 5 per ever-married women by the year of 1975 but have been declining and resulted in 4.69 in 1980.