• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.342-346
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• 2006

Anatomical characters of the Bupleurum latissimum Nakai, an endemic species of Korea, were investigated to confirm its phylogenetic relationships. Compare to other species with anatomical characters, B. latissimum is very similar with B, euphorbioides and B, longeradiatum in point of lacking of pith in the stem, shape of involucres, number of vascular bundles in radical leaf and cauline leaf, and lacking stomata in adaxial leaf surface. The other hand, protruded pollen aperture character appears in B. latissimum and B. euphorbioides. On the based of anatomical characters, therefore, B. latissimum has closest relationships with B. euphorbioides and B. longeradiatum. It also needs molecular study including Asian species in order to confirm phylogenetic position and speciation process apparently.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.121-131
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• 2004

This experiment was executed to control effectively endemic disease of swine farms in Incheon metropolitan city. Mainly using PigMon program which had been developed by the College of Veterinary Medicine in the University of Minnesota(USA), we examined lesions of gastric ulcer and interstitial nephritis additionally. 446 heads of pigs shipped from 5 farms in Incheon to a slaughterhouse from June in 2003 to May in 2004 were examined. Infection rates by farms were obtained as follows; 1. Pneumonia was varied from 34.6% to 74.1% and pneumonic score was 1.47∼7.06. As for atrophic rhinitis, four farms were 100% and one farm was 89.5% and rhinitis score was 1.3∼3.2. 2. The infection rate of pericarditis and peritonitis was 1.0∼3.9% and liver white spots, papular dermatitis were observed in pigs of 9.8∼29.7%, 16.7∼51.4% respectively. 3. The outbreak rates of interstitial nephritis, lesions of ileal thickening and gastric ulcer were 15.4∼24.1%, 7.7∼13.5%, and 62.7%∼86.2% respectively.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.309-338
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• 2003

China, the largest country in East Asia, has a pteridoflora of over 2000 species, belonging to about 220 genera in 63 families. There are about 28 East Asiatic genera of Pteridophytes and 6 genera specifically endemic to China. Most of these genera are oligotypic or monotypic groups. Five distribution patterns of the East Asiatic genera are distinguished, i.e., I. Sino-Himalayan type, 10 genera; II. Sino-Japanese type, 4 genera; III. Japan-Himalayan type, 6 genera; IV. Temperate East Asiatic type, 3 genera; and V. Tropical East Asiatic type, 5 genera. The Chinese endemic genera are mainly distributed in southwestern China. The distribution, ecology, taxonomy, and systematics of these genera are discussed.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.273-275
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• 2011

Praziquantel is the drug of choice for clonorchiasis. Since clonorchiasis is endemic in most river basins, praziquantel has been widely used for 30 years in Korea. A 54-year-old Korean woman suffered from hypersensitive reactions, such as nausea, dyspnea, rash, and urticaria after taking the first dose of praziquantel to treat clonorchiasis. She ingested one dose again and the same symptoms appeared, and she was treated at a clinic with anti-histamines. She tried one more dose with anti-histamines but found the same symptoms. Later, she was found to pass eggs of Clonorchis sinensis and medicated with flubendazole. The hypersensitive reaction to praziquantel is rare but occurs. This is the 5th case report in the world.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2000

Follow-up studies have been conducted every three years on the endemicity of Gymnophalloides seoi infection in a small coastal village of Chollanam-do (Province), Korea, since it was first known as an endemic area in 1994. Special attention was given to its egg laying capacity in the human host. In fecal examinations, the overall helminth egg and/or cyst positive rate was 78.7% (74/94) in 1997 and 76.6% (82/107) in 2000. Among them G. seoi eggs showed the highest rate; 71.3% (67/94) in 1997 and 72.0% (77/107) in 2000. The average number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) was 1,015 in 1997, while a reduced rate of 353 was observed in 2000. In 1997, total of 320,677 adult flukes of G. seoi (av. 10,344/person, 94-69,125 in range) were collected from the diarrheic stools of 31 treated patients. The EPG/worm obtained from 21 cases ranged from 0.04 to 0.77 (av. 0.23), suggesting density-dependent constraints on the worm fecundity. The relationship between the worm burden (X) and EPG/worm (Y) can be expressed as $Y=0.42{\cdot}e{\cdot}^{-l.2x}(r=0.49)$. The results showed that G. seoi infection is persistently endemic in this village.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.367-372
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• 2006

In order to determine the distribution and prevalence of human cryptosporidiosis on western and southern coastal islands of Jeollanam-do (Province), fecal samples were collected from 2,541 people residing on 25 islands, 13 in the western coasts and 12 in the southern coasts, during July and August 2000. Fecal smears were prepared following formalin-ether sedimentation of the samples and stained by a modified acid-fast procedure. The presence of Cyptosporidium oocysts was determined by light microscopy. Cyptosporidium oocysts were detected in 38 specimens (1.5%). The oocyst positive rate varied (0-6.0%) according to island; the highest was detected on Oenarodo (6.0%), followed by Naenarodo (5.6%) and Nakwoldo (5.4%). The majority (35 persons, 94.6%) of Cryptosporidium-infected individuals were older than 50 years of age. Men (22/1, 159; 1.9%) were infected at a higher rate than women (16/1, 382; 1.2%). The results of the present survey indicate that human Cyptosporidium infections (due to Cyptosporidium hominis and/or C. parvum) are maintained at a relatively low prevalence on coastal islands of Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.285-288
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• 2008

To examine the infection status of freshwater fish with Gnathostoma spp. larvae in Myanmar, we purchased 15 snakeheads, Channa striatus, from a local market in a suburban area of Naypyidaw, the new capital city. Two larval gnathostomes were collected using an artificial digestion technique, and observed by a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The size of an intact larva was 2.65 mm long and 0.32 mm wide. The characteristic morphology of the larvae included the presence of a long esophagus (0.80 mm long), 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.43 mm long), and a characteristic head bulb with 4 rows of hooklets. The number of hooklets in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th row was 45, 48, 50, and 52, respectively. Based on these morphological characters, the larvae were identified as the advanced 3rd-stage larvae of Gnathostoma spinigerum. This is the first report of detection of G. spinigerum 3rd-stage larvae in the central part of Myanmar. Our study suggests that intake of raw meat of snakehead fish in Myanmar may result in human gnathostomiasis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2007

A total of 1,496 rodents and insectivores were live-trapped at Yeoncheon-gun (n = 351), Paju-shi (804), and Pocheon-gun (343), Gyeonggi-do (Province), and examined for intestinal helminths, including Neodiplostomum seoulense, seasonally from December 2004 to September 2005. Six species of rodents, including Apodemus agrarius (1,366), Mus musculus (32), Micronytus fortis (28), Eothenomys regulus (9), Micronys minutus (6), and Cricetulus triton (3), and 1 species of insectivores Crocidura lasiura (54) were collected. A total of 321 adult N. seoulense were collected from 19 (1.4%) A. agrarius. The worm burden ranged from 1 to 101 per A. agrarius (mean; 16.9). No N. seoulense was observed in other rodent or insectivore species examined. The infection rate during autumn (4.5%) was higher than those during spring (0.8%), summer (0.8%), and winter (0.5%). The average number of N. seoulense in infected A. agrarius was the highest in spring (66.0 specimens), followed by autumn (15.2), winter (4.5), and summer (3.3). This study first confirms that A. agrarius is a natural definitive host for N. seoulense, and demonstrates that the infection rates and intensities vary seasonally and geographically.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.153-156
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• 2007

The small intestines of 6 species of rodents and 1 species of insectivore were examined seasonally for Plagiorchis muris infection in 3 different localities in northern Gyeonggi-do (Province), near the demilitarized zone (DMZ). A total of 1,496 animals, including 1,366 Apodemus agrarius, 54 Crocidura iasiura (insectivore), 32 Mus musculus, 28 Micronytus fortis, 9 Eothenomys regulus, 6 Micronys minutus, and 3 Cricetulus triton, were live-trapped at Yeoncheon-gun (n = 351), Paju-shi (804) and Pocheon-gun (343) at 3-mo intervals from December 2004 to September 2005. A total of 1,647 P. muris were collected from 72 (5.3%) A. agrarius. The infection rate was the high-est in Pocheon-gun (8.2%), followed by Yeoncheon-gun (5.0%) and Paju-shi (4.2%). A higher infection rate was observed in A. agrarius captured during September (19.4%) than those captured during December (3.0%), June (2.6%), or April (0%). However, the worm burden was the highest in June (av. 32.1/animal), followed by September (24.7), December (4.0), and April (0). None of the other animal species were found infected with P. muris. The results reveal that A. agrarius is a natural definitive host for P. muris, and infection rates and worm burdens vary seasonally and geographically.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.609-617
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• 2020

Plasmodium vivax reemerged in 1993. It has been sustained for more than 25 years and become one of the important indigenous parasitic diseases in northern and western parts of the Republic of Korea near the demilitarized zone. In particular, relapse is a significant concern for the control of malaria, as short- and long-term incubation periods vary among those infected in Korea. In this study, the prevalence of asymptomatic carriers was examined among residents of high endemic areas of vivax malaria during nonseasonal transmission of mosquitoes. Blood samples from 3 endemic regions in northwestern Korea were evaluated by microscopic examination, rapid diagnostic testing, and nested PCR to identify asymptomatic patients carrying malaria parasites in the community. However, no positive malaria case among residents of endemic areas was detected. Additionally, serological analysis was carried out to measure antibodies against 3 antigenic recombinant proteins of P. vivax, merozoite surface protein 1-19, circumsporozoite surface protein-VK210, and liver-stage antigen (PvLSA-N), by the protein array method. Interestingly, seropositivity of sera between previous exposure and samples without exposure to malaria was significantly higher using the PvLSA-N antigen than the other antigens, suggesting that PvLSA-N can be used as a serological marker to analyze the degree of exposure for malaria transmission in endemic areas. This indicates a very low asymptomatic carrier prevalence during the nonmalaria season in the endemic areas of Korea.