• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.2
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• pp.73-88
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• 1978

This article is an attempt to explain, at least in part, the contemporary Korean women's consciousness of Western Dreasses. As time changes, the role of clothing undergoes varisous transitions, while values and ways of life are constantly in change. It is, therefore, proper and appropriate to recognize as among the major aspects of social psychology such phenomenon as interests, understanding of clothing, the choice of a dress, and attitudes toward clothing, etc. The purpose of this study is to discover problems concerning and their clothing and their solutions, by means of a surveying approach. The method of research used is based upon questionares distributed to parents of first-year pupils in elementary schools and to female clerks working in offices, covering the period from August through October, 1976. The number of the questionares distrubuted totalled 600, and 526 were returned to the research to be utilized for analysis. The contents of the survey included such things as values concerning clothing, kinds of clothing and their practical use, the selection of clothing and the method of purchase, fashions, etc. The classification of aquisition are self-made clothing, clothing made to order and ready-made materials. It is composed of 25 items, including affirmative reasons as well as negative ones. The processing of the material returned was made by using the computer, and based upon classifications such as ages, monthly income, occupations; thus diagraming the result in percentages. The conclusion made and the improvements proposed are as follows: 1. The values of clothing were placed on the expression of the wearer's personality (32.7) and on eauty(28. 6%). The lower age group places is stress upon the expression of personality, while the higher age group stresses beauty. About 50% of wearers are contented with their clothing, their clothing, the rest of whom them indicating their dissatisfaction with what they wear. As to designs at the time of selection, about 46% indicated their preference of personal expression, 31.8% on usefulness. In selecting material, practicality is emphasized; in selecting patterns, single color is preferred. In short, personal expression and esthetic values are primary, with consideration of practicality in mind. 2. The classification of clothing according to their uses indicates the highest numbers in normal wear (home wears) and clothings to be worn outside home. As to evening dresses, (party dress) only one or two articles were checked by many, and no such article was clamed to be possessed by most. The highest ratio of wearing was shown in the case of home wear (47.3%) and clothing to be worn outside the home, which is 55.8%. The budget for one article of clothing was greatest in the case of home wear, and clothing worn outside the home. Many used both kinds of articles for the same purpose. It is desirable, therefore, that the kinds of clothing should be varied according to the purpose for which they are worn, and that clothing appropriate for that purpose should be worn. 3. The motivation for purchasing clothing was highly chosen in the item of seasonal change, which was 55.7%; Clothing deliberately made was indicated by 45.2%. In the mothods of purchasing clothing, clothing made to order and ready-made was indicated by 44.4%, which is the highest; Clothing made to order was 25.4%, and self-sewing was 1.1%, which is the lowest. (1) In the case of self-sewing, "I like it but it is very hard," was checked by 43.6%; "It is so difficult that I cannot wear such clothing" was checked by 13.3%. From these, we can conclude that the questionees are willing to make clothing by themselves, but techniques involved in sewing and at her problems involved in the skill are complicated but when those problems are eliminated there is a possibility for practice. The response checked by questionees concerning the self-sewing was, "It's economical", which is a clear indication that many questionees are positive for self-sewing. It is generally believed that ready-made clothing is cheaper, but it is not necessarily so. In consideration of the quality of clothing, self-sewing is a necessity, and it is desirable that it should be encouraged. (3) Problems involved in ready-made clothing, such as designs, skills, size (fitting) should be eliminated. When these problems are scientifically gotten rid of, it is possible that affirmative returns will be expected. Affirmative responses such as "Ready-made clothing is economical," "You can select there on the spot," are good signs that many women expect to wear ready-made clothing. It is in this sense that the prospect for ready-made clothing is brighter when much development for ready-made clothing is on the way. 4. Much concern for fashion are checked in such item of questions as "Fashionable clothing in the show window," "Clothes worn by women." The first item was checked by 50.1 %, and the second was checked by 48.6%. The reason for following fashion is "Because many people wear them," which was indicated by 30.4%. The reason for not following fashion is "It is too expensive," which was checked by 29.6%. The 26.2% of the answers indicated that "Fashionable clothing is devoid of personality," The influences of fashion over the development of fashion over the development of clothing are two-fold: Esthetic and active. It is not to be deniable that people follow fashion more or less. 1978.9>

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.255-260
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• 2020

In this paper, I propose an efficient brand identity strategy by topic modeling the Instagram posts, one of SNS(Social Network Service) having more than 1billion world-wide and 500 million daily users. Since the 92% age groups of the Instagram is 18~50 years old (59% 18~29y and 33% 30~49), I set research analysis target three mobile commerce sites to dress and cosmetics sales sites that sale apparels cosmetics and gadgets that recently opened and have operated marketing on diverse channel including SNS. By topic modeling SNS posts for 6 months after launching the site that tagged each m-commerce site brand name or company name, I validate companies' brand identity strategy works effectively and suggest moderation of strategy for brand image. As a result, I found one of three mobile commerce site has different brand image by users and need different identity set up.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.158-176
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the cultural diversity in terms of costumes by analyzing the costumes depicted in the early Kushan Dynasty relics, Tillya Tepe. As a research method, literature research and artifact analysis were conducted in parallel. The type of costume worn by the king (or priest) was in the type of a jacket and skirt, which was thought to be of Persian influence. The Greek god of Dionysos was wearing a costume with Danryong (團領) and narrow sleeves, a nomadic type of Central Asia. It could be seen that costumes were transformed into indigenous elements of the region. The shape of the helmet worn by the warrior was a Greek-Macedonian helmet. However, details were transformed into indigenous elements of the Kushan dynasty. The clothing of a nobleman riding a carriage was an element of dress that was observed in Chinese po(袍), and was an unusual element not found in nomadic peoples. There were goddesses wearing Greek robes like Aphrodite in Tillya Tepe's relics. On the other hand, there were goddesses who did not wear Greek chitons like the Greek goddess Athena. Instead, they wore high-waisted robes worn by the Orient goddesses. In addition, after Kushan occupied India, there were Indian elements believed to be expressed by accepting Indian culture. These elements were combined with regional orient elements of the Kushan dynasty, Central Asian elements, and Kushan's own elements. Thus cultural diversity emerged in the costumes depicted in Tillya Tepe artifacts.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.50-60
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to determine paternal rearing behavior according to rearing characteristics and demographic characteristics. This study is designed as descriptive survey. This study's subjects are 200 people who live in Daegu, Gyeongbuk, Seoul and Gyeonggido and they have preschool children of 3-6years old. They live with their children together and they are bringing up their children with a spouse, and they agreed with this study. It was measured by the instrument that 3 nursing scholars modified for content validity based on 18 items which developed parental behavior questionnaire of Bigner(l977). The data were analyzed by the SPSS/PC program with descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA test. It was used Scheffe' test as post-hoc measurement. As a result of analysis is the following. 1. The results that are measured paternal rearing behavior by mean and standard deviation are that 'activity of play interaction' score was the highest($280{\pm}.59$), and then 'activity of daily living'($2.41{\pm}.58$), and then 'activity of discipline'($2.40{\pm}.93$). The lowest area was 'activity of outhouse'($225{\pm}.85$). As examined paternal rearing behaviors by item, 'express physical affection to children' was the highest and the next items is 'consult with wife about children's rearing problem.'. Item that was shown the lowest score was 'wash children's dress'. 2. Compared paternal rearing behaviors level by demographic characteristics, that showed Significant differences among the fathers job type(F=3.492, p=.005), family monthly income (p=2.011, p=.047), children's number(F=4.641, p=.011). 3. Compared paternal rearing behaviors level by rearing characteristics, that showed significant difference in the satisfaction of marred life (F=3.932, p=.021). In spite of Paternal rearing behavior can influence on children's health and health activity, that is apt to exclude in various family health educational program development and application in nursing field. Therefore, nursing researches about paternal rearing behavior will have to be needed to study in the future.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.88-102
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• 2003

In our culture, the term, "be like", is frequently used. There are expressions such as "feminine-looking dress" and "manly style" relating to this term when we describe the styles of clothing. This study addresses the question on which type of garment would be selected under the description of the term, "be-like", in relation to gender. This term reveals the preconception of gender as being feminine or masculine according to the styles and colors of clothes. A group of 362 college students from Seoul and Gyeonggi area was surveyed fur the study The statistical analysis of SPSS 10.0 was applied f3r analyzing the data, and the significant variances were reviewed by the basic statistics, multi-variate and T-test. The results are as follows: First, the details of clothes imply the preconceived idea of gender. As a result, women's blouses and skirts were selected as the most feminine upper and bottom garments. The Y-shirt and T-shirt were selected as the most masculine upper garments. However, in contrast to the . skirts being the most feminine bottom wear, the pants were not significantly recognized as the most masculine ,clothes. Second, the variances of the survey show that the female students are more conscious of the sexual identity expressed in clothes than the male students. Third, the styles of clothes reflect the general understanding of what is considered to be "feminine or not feminine" and "masculine or not masculine" In conclusion, this study has discovered that the certain characteristics of gender are predominantly implicated in the styles length, and color of clothes. Both men and women responded differently in defining their idea of "femininity" and "masculinity". Nevertheless, there still exists strong preconception of what is considered to be feminine or masculine, and it affects the choices people make in selecting clothes.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.91-102
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• 2000

As an economy approach new state of affairs under the influence of the Shil-Hak philosophy, the Joshun society at 18th century gave common people to a chance to impress and to patronize the Arts. This social environment made an artist to drawing see and feel, this is a genre picture. Hong Do Kim(1745-1816 or 1818) was a typical genre picturer of Joshun, his picture reflected the time truthly and honestly and described vividly a life of common people, so expressed Realism what based on the actual. Therefore the purpose of this study is to analyze and to study costume of common people and their life style. The costume in a genre picture books are summarized. Man's basic dresses were Jugori and Baji uniformity, but based on the job or situation those had a little variation. People of a blacksmith shop wore that to enlarge sleeve of Bagi and Jugori and wore Strow Sandle exactly, in that way prepared for danger of treating hot iron. On the side, in the summer, Soikojambangiee and Deungguri jucksam wore at grain. The majority of hair style was Minsangtoo that Manggun not to be surrounded a head. Womam's basic dresses were Chima and Jugori, it was not to be different in compare with a woman of the aristocratic class, extremely appeal simplicity. But it was not to be of no accent on fashion even if common people, they wore a shot Dangko jugori that busts were seen below Jugori. A hair style was simple hair that her braid placed aboved a head, different with very richful hair style, Gachae that one‘s braid hair placed above a head, a hair style of woman of the aristocratic class and Kinuer. Because of common people's costume are not a special thing expect for basic dress-Jugori, Baji, Chima, many historical books or articles about costume are not existed. As the results of this study on costume of common people's life, we found that basic dresses appeared to a various types based on the job and the situation.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.15-25
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• 2003

In this study on the Persiandress called Persiandress or Mediandress, its names, styles, and structures that are still subject to a great deal of controversy were investigated. In addition, the reason why the Persiandress was wrongly named as Kandys by the early researchers was also examined. The documents of reliefs on the Apadanastairs in Persepolis and the European papers concerning this themes were subject of this analysis. Such investigation and examination results are summarized as follows. There is still no agreed name describing the Persiandress, which is called "Persiandress" or "Mediandress". Further, there is no definite conclusion on whether the Persiandress was made in one piece or two pieces. The first person who insisted that the Persiandress was made in one piece is a German archaeologist, Ernst Herzfeld. He said that the Persiandress was made in one long tetragonal piece, had a hole in the middle for head, and had lots of pleats when it was tied with a belt. On the contrary, researchers who insisted that the Persiandress was made in two pieces stressed the sleeve pleats in four folds, which is one of the representative characteristics, and said that such four-fold sleeve pleats would not be formed when the Persiandress was made in one piece and worn by a belt. Consequently, they have conducted studies according to their insistence and the resultant pattern. Kandys, the Median's typical dress, is a coat worn over the jacket and trousers. Although it had sleeves, the Median did not use them. Indeed, Kandys was used as a kind of cloak. However, the wrong term, Kandys is still used in Korea. So, it is necessary to correct use of such wrong term.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.55-68
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to expand the realm of a button for a decorative purpose through embossing the effect and gravity of a button in fashion by designing the new ceramic buttons which are mainly used for decorative function in costume. In order to acquire a motif for the design, I analyzed several works of Gustav Klimt. As the result, those feature can be classified into the use of decorative lines, mosaic forms, and harmony of golden yellow and black, and it can be applied to buttons and clothes design. The sort of clay used in manufacturing the ceramic buttons was white clay to have high density and to diffuse light well, and press shaping techniques using plaster mold were employed. The baking was performed in an electronic kiln at $800^{\circ}C$ for the first time and at $1250^{\circ}C$ for the second time. Based on wearable designs in 2002/2003 F/W Trend of Interfashion Planning, I made three pieces of dress which could express the button's capability of decoration with effect. This is expressing a simplified form which shows up in details of and yellow and red pink were used to harmonize with golden yellow clothes. As an application of shapes of foliage in I transformed its size and form to be consistent with a jacket and a tube top. To accord with golden beige costume, I made a curve, showing up in Klimt's paintings, with golden color on a circle shape which was also a main motif in his paintings.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.107-124
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to classify types in sense of gender role identity and to figure out the difference among sociocultural attitude, benefits of clothing pursuit, and appearance management behaviors by sense of gender role identity types. Questionnaires were administered to 455 people in their twenties and thirties living in Daegu and Kyoungbuk area. Data were analyzed by using frequency, factor analysis, credibility, $X^2$-test, ANOVA, Duncan-test, and t-test. The findings are as follows. First, Men of androgyny group showed the highest rate of 38.5% followed by undifferentiation(22.9%), masculineness(21.0%), and feminineness(17.6%). Women of undifferentiation group showed the highest rate of 33.2% followed by feminineness (25.2%), androgyny(22.0%), and masculineness(19.6%). Second, factors of sociocultural attitude were internalization and recognition. Benefits of clothing pursuit consists of the factors such as consciousness of others, personality, and vogue pursuit. Factors of appearance management behaviors were dressing, skin management, plastic surgery management, weight management, health management, and hair management. Third, the result from the difference between sociocultural attitude and benefits of clothing pursuit by sense of gender role identity types, men of androgyny and feminineness showed highest in recognition while women of androgyny showed highest in internalization and recognition. The result of the difference in benefits of clothing pursuit by sense of gender role identity shows that both men and women of androgyny group have high tendency for being conscious of others, personality pursuit, and vogue pursuit while men of undifferentiation and masculineness have low interest in dressing in relationship with others. Fourth, the examination of the difference in appearance management behavior by sense of gender role identity types found men of androgyny group managed dressing, skin, weight, health and hair most while women dress and health most. Men of undifferentiation group managed dressing and weight least, while men of masculineness health, and men of feminineness hair least.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.44-49
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• 2016

Diamond mechanical polishing (DMP) is a crucial process in a sapphire wafering process to improve flatness and achieve the target thickness by using free abrasives. In a DMP process, material removal rate (MRR) is a key factor to reduce process time and cost. Controlling mechanical parameters, such as velocity and pressure, can increase the MRR in a DMP process. However, there are limitations of using high velocities and pressures for achieving a high MRR owing to their side effects. In this paper, we present the lapping characteristics and improvement of MRR by using a fixed abrasive plate through an experimental study. The change in MRR as a function of velocity and pressure follows Preston's equation. The surface roughness of a wafer decreases as the plate velocity and pressure increases. We observe a sharp decrease in MRR over the lapping time at a high velocity and pressure in the velocity and pressure test. An analysis of surface roughness (Rq and Rpk) indicates that wear of abrasives decreases the MRR sharply. In order to investigate the effect of abrasive wear on the MRR, we utilize a cutting fluid and a rough wafer. The cutting fluid delays the wear of abrasives resulting in improvement of MRR drop. The rough wafer maintains the MRR at a stable rate by self-dressing.