• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.641-651
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• 2018

Floral scents and metabolites from cut flowers of 14 peony cultivars (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) were analyzed to discriminate different cultivars and to compare the Korean cultivar with the other cut peonies imported to Korea using electronic nose (E-nose) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) dendrogram of peony floral scents were not precisely same but there were 3 groups including same cultivars. PCA and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) dendrograms of peony metabolites showed that different cut peony cultivars were clustered into two major groups including same cultivars. Fragrance pattern of Korean 'Taebaek' was classified to same group with 'Jubilee' on the PCA and DFA results and its metabolite pattern was clearly discriminated by the PCA and PLS-DA compared to the other cultivars. These results show that the 14 peony cut flowers could be discriminated corresponding to their chemical relationship and the metabolic profile of Korean 'Taebaek' has distinctive characteristics. Furthermore, we suggest that these results could be used as the preliminary data for breeding new cut peony cultivars and for improving the availability of Korean cut peony in cosmetic industry.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.40-50
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• 2017

Seed storage proteins are used as carbon and nitrogen sources for the nutritional improvement of seeds. Since the composition of proteins from the Korean cultivars of proso millet is unknown, this study was conducted to obtain a reference map of millet seed proteins and identify the functional characteristics of the identified proteins. Proteins extracted from proso millet seeds of various cultivars were investigated using proteomic techniques such as 2-D electrophoresis coupled with mass fingerprinting; 1152 (differentially expressed) protein spots were detected on the 2-D gels. Among them, 26 reproducible protein spots were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Out of the 26 proteins, 2 proteins were upregulated in all the millet cultivars, while 13 proteins were upregulated and 11 proteins were downregulated in 2 cultivars. Abundance of most of the identified protein species associated with polysaccharide and starch metabolism, transcription, and pathogenesis was significantly enhanced, while that of other protein species involved in glycolysis, stress response, and transduction was severely reduced. Taken together, the results suggest that the differential expression of the proteins from the four millet cultivars may be cultivar-specific. By conducting a proteomic investigation of millet seeds from different cultivars, we sought to better understand the functional categorization of individual proteins on the basis of their molecular functions. We believe that the identified proteins may help in investigating genetic variations in millet cultivars.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.597-607
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• 2018

This study examined the nutrient components and measured the physicochemical properties of 23 Korean sweet potato cultivars. The proximate composition, free sugars, organic acids, and dietary fiber of sweet potato were analyzed and the water binding capacity, oil absorption and pasting characteristics were measured. The proximate composition was the highest in Happymi and was higher in colored sweet potato than in general sweet potato (p<0.05). The sucrose content was the highest among the free sugars in the general cultivars and yellow/orange colored cultivar. The major organic acids were oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, and acetic acid. Oxalic acid and citric acid were high in the purple colored cultivars and malic acid was high in yellow/orange colored cultivars. Each total dietary fiber content of the general and colored cultivars was 7.51-13.94 and 13.04-16.97%, respectively, but there was no significant difference. The water binding capacity and oil absorption of Juhwangmi was high in all cultivars (p<0.05). The peak viscosity of sweet potato powder showed highest a significant difference of 12.50-1342 cP (p<0.05). The breakdown of Sincheonmi was 512, which was the highest value (p<0.05). The setback of Geonpungmi was significantly low, 6.0 (p<0.05).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2014

Correlation and similarity of garlic cultivars was analyzed by measuring the composition of twenty amino acids contents in the bulb and callus from twelve garlic cultivars which were collected from Korea and foreign countries. Arginine and asparagine occupied more than 78% of total amino acids both in bulb and callus followed by glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, valine, glycine, histidine and ornithine in order. Based on correlation coefficients of amino acid composition in the bulb, twelve garlic cultivars were classified into three major groups. Danyang, Euiseong, Seosan, Jeju, Mongol and Turkey cultivars belong to group-I, Namdo, China, Mexico and Nepal cultivars are in group-II, and group-III includes Philippine and Daeseo cultivars. Based on amino acid composition in callus, group-I includes Mongol, Euiseong, Danyang and Seosan cultivars, group-II includes Jeju, Daeseo, China and Namdo cultivars, group-III includes Napal, Mexico, Philippine and Turkey cultivars. Composition of amino acid contained in both callus and bulb is a clear standard to identify northern-type garlic cultivars. Especially the composition of amino acids in callus is more distinctive standard of classification between northern and southern type garlic cultivars than that in bulbs.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.363-370
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• 2012

Some physicochemical characteristics like nutritional values, sugar content, and fatty acid composition (FAs) in fruits of four papaya (Carica papaya L.) cultivars ('Red Lady', 'Sunrise Solo', 'Tainung', and 'BH-65') grown under plastic greenhouse conditions in the Mediterranean region of Turkey were evaluated. The chemical characteristics, except acidity in the fruits, significantly varied among the cultivars. Nitrogen (N) was the most abundant mineral in all papaya cultivars and ranged from $0.80\;g{\cdot}100\;g^{-1}$ in 'Red Lady' to $1.28\;g{\cdot}100\;g^{-1}$ in 'BH-65' in fresh weight. Potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) were found the highest amount in dry weight. Glucose and fructose were identified as the main sugars in all cultivars. Sucrose was in trace amounts in the three cultivars, but not detectable in cultivar 'Red Lady'. Twenty-five FAs were detected in the papaya fruits. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were found to be in a highest amounts compared to the saturated fatty acid (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). Palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1), and linoleic (C18:2n6) acids were the major fatty acids detected in all cultivars. The results of this study implied that dietary intake of papayas may supply substantial nutrient components necessary for human health.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.339-346
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• 2021

Prevalence of tan spot of wheat caused by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis has become more prevalent in Oklahoma as no-till cultivation in wheat has increased. Hence, developing wheat varieties resistant to tan spot has been emphasized, and selecting pathogen isolates to screen for resistance to this disease is critical. Twelve isolates of P. tritici-repentis were used to inoculate 11 wheat cultivars in a greenhouse study in splitplot experiments. Virulence of isolates and cultivar resistance were measured in percent leaf area infection for all possible isolate x cultivar interactions. Isolates differed significantly (P < 0.01) in virulence on wheat cultivars, and cultivars differed significantly in disease reaction to isolates. Increased virulence of isolates detected increased variability in cultivar response (percent leaf area infection) (r = 0.56, P < 0.05) while increased susceptibility in cultivars detected increased variance in virulence of the isolates (r = 0.76, P < 0.01). A significant isolate × cultivar interaction indicated specificity between isolates and cultivars, however, cluster analysis indicated low to moderate physiological specialization. Similarity in wheat cultivars in response to pathogen isolates also was determined by cluster analysis. The use of diverse isolates of the fungus would facilitate evaluation of resistance in wheat cultivars to tan spot.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.88-92
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• 2001

The crossabilities among 3 wild mulberry species and 3 cultivars growing in the Korean Peninsula had been studied. The result of the crossabilities of Moms tiliaefolia with Moms bombycis and 3 cultivars were possible, but with Morus mongolica was impossible. Those of Moms mongolica with Moms bombycis, Morus tiliaefolia and 2 cultivars except Daeryukppong were possible too. And those of Morus bombycis with Moms titiaefolia, Moms mongolica were impossible, but with 3 cultivars were possible moderately.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2005

Eighty-five different cultivars of Brassica rapa, B. juncea, B. nap us, B. carinata, B. oleracea and hexaploid Brassica collected from Bangladesh, Japan, China and Denmark were analyzed by SDS-PAGE for seed and leaf protein variations, using esterase, acid phosphatase and peroxidase isozyme analysis. Ten polymorphic bands were identified from seed protein however no identifiable polymorphic band was found in the leaf protein. Polymorphic markers clearly distinguished the different Brassica species as well as yellow sarson (YS) and brown seeded (BS) cultivars of B. rapa. The $F_1$ cross between YS and brown seeded cultivars showed the existance of all poly-morphic bands of the respective parents. The Bangla-deshi and Japanese cultivars of B. rapa differed in the amount of seed protein. In the case of isozyme analysis, esterase showed the highest number of polymorphic bands (13) followed by acid phosphatase (9) and peroxidase (5). These polymorphic markers were very effec-tive for classification of all the species studied in this experiment. In parentage tests using isozymes, the hybridity of intra-and-interspecific crosses of almost all the seedlings could be identified from their respective cross combinations. Esterase polymorphism showed a clear differentiation between YS and BS types of B. rapa. In addition, two esterase polymorphic markers were iden ified to differentiate some cultivars of B. juncea. Segregation patterns in these two esterase bands showed a simple Mendelian monohybrid ratio of 3:1 in $F_2$, 1:1 in test cross and 1:0 in back cross progenies. No polymorphic band was identified to distinguish different cultivars of the same species by acid phosphatase or peroxidase. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was carried out with seed coat color specific marker of B. juncea. The yellow seeded cultivars produced a strong band at 0.5 kb and weak band 1.2 kb. In the addition of these two specific bands, Japanese yellow-seeded cultivars expressed two more weak bands at 1.0 kb and 1.1 kb. Where the brown seeded cultivars generated a single strong band at 1.1 kb. In segregating population, the yellow seed coat color marker segregated at a ratio 15 (brown) : 1 (yellow), indicating the digenic inheritance pattern of the trait.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.671-676
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• 1999

RAPD analysis using random primers were tried to evaluate the genetic variation and diversity of the nine garlic cultivars including two foreign varieties. Thirty-two primers out of 70 primers screened were used to amplify genomic DNA of garlic cultivars using polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Among a total of 151 bands amplified by 32 primers, 125 polymorphic bands were subjected to analysis for genetic relationship of garlic cultivars. The estimated size of amplified PCR products were in the range of 932 to 4,060 base pairs. Nine garlic cultivars were classified into two groups, such as group I corresponded to Changnyung and Hungary cultivars, and group II, Namdo, Sandong from China, Yecheon, Euiseong, Youngweol, Danyang, Jeongsun cultivars, with the genetic distance value of 0.271. The major ecological types of garlics, so called southern and northern types, was grouped in the genetic distance value of 0.200. The results presented in this study suggest that RAPD analysis are likely to be useful for identification of cultivars and evaluation of genetic origin in garlics.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.220-231
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• 2017

Grafting using a pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) rootstock is an effective way to improve cucumber (Cucumis sativus) resistance to a combination of chilling and salinity stresses. We evaluated the tolerance of 15 pumpkin cultivars to chilling, salinity, and combined stresses at the germination and seedling stages. Selected plant characteristics, including germination rate, germination potential, germination index, plant height, stem thickness, fresh weight, and dry weight, were analyzed. We used the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean for cluster analyses to determine the stress tolerance levels of the pumpkin cultivars. The 15 cultivars were divided into three clusters: tolerant, moderately tolerant, and susceptible to stress treatments. The stress tolerances of all cultivars were variable in the germination and seedling stages, and most cultivars were not tolerant to individual treatments of chilling or salinity stresses at both stages. These results suggest that identifying suitable cultivars for use as rootstock during cucumber grafting should involve the evaluation of stress tolerance during different growth stages. Additionally, cultivars tolerant to chilling stress may not be tolerant to salinity stress; therefore, the choice of pumpkin rootstock should depend on where the grafted plant will be grown. Cultivars tolerant to a combination of chilling and salinity stresses may be useful as rootstock for cucumber grafting. Our findings may serve as reference material for choosing appropriate pumpkin rootstocks for cucumber grafting.