• 제목/요약/키워드: Korean Society of Plant Protection

검색결과 1,188건 처리시간 0.04초

Genetic Diversity and Differentiation of Colletotrichum spp. Isolates Associated with Leguminosae Using Multigene Loci, RAPD and ISSR

  • Mahmodi, Farshid;Kadir, J.B.;Puteh, A.;Pourdad, S.S.;Nasehi, A.;Soleimani, N.
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.10-24
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    • 2014
  • Genetic diversity and differentiation of 50 Colletotrichum spp. isolates from legume crops studied through multigene loci, RAPD and ISSR analysis. DNA sequence comparisons by six genes (ITS, ACT, Tub2, CHS-1, GAPDH, and HIS3) verified species identity of C. truncatum, C. dematium and C. gloeosporiodes and identity C. capsici as a synonym of C. truncatum. Based on the matrix distance analysis of multigene sequences, the Colletotrichum species showed diverse degrees of intera and interspecific divergence (0.0 to 1.4%) and (15.5-19.9), respectively. A multilocus molecular phylogenetic analysis clustered Colletotrichum spp. isolates into 3 well-defined clades, representing three distinct species; C. truncatum, C. dematium and C. gloeosporioides. The ISSR and RAPD and cluster analysis exhibited a high degree of variability among different isolates and permitted the grouping of isolates of Colletotrichum spp. into three distinct clusters. Distinct populations of Colletotrichum spp. isolates were genetically in accordance with host specificity and inconsistent with geographical origins. The large population of C. truncatum showed greater amounts of genetic diversity than smaller populations of C. dematium and C. gloeosporioides species. Results of ISSR and RAPD markers were congruent, but the effective maker ratio and the number of private alleles were greater in ISSR markers.

Lucerne transient streak virus; a Recently Detected Virus Infecting Alfafa (Medicago sativa) in Central Saudi Arabia

  • Raza, Ahmed;Al-Shahwan, Ibrahim M.;Abdalla, Omer A.;Al-Saleh, Mohammed A.;Amer, Mahmoud A.
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.43-52
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    • 2017
  • A survey was conducted to determine the status of Lucerne transient streak virus (LTSV) in three high-yielding alfalfa regions in central Saudi Arabia (Riyadh, Qassim, and Hail) during 2014. Three hundred and eight symptomatic alfalfa, and seven Sonchus oleraceus samples were collected. DAS-ELISA indicated that 59 of these samples were positive to LTSV. Two isolates of LTSV from each region were selected for molecular studies. RT-PCR confirmed the presence of LTSV in the selected samples using a specific primer pair. Percentage identity and homology tree comparisons revealed that all Saudi isolates were more closely related to each other but also closely related to the Canadian isolate-JQ782213 (97.1-97.6%) and the New Zealand isolate-U31286 (95.8-97.1%). Comparing Saudi isolates of LTSV with ten other sobemoviruses based on the coat protein gene sequences confirmed the distant relationship between them. Eleven out of fourteen plant species used in host range study were positive to LTSV. This is the first time to document that Trifolium alexandrinum, Nicotiana occidentalis, Chenopodium glaucum, and Lathyrus sativus are new host plant species for LTSV and that N. occidentalis being a good propagative host for it.

Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Lucerne (Medicago sativa) Plants Infected with 'Candidatus Phytoplasma australasia'-Related Strain (16SrII-D Subgroup)

  • Ayvaci, Humeyra;Guldur, M. Ertugrul;Dikilitas, Murat
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제38권2호
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    • pp.146-158
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    • 2022
  • Changes in physiological and biochemical patterns in lucerne plants caused by the presence of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma australasia', which is one of the significant pathogens causing yield losses in lucerne plants, were investigated. Significant differences were evident in total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and protein amounts between 'Ca. Phytoplasma australasia'-positive and negative lucerne plants. Stress-related metabolites such as phenol, malondialdehyde, and proline accumulations in 'Ca. Phytoplasma australasia'-positive plants were remarkably higher than those of phytoplasma-negative plants. As a response to disease attack, phytoplasma-positive plants exhibited higher antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and catalase) and nonenzymatic metabolite responses such as jasmonic and salicylic acids. We state that partial disease responses were revealed for the first time to breed resistant lucerne lines infected by 'Ca. Phytoplasma australasia'.

사과과수원 점박이응애의 약제 저항성 비교 분석 (Comparison and Analysis of Insecticide Resistance of Two Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urficae) among Apple Orchards)

  • 이시우;김광호;박창규;박홍현;이관석;최병렬;이상계
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.266-271
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    • 2010
  • 6종류의 살충제(유기인계인 monocrotophos, 항생물질계인 milbemectin, 피라졸계인 tebufenpyrad, 아유산에스텔계인 propargite, 유기염소계인 dicofol, 피레스계인 fenpropathrin)를 선발하여 사과원의 점박이응애에 대한 반수치사농도 조사하였다. 점박이응애는 충주, 군위, 소보 지역 과수원에서 채집하였다. Monocrotophos과 fenpropathrin은 저항성 발달로 인하여 효과가 없었으며, milbemectin, tebufenpyrad, dicofol, propargite는 점박이응애에 대해 효과를 보이고 있었다. 과수원 간 약제저항성 분포패턴은 같은 경향을 보이나 각 과수원 계통의 점박이응애는 서로 다른 군집에 속하였다.

Molecular Characterization of an Isolate of Bean Common Mosaic Virus First Identified in Gardenia Using Metatranscriptome and Small RNA Sequencing

  • Zhong-Tian Xu;Hai-Tao Weng;Jian-Ping Chen;Chuan-Xi Zhang;Jun-Min Li;Yi-Yuan Li
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.73-82
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    • 2024
  • Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides) is a popular and economically vital plant known for its ornamental and medicinal properties. Despite its widespread cultivation, there has been no documentation of plant viruses on gardenia yet. In the present study, gardenia leaves exhibiting symptoms of plant viral diseases were sampled and sequenced by both metatranscriptome and small RNA sequencing. As a consequence, bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) was identified in gardenia for the first time and named BCMV-gardenia. The full genome sequence of BCMV-gardenia is 10,054 nucleotides (nt) in length (excluding the poly (A) at the 3' termini), encoding a large polyprotein of 3,222 amino acids. Sequence analysis showed that the N-termini of the polyprotein encoded by BCMV-gardenia is less conserved when compared to other BCMV isolates, whereas the C-termini is the most conserved. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis showed that BCMVgardenia was clustered closely with other BCMV isolates identified outside the leguminous plants. Our results indicated that the majority of BCMV-gardenia virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) were 21 nt and 22 nt, with 21 nt being more abundant. The first nucleotide at the 5' termini of vsiRNAs derived from BCMV-gardenia preferred U and A. The ratio of vsiRNAs derived from sense (51.1%) and antisense (48.9%) strands is approaching, and the distribution of vsiRNAs along the viral genome is generally even, with some hot spots forming in local regions. Our findings could provide new insights into the diversity, evolution, and host expansion of BCMV and contribute to the prevention and treatment of this virus.