• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.82-95
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• 2015

Cultural heritage contains traditional values and we have to conserve its intrinsic value. But in the other hands it is argued that it's no need to preserve heritage for its own sake, and nowadays we appreciate that active use of heritage is enhancing its value and making position secure in its society. It will need not only to protect heritage, but also to ensure its use, and its economic value are harnessed to the benefit of local communities. We are going to enter upon experience economy through information society and to have a creative economy policy discourse. The effects of globalisation on societies are manifested in the attrition of their values, identities of vernacular heritage. Therefore relationship between development and heritage must be examined. In this article I suggest the methodologies of vitalizing cultural heritage based creative industries, especially through making the creative ecosystem and optimising the performance of the cultural heritage based cluster.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1091-1102
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• 2012

With a recent rapid increase in infringement on privacy information, a need to protect privacy information is called for more than ever. Keeping pace with such concern and demands of the times, Korea has established and executed "Privacy Information Protection Act" on September 30th, 2011. This regulation was enacted from an individually regulated method to a basic regulation that includes public and private institutions. Also, the regulation includes diverse contents for the sake of protecting privacy information by expanding a range of protection subjects and limiting the process of uniquely identifiable information. In this context, the study has suggested a direction for development on Korea's Privacy information Protection Act by taking a look at the status on privacy information protection acts from home and foreign nations and conducting a comparative analysis between domestic and foreign acts.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2022

Motivated by the high-resolution properties of high-order Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) and flux limiter (FL) for steep-gradient problems and the robust convergence of Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov (JFNK) methods for nonlinear systems, the preconditioned JFNK fully implicit high-order WENO and FL schemes are proposed to solve the transient two-phase two-fluid models. Specially, the second-order fully-implicit BDF2 is used for the temporal operator and then the third-order WENO schemes and various flux limiters can be adopted to discrete the spatial operator. For the sake of the generalization of the finite-difference-based preconditioning acceleration methods and the excellent convergence to solve the complicated and various operational conditions, the random vector instead of the initial condition is skillfully chosen as the solving variables to obtain better sparsity pattern or more positions of non-zero elements in this paper. Finally, the WENO_JFNK and FL_JFNK codes are developed and then the two-phase steep-gradient problem, phase appearance/disappearance problem, U-tube problem and linear advection problem are tested to analyze the convergence, computational cost and efficiency in detailed. Numerical results show that WENO_JFNK and FL_JFNK can significantly reduce numerical diffusion and obtain better solutions than traditional methods. WENO_JFNK gives more stable and accurate solutions than FL_JFNK for the test problems and the proposed finite-difference-based preconditioning acceleration methods based on the random vector can significantly improve the convergence speed and efficiency.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

With the development of artificial intelligence, efforts to incorporate neuroscience mining with AI have increased. Neuroscience mining, also known as NSM, expands on this concept by combining computational neuroscience and business analytics. Using fNIRS (functional near-infrared spectroscopy)-based experiment dataset, we have investigated the potential of NSM in the context of the BPSC (business problem-solving creativity) prediction. Although BPSC is regarded as an essential business differentiator and a difficult cognitive resource to imitate, measuring it is a challenging task. In the context of NSM, appropriate methods for assessing and predicting BPSC are still in their infancy. In this sense, we propose a novel NSM method that systematically combines CNN, BiLSTM, and attention network for the sake of enhancing the BPSC prediction performance significantly. We utilized a dataset containing over 150 thousand fNIRS-measured data points to evaluate the validity of our proposed NSM method. Empirical evidence demonstrates that the proposed NSM method reveals the most robust performance when compared to benchmarking methods.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.11
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• pp.4253-4264
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• 2022

Since the implementation of the phosphate project in Bled El-Hadba (BEH) deposit, western region of Tébessa, no detailed study has been conducted to assess the natural radioactivity distribution and the associated radiological risk parameter for this open-pit mine. For the sake of determining a credible premining reference database for the region of interest, 21 samples were collected from different geological layers of the above-mentioned deposit. Gamma Spectrometry was applied for measuring radioactivity using a high resolution HPGe semiconductor detector. The obtained activity results have shown a significant broad variation in the radioactive contents for the different phosphate samples. The total average concentrations (in Bq·kg^-1) for ²²⁶Ra, ²³⁸U, ²³⁵U, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K computed for the different type of phosphate layers were found to be 570 ± 169, 788 ± 280, 52 ± 18, 66 ± 6 and 81 ± 18 respectively. The mean activity concentrations of the measured radionuclides were compared to other regional and worldwide deposits. The ratios between the detected radioisotopes have been calculated for spatial distribution of natural radionuclides in the study area. Based on the aforementioned activity concentrations, the corresponding radiation hazard parameters were assessed. Correlations between the obtained parameters were drawn and a multivariate statistical analysis (Pearson Correlation, Cluster and Factor analysis) was carried out in order to identify the existing relationships.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2008

In order to survey the contents of ethyl carbamate in alcoholic beverages, GC/MS-SIM method was used after extraction with dichloromethane in solid phase extract cartridge contained alcoholic beverages. In the applied GC/MS-SIM method, the values of recoveries and relative standard deviation were ranged from 85.2 % to 87.9 % and from 0.7 % to 1.9 %, the limit of detection and quantification were $2{\mu}g/kg$ and $10{\mu}g/kg$. Depending on alcoholic beverage kinds, the levels were variable and the average level was $194{\mu}g/kg$ for liquor, $105{\mu}g/kg$ for fruit wine, $62{\mu}g/kg$ distilled spirit, $28{\mu}g/kg$ for sake, $15{\mu}g/kg$ for yakju, $12{\mu}g/kg$ for other alcohol beverages, ND for soju, respectively.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5D
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• pp.649-654
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• 2008

In the definition of non additive path, the sum of travel costs of links making up the path is not equal to the path cost. There are a variety of cases that non-additivity assumption does not hold in transportation fields. Nonetheless, traffic equilibrium models are generally built up on the fundamental hypothesis of additivity assumption. In this case traffic equilibrium models are only applicable within restrictive conditions of the path cost being linear functions of link cost. Area-wide road pricing is known as an example of realistic transportation situations, which violates such additivity assumption. Because travel fare is charged at the moment of driver's passing by exit gate while identified at entry gate, it may not be added linearly proportional to link costs. This research proposes a novel Wordrop type of traffic equilibrium model in terms of area-wide road pricing schemes. It introduces binary indicator variable for the sake of transforming non-additive path cost to additive. Since conventional shortest path and Frank-Wolfe algorithm can be applied without route enumeration and network representation is not required, it can be recognized more generalized model compared to the pre-proposed approaches. Theoretical proofs and case studies are demonstrated.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.103-139
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• 2019

This study aims to verify how trust in government leads voters' electoral participation with paying attention to their political orientations. In particular, this study takes voters' partisan consideration into account to examine different direction of the effect of trust in government on electoral participation depending on their ideology and partisan preferences. Key findings show that governmental trust has a positive influence on electoral participation for voters who have conformable ideological orientations to the incumbent government and positive preferences toward the ruling party. In contrast, distrust in government is more likely to increase the possibility of electoral participation for those who have different ideology from the incumbent, negative attitude toward the ruling party, and partisan preferences of the opposition party. Previous studies on the relationship between governmental trust and electoral participation have been mixed as yet. For the sake of explaining this inconclusiveness, this study focuses on partisan foundation of voters' political decision making. It contributes to our understanding of the political properties of governmental trust and its implications for representative democracy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.892-901
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• 2009

This study confirmed depletion efficiency of nitrite when incubate lactic acid bacteria was isolated from commercial Chinese cabbage pickles (Baechu kimchi), pickled ponytail radishes (Chongkak kimchi), radish cube kimchi (Kaktugi) and pickled Wakegi (Pa kimchi) at temperatures of $15^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$. At $15^{\circ}C$, lactic acid bacteria isolated from commercial kimchi depleted nitrite actively except Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides and Leuconostoc paramesenteroides. In particular, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextrinicum and Leuconostoc lactis depleted nitrite by very actively without period adaptation in nitrite. Lactobacillus sake, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei subsp. pseudoplantarum, and Lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. torquens depleted nitrite very actively after 1 day. L. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides depleted nitrite relatively actively after 2 days pass. In contrast, L. paramesenteroides displayed very low nitrite depletion ratio compared to other species. At $25^{\circ}C$, all lactic acid bacteria isolated from commercial kimchi did not need adapting period in nitrite, and depleted nitrite very actively except L. paramesenteroides. Also, all lactic acid bacteria except L. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides and L. paramesenteroides nitrite of more than 90% after 1 day, and L. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides depleted nitrite of more than 90% after 2 days. However, because L. paramesenteroides was not active even at $25^{\circ}C$, nitrite depletion efficiency was very low compared to other species. On the other hand, the same species of Lactobacilli and Leuconostocs except L. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides and L. paramesenteroides of other kimchi origin at $15^{\circ}C$ as well as $25^{\circ}C$ by vitality depleted nitrite very actively without statistically significant difference (p<0.05).

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2010

This study was conducted to estimate the contents of heavy metals including lead, cadmium, arsenic and total mercury in alcoholic beverages in Korea. Concentration of Hg was analyzed by gold amalgamation method, using mercury analyzer, while concentration of Pb, Cd and As was analyzed by ICP-MS. Concentration (${\mu}g/kg$) of heavy metal in fermented liquors were; for Pb $9.9\;{\pm}\;8.4$(0~38.0), Cd $5.8\;{\pm}\;4.9$(0~5.4), As $28.6\;{\pm}\;19.4$(1~96.4), Hg $0.7\;{\pm}\;1.2$(0~10.6). Concentration (${\mu}g/kg$) of distilled liquors were ; for Pb $4.4\;{\pm}\;5.7$(0~29.3), Cd $2.0\;{\pm}\;2.5$(0~10.3), As $12.0\;{\pm}\;17.0$(0~95.6), Hg $0.2\;{\pm}\;0.3$(0~2.3). Concentration(${\mu}g/kg$ of other liquous were ; for Pb $7.5\;{\pm}\;5.1$(0~13.7), Cd $5.8\;{\pm}\;3.9$(0.6~11.2), As $25.2\;{\pm}\;39.0$(0.5~103.3), Hg $0.3\;{\pm}\;0.1$(0.1~0.5). The present study showed that difference of the amount of constituent in a same category of food are not affect to the content of heavy metals among them. The residual levels of takju, yakju, sake, beer, fruit wine, soju, whiskey, brandy, general distilled liquor, liquor, other liquors are within the maximum levels, prescribed by Korea food code. It is given that heavy metal exposure of Pb, Cd, As, Hg from consumption of alcoholic beverages (takju, yakju, sake, beer, fruit wine, soju, whiskey, brandy, general distilled liquor, liquor, other liquors) are less than 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.01%, 0.01% (mean) in provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) respectively, indicated by FAO/WHO.