• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.39-43
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• 1999

In this study, It obtained results that the exact spherical diopter to practice test by using Cross cyliner lens and Red Green Card method. In the test used to the 1750 eyes of middle and high school students. The results was as follows ; 1. Using Cross cylinder lens method, I tested a exact spherical diopter after accommodation. At -0.25 Dptr the ratio of spherical Dptr error limits were measured as 58% and at -0.75 Dptr they were oppeared as 1%, at -1.00 Dptr they are not measured. In this method, the error limits of exact spherical Dptr was 91% from 0 Dptr to -0.25 Dptr. 2. Using Red Green Card method, they were measured as 45% at -0.25 Dptr. and measured as 20% at -0.50 Dptr. From the result of these test, Cross cylinder lens method was a better detailed method than Red Green Card method.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.107-117
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between selfleadership and self-concept in nursing students. Methods: We used a descriptive correlation survey in a convenient sample of 818 subjects recently admitted into college in Seoul and the Kyungki province, Korea. The self-leadership and self-concept levels were measured using the self-leadership and self-concept scales, respectively. The subjects were given a self-report questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, t-test, ANOVA, scheffe-test and pearson correlation, using the SPSS software version 17.0. Result: Positive correlations were identified between the self-leadership and self-concept in the investigated nursing students. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that it is important to provide opportunities for the nursing students to participate in the programs designed for self-leadership and self-concept development.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.274-279
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• 2000

A 35-year-old female patient who had been paraplegic since her upper thoracic cord injury one and a half years before was presented with a syringomyelia involving C7 to T2 cord segments on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Her pain on the chest and bilateral axilla worsened since about 2 years after initial injury, and MRI demonstrated a progressively enlarging cystic syrinx cavity of the cervicothoracic cord. The posttraumatic syringomyelia was managed operatively by lysis of the arachnoid adhesions, myelotomy, and expansile duraplasty. Post-operatively her pain was relieved, and MRI showed decrease in size of the syrinx, and digital infrared thermographic imaging(DITI) showed diminution of the hyperthermic area on the anterior chest. In conclusion, the posttraumatic syringomyelia can be managed successfully without shunt operation. It seems apparent that expansile duraplasty is effective in controlling the posttraumatic syrinx.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.214-217
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• 1997

Electroconvulsive therapy(ECT) is one of the most effective treatment modalities for the treatment of depression, mania, schizophrenia, or other neuropsychiatric disorders. But, reportedly ECT also can produce various forms of cardiac arrhythmia. We experienced a case of ECT-induced arrhythmia(PVC) accompanied with chest pain in a schizophrenic patient during the course of plain ECT. We conclude that there is a possible causal relationship between ECT and cardiac arrhythmia(PVC). The mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmia(PVC) due to ECT may be explained by the effects of ECT to vagal and sympathetic nervous systems. from this case report, We suggest that careful cardiac monitoring before, during, and after ECT with appropriate anesthetic preparation to a patient may enable to minimize the cardiovascular side effects of ECT in the patients with neuropsychiatric disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2013

The goal of this study was to find the optimum lamina size from red pine (Pinus densiflora) and Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) logs for the cross laminated timber (CLT) production. From visual inspection of the logs from two species, red pine log showed a larger knot and warp compared to the Japanese cedar. Different cross-sectional sizes of lamina ($110mm{\times}30mm$, $110mm{\times}40mm$, $110mm{\times}50mm$, $50mm{\times}30mm$, $30mm{\times}30mm$) from two species were analyzed for yield and grade. Regardless of the species, the optimized cross sectional size for maximizing the yield was $110mm{\times}30mm$. In grading for the different size laminas from Japanese cedar and red pine, a higher percentage of the first and second grade was found from the $110mm{\times}30mm$ lamina cut.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.215-225
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• 2022

Background/Aims: The Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy published recommendations on safe endoscopy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to assess the practicality and applicability of the recommendations and the perceptions of endoscopy personnel on them. Methods: A validated questionnaire was sent to 1290 endoscopy personnel globally. Of these, the data of all 330 responders (25.6%) from 15 countries, related to the current recommendations on proper personal protective equipment (PPE), case selection, scope cleaning, and safety perception, were analyzed. Ordinal logistic regression was used to determine the relationships between the variables. Results: Despite an overwhelming agreement with the recommendations on PPE (94.5%) and case selection (95.5%), their practicality and applicability on PPE recommendations and case selection were significantly lower (p=0.001, p=0.047, p<0.001, and p=0.032, respectively). Factors that were associated with lower sense of safety in endoscopy units were younger age (p=0.004), less working experience (p=0.008), in-training status (p=0.04), and higher national prevalence of COVID-19 (p=0.003). High prevalent countries also had more difficulty implementing the guidelines (p<0.001) and they considered the PPE recommendations less practical and showed lower agreement with them (p<0.001 and p=0.008, respectively). A higher number of in-hospital COVID-19 patients was associated with less agreement with PPE recommendations (p=0.039). Conclusions: Using appropriate PPE and case selection in endoscopic practice during a pandemic remains a challenge. Resource availability and local prevalence are critical factors influencing the adoption of the current guidelines.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.172-178
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• 2000

With esthetic concern in the reconstruction of skin and soft tissue defects of face, the use of local flap has been the method of choice. However, when there is extensive tissue loss in the face, local flaps do not provide satisfactory results. The amazing development of microsurgical technique has decreased the percentage of free flap failure, thus making free flap use in reconstruction of facial soft tissue defects. Many free flaps has been applied for reconstruction of face defects. Especially, the radial forearm flap has numerous advantages with which facial reconstruction is made possible. But, its disadvantages are ; the sacrifice of one major artery supplying the hand and donor site complications. In order to circumvent these disadvantages, we employed posterior interosseous artery(PIA) forearm free flap for the reconstruction of the face defects. The posterior interosseous forearm island flap was first described by Zancolli and Angrigiani(1985). Currently, the PIA island flap and free flap have been used for hand reconstructions. The disadvantages of the PIA flap are ; the small caliber of the pedicle, different locations of the perforating branches, and the proximity of the motor branch of the radial nerve. But, its advantages lies in preserving the major artery of the hand, minimal donor site morbidity, and fairly well matched skin texture and color, and that the flap volume is sufficient, not too bulky with convenient handling. By using this flap, we performed 1 case of tumor resection and 1 case of traumatic defect. From our experiences we conclude that it is one of many useful methods in the reconstruction of the skin and soft tissue defects of the face. We also have discussed advantages and some limitations of various free flaps for reconstruction of the face.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.223-229
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• 2013

This study aimed to explore the clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics of intraocular cysticercosis due to Taenia solium metacestode infection. Total 8 patients diagnosed with intraocular cysticercosis at the Red Cross Hospital of Yunnan Province, China were examined retrospectively. Patients with clear dioptic media had undergone fundus chromophotography. All patients underwent B ultrasonography of the ocular region (CT) successive scanning of the orbit and cerebral tissues. Parasites were extracted surgically and then examined pathologically. The fundus chromophotography showed a white and condensing scolex package in the vesicle. The B ultrasonic examination showed a vesicle-like echogenic mass in the vitreous chamber, in which the high-level echo spot was the cysticercus scolex. The pathological examinations showed that the vesicle wall exhibited hyaline degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration, neuroglial fiber, and glial cell proliferation layers from the inside to the outside. The scolex is round and is composed of the outer tissue (the body wall) and the inner furrow tissue; these tissues migrated together. Primordially differentiated sucking discs were found in one case, but no hooklets were found. The inner scolex tissue was folded like a paper flower. The severity of intraocular disease is closely correlated with the pathophysiological processes of the cysticercus worm. Pathological examination of the intraocular lesions can help to evaluate the course of the disease as well as to provide a scientific basis for effective antiparasitic medication.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.245-249
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• 2009

Purpose: Labral lesions and its anatomic variants have been studied by several authors in the last decade. Buford complex and sublabral recess are most common variants. Their recognition is important in order to distinguish them from superior and anterior labral tear. Materials and Methods: We report one case of a 19-year-old female who was mistaken SLAP lesion for normal variant and was treated with arthroscopic surgery. Results: The arthroscopic finding shows rare normal variant of biceps anchor and superior labrum. The biceps long head tendon was inserted at superior labrum and supraspinatus tendon area. This finding was mistaken to SLAP lesion. Conclusion: We report rare normal variant of biceps anchor and superior labrum that was observed during arthroscopic surgery for SLAP lesion.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.174-178
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find factors influencing needlestick and sharp injuries (NSI). Methods: This study was a descriptive research for current situation of NSI, recognition and implementation for standard precaution, and factors influencing NSI exposures. The subjects were 450 nursing students of 2 universities in Seoul and Kyunggi-do. The data were collected from June to November, 2008. The gathered data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Results: The 33.8% of 450 nursing students experienced NSI during 2 weeks clinical training. NSI events were more common among third-year students than second-year students. The most common causative device causing needlestick injuries was blood glucose lancet as 12.4%. Frequencies influencing NSI were students' year and experience of needlestick injuries. Conclusion: The results suggest development of education guidelines for nursing students and implementation of continual systematic education and training in clinic to control blood-borne infections efficiently.