• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.74-83
• /
• 2008

Background and purpose : Health is characterized by variability, and the loss of variability is associated with aging and disease. Normal healthy respiratory patterns are characterized by breath to breath variability. Cold-Heat scores are quantified indices in Korean Medicine. The aim of this study is to analyze relations between 9 respiratory indices (including breath to breath variability) and HRV(heart rate variability). Method : Respiratory data were measured during a period of 15 minutes and transferred to text file. We calculated 9 respiratory parameters using MATLAB 7.1. Afterwards we did correlation analysis of the 9 respiratory indices and HRV. Results and conclusion : Respiratory variability showed significant correlation with HRV.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.193-199
• /
• 2006

Infectious and inflammatory bone diseases include a wide range of disease process, depending on the patient's age, location of infection, various causative organisms, duration from symtom onset, accompanied fracture or prior surgery, prosthesis insertion, and underlying systemic disease such as diabetes, etc. Bone infection may induce massive destruction of bones and joints, results in functional reduction and disability. The key to successful management is early diagnosis and proper treatment. Various radionuclide imaging methods including three phase bone scan, Ga-67 scan, WBC scan, and combined imaging techniques such as bone/Ga-67 scan, WBC/bone marrow scan add complementary role to the radiologic imaging modalities including plain radiography, CT and MRI. F-18 FDG PET imaging also has recently been introduced in diagnosis of infected prosthesis and chronic active osteomyelitis. Selection of proper nuclear medicine imaging method will improve the diagnostic accuracy of infections and inflammatory bone diseases, based on understading of pathogenesis and radiologic imaging findings.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
• /
• v.42 no.sup1
• /
• pp.166-171
• /
• 2008

PET of the cerebral metabolic rate of glucose is increasingly used to support the clinical diagnosis in the examination of patients with suspected major neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. $^{18}F-FDG$ PET has been reported to have high diagnostic performance, especially, very high sensitivity in the diagnosis and clinical assessment of therapeutic efficacy. According to clinical research data hitherto, $^{18}F-FDG$ PET is expected to be an effective diagnostic tool in early and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Since 2004, Medicare covers $^{18}F-FDG$ PET scans for the differential diagnosis of fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) under specific requirements; or, its use in a CMS approved practical clinical trial focused on the utility of $^{18}F-FDG$ PET in the diagnosis or treatment of dementing neurodegenerative diseases.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.77 no.1
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2014

The recovery of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) from respiratory specimens and the number of patients with NTM lung disease have been rapidly increasing in Korea. An early differential diagnosis of NTM lung disease from pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is important, as the therapeutic regimen differs from that of pulmonary TB, and it is not necessary to track the contacts of patients with NTM lung disease. However, differentiating NTM lung disease from pulmonary TB remains difficult, because the clinical presentations of the two diseases are similar and a definite diagnosis of NTM lung disease based on sputum culture takes time. This review focuses on the changing epidemiology, clinical and radiographic manifestation, and laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary TB and NTM lung disease in Korea.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.107-108
• /
• 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the use of machines to mimic intelligent human behavior. It involves interactions with humans in clinical settings, and augmented intelligence is considered as a cognitive extension of AI. The importance of AI in healthcare and medicine has been emphasized in recent studies. Machine learning models, such as genetic algorithms, artificial neural networks (ANNs), and fuzzy logic, can learn and examine data to execute various functions. Among them, ANN is the most popular model for diagnosis based on image data. AI is rapidly becoming an adjunct to healthcare professionals and is expected to be human-independent in the near future. The introduction of AI to the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases worldwide remains in the preliminary stage. AI-based or assisted diagnosis and decision-making will increase the accuracy of the diagnosis and render treatment more precise and personalized. Therefore, dental professionals must actively initiate and lead the development of AI, even if they are unfamiliar with it.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.1337-1340
• /
• 2007

Pulse diagnosis is one of the typical examination methods in traditional oriental medicine. However, it is necessary to obtain the objectivity for the standardization of this diagnosis. For this purpose, the pulse analyzer has been devised and studied, and the tonometric pulse analyzer displaying the pulse wave and its variables was developed recently. In this study, we investigated the effect of the sexuality of the individuals on the differences of the pulse wave as well as the correlation between the weight and the pulse wave to interrogate whether the pulse difference is not caused by the difference of sex but the size of individual.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.143-147
• /
• 2006

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare primary cutaneous small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, is a tumor with distinct cytological features. In many cases, immunohistochemical staining (IHC) is required for the differentiation from other small round cell malignancies. Here we describe the cytological findings of Merkel cell carcinoma; these findings contributed to the diagnosis prior to performing IHC. A lower eyelid mass was excised and submitted for frozen section diagnosis. The frozen section diagnosis was consistent with a malignancy, but the more specific diagnosis was limited by the lack of specific histological features. Touch imprint cytology revealed a high cellularity with loosely cohesive small to large sized cells. The tumor cells showed hyperchromatic nuclei with fine chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli, and thin-rimmed-cytoplasm including the characteristic eosinophilic button-like paranuclear inclusion, previously described as a pathognomonic cytological finding of MCC; this was not found in the H&E frozen section. In conclusion, we suggest that the touch imprint cytology may help in the differential diagnosis of small round cell neoplasms prior to performing IHC especially in frozen section diagnosis.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2008

Recently, skin diagnosis has been suggested as a promising tool for discrimination of Sasang Constitution, reported by examining the skin characteristics such as thickness, stiffness, slip, and skin textures like wrinkles and furrows. However, the works had a limitation in that clinical decision on the skin characteristics was made by relying upon oriental medicine doctors' subjective sense of touch. In order to objectify the skin diagnosis and claim its efficacy on the discrimination of the Sasang Constitutions, it is necessary to demonstrate its discrimination capability by providing numerical values in terms of physical quantities obtained from measurements using today's sensors and equipment technologies, which motivated this work as a priliminary step towards objectification of skin diagnosis. The skin characteristics focused in this work is the slip property of the back-hand skin that has been exploited using the dynamic friction measurement system. First, curved geometric effects of the back-hand skin on the measured lateral/vertical force signals were estimated using the artificially designed silicon coated structures, which led to a suggestion on a quality controlled experimental design based upon a empirical analysis model. Second, the experimental design thus suggested has been applied to the measurement of dynamic friction coefficients for two healthy male subjects of Taeumin (TE) and Soyangin (SY), respectively. The result shows that the dynamic friction coefficient is less for the SY subject than for the TE subject around the area of the skin used for diagnosis by the oriental medicine doctor, implying the TE subject's skin is more slippery than the SE subject's that is consistent with the oriental medicine doctor's diagnosis. Hopefully, this work can provide guidelines for obtaining quality data in friction measurement to be collected for discussion on the efficacy of the skin diagnosis and its objectification through statistical analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2010

Recently, lots of internet service companies provide on-line health diagnosis systems. But general persons not having expert knowledge are difficult to use, because most of the health diagnosis systems present prescriptions or dietetic treatments for diseases based on western medicine. In this paper, a self health diagnosis system of oriental medicine coinciding with physical characteristics of Korean using fuzzy ART algorithm, is proposed. In the proposed system, three high rank of diseases having high similarity values are derived by comparing symptoms presented by a user with learned symptoms of specific diseases based on treatment records using neural networks. And also the proposed system shows overall symptoms and folk remedies for the three high rank of diseases. Database on diseases and symptoms is built by several oriental medicine books and then verified by a medical specialist of oriental medicine. The proposed self health diagnosis system of oriental medicine showed better performance than conventional health diagnosis systems by means of learning diseases and symptoms using treatment records.

• The Korean Journal of Medicine
• /
• v.93 no.6
• /
• pp.509-517
• /
• 2018

A small number of viable tuberculosis bacilli can reside in an individual with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) without obvious clinical symptoms or abnormal chest radiographs. Diagnosis and treatment of LTBI are important for tuberculosis (TB) control in public and private healthcare facilities, particularly in high-risk populations. The updated 2017 Korean guidelines for TB recommend that tuberculin skin tests, interferon-gamma release assays, or a combination of them can be used for the diagnosis of LTBI, depending on the age and immune status of the patient as well as their TB contact history. For diagnosis of LTBI, exclusion of active TB is essential, and the possibility of healed TB in those without a history of treatment for TB but at risk of its development must be considered. The treatment options for LTBI include isoniazid, rifampicin, isoniazid/rifampicin, and isoniazid/rifapentine. The benefits and risks of these agents based on the age of the patient and their hepatotoxicity must be considered when selecting the appropriate drug. Standardized diagnosis and treatment of LTBI based on the updated 2017 guidelines will contribute to the control of TB in Korea as well as to further revisions of the guidelines.