• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.317-323
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• 2020

The aims of this study were to describe the appearance and size of the normal canine prostate using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to calculate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. MR images were obtained from seven intact male beagle dogs using a 1.5 T MR unit. The sequences included pre- and post-contrast T1- and T2-weighted imaging with and without fat saturation. The signal intensity of the prostate was compared with the adjacent musculature, fat, and urine in the urinary bladder. We recorded the mean prostatic length, width, and height and the length of the sixth lumbar vertebral body (L6). In addition, the prostatic length (rL), width (rW), and height (rH) ratios to L6 were calculated. Diffusion-weighted images of the prostate were obtained and ADC values were calculated. The prostate was bilobed and oval-shaped, homogenous on T1-weighted images, and heterogeneous with radiating lines on T2-weighted images. Post-contrast T1-weighted sequences showed contrast enhancement of the central and radiating striations. The prostatic capsule was clearly identified on post-contrast T1-weighted images with fat saturation. The ADC values were 1.72-2.04 × 10-3mm2/sec (mean, 1.88 × 10-3mm2/sec). Knowledge of the normal appearance of the prostate on MR images is essential to assess prostatic diseases in dogs.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to review articles related to PNF and easily provide information to readers who have difficulty reading papers or using PNF in clinics without a background in statistical knowledge. Methods: We used PubMed to collect papers on international studies and we conducted a search on April 28, 2014. Keywords used for the PubMed search were "PNF" and "Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation". The search results identified 765 papers that had been published since 1954. To target the papers for review, we selected 66 papers, excluding papers that were not published in online journals and papers that were written in a second language. Results: The reviewed papers consisted of studies that addressed basic principles and procedures, combined with other interventions, including PNF stretching concepts, and other diseases with PNF concepts. The articles related to basic procedures and principles reported on optimal contraction intensity, patterns, and irradiation. The articles related to stretching and strengthening reported on stretching the hamstring muscles in healthy subjects, in combination with other interventions such as neuromobilization, clinical massage, kinesio taping, and water immersion. The articles related to specific diseases reported on stroke, low back pain, athletic injury, total knee replacement, etc. Conclusion: In the 66 articles reviewed for this study, there was little evidence that PNF has therapeutic value. However, in future research on the application of PNF, investigators could conduct a more in-depth analysis of this topic and present more objective and useful information on the therapeutic benefits of PNF.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.643-658
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• 2024

To date, shell-solid and fibre element model analysis are the most commonly used methods to investigate the seismic performance of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) bridge piers. However, most existing research does not consider the loss of bearing capacity caused by the fracture of the outer steel tube. To fill this knowledge gap, a refined finite element (FE) model considering the ductile damage of steel tubes and the behaviour of infilled concrete with cracks is established and verified against experimental results of unidirectional, bidirectional cyclic loading tests and pseudo-dynamic loading tests. In addition, a parametric study is conducted to investigate the seismic performance of CFST bridge piers with different concrete strength, steel strength, axial compression ratio, slenderness ratio and infilled concrete height using the proposed model. The validation shows that the proposed refined FE model can effectively simulate the residual displacement of CFST bridge piers subjected to highintensity earthquakes. The parametric analysis indicates that CFST piers hold sufficient strength reserves and sound deformation capacity and, thus, possess excellent application prospects for bridge construction in high-intensity areas.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.3761-3771
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• 2010

본 연구는 사회자본(social capital) 이론에 기반을 두고 조직 구성원 간 관계망인 사회네트워크(social network)의 특성이 조직이 외부로부터 새로운 지식의 가치를 인식하고 이를 조직의 기존 지식과 결합하는 과정에서 흡수, 동화, 공유하는 흡수역량(absorptive capacity)에 어떠한 영향을 주는지, 나아가 지식사회에서 조직의 지속적인 경쟁우위를 위한 핵심역량인 이러한 흡수역량이 향후 조직의 혁신 성과에 어떠한 영향을 주는 지를 실증적으로 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 사회네트워크의 구성원 간 관계강도에 따라 관계가 약한 네트워크(외부 매개성이 높은 네트워크)와 강한 네트워크(내부 결속력이 높은 네트워크)는 각각 서로 다른 특징을 가지고 흡수역량 수준에 영향을 미치게 된다. 더불어 본 연구는 관계강도에 따른 다른 특징의 사회네트워크와 흡수역량 간 상호관계가 네트워크를 관리하는 관리자의 역량에 따라 달라질 수 있음을 조절효과로 검증하고자 한다. 지식기반산업에 종사하는 368명의 혁신 지향적 프로젝트 수행자를 대상으로 실증분석을 한 결과, 내부 결속력과 외부 매개성은 흡수역량에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 흡수역량 역시 혁신성과에 매우 유의한 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.481-488
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• 2017

전통민속식물지식이 빠르게 사라져 가는 상황에서 전통식물지식에 대한 기초조사를 통한 기록이 매우 중요한 과제가 되었다. 민속식물학 조사에서 조사강도와 민속식물정보, 식물종 정보의 증가에 관련성은 가장 중요한 과제이다. 본 연구에서는 국립수목원에서 발간된 자료를 이용하여 한반도 민속식물에 대한 메타 데이터를 DB화하여 분석하였다. 전통민속식물지식의 종풍부도에 추정은 ACE, Chao1, Chao 2, ICE, Jack 1, Jack 2, Bootstrap 등의 추정식을 이용하여 제시하였다. 종누적곡선 분석에서 지역별 종누적이 다른 양상을 보여 강원도의 누적곡선은 상대적 샘플링 노력이 더 필요하며충남 지역의 경우 조사 강도에 비해 일찍 수평선에 점근하는 특성을 보여 이지역의 조사 강도가 실제 정보량의 증가에 비해 높았다. 식용, 약용, 공예용 등의 종풍부도는 남녀간의 지식이 분포가 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 주변환경의 식물상과 비교분석을 통해 일부 지역의 경우 민속식물조사가 상대적으로 조사량이 부족하고 추가 조사시 더 다양한 종이 발굴 될 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.469-475
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• 2017

소프트웨어 개발시행 과정에서 소프트웨어 신뢰성은 매우 기본적이고 필수적인 문제 중에 하나이다. 소프트웨어 고장현상을 파악하기 위하여 비동질적인 포아송 과정에서 순간 고장률인 강도함수가 고장시간에 독립적으로 일정하거나, 증가형 혹은, 감소형 추세를 가질 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어 설계 과정에서 강도형태가 감소패턴을 따르는 랜들리 수명분포와 증가하다가 감소하는 어랑수명 분포를 활용한 소프트웨어 신뢰속성 모형에 대하여 신뢰도 장단점에 관한 연구를 하였다. 소프트웨어 고장현상을 파악하기 위하여 모수추정은 최우추정법을 적용하였다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어 고장시간 자료를 적용하여 소프트웨어 신뢰도를 비교하고, 평가하였다. 그 결과, 랜들리 모형이 어랑분포 모형보다 신뢰도가 상승하는 것으로 나타났으나, 어랑분포 모형에서는 형상모수가 높을수록 높은 신뢰도를 나타내는 추세를 보였다. 본 논문를 통하여 소프트웨어 기획 부서에서는 특정한 수명분포와 형상모수를 활용함으로서 소프트웨어 고장분석을 활용한 소프트웨어 신뢰성 모형에 대한 신뢰성 속성을 적용한 데이터 및 기본 지식을 제공함으로서 소프트웨어 설계에 실질적인 도움을 줄 수 있다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information for improving oral health and dental hygiene through comprehensive dental hygiene care. The subjects in this study were 54 patients who had been treated for 4 weeks in clinic of the Dental Hygiene Department of G University under comprehensive dental hygiene control and care and measured their oral condition, intensity of oral malodor, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (S-OHI), and Modified Personal Hygiene Performance Index (PHP-M), and surveyed their oral health behavior and oral health consciousness. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The intensity of malodor decreased by 16.49ppb from 75.33ppb on the first visit to 50.84ppb on the last visit when the comprehensive dental hygiene care had been finished. 2. As to change in S-OHI according to gender between the first visit and the last visit for comprehensive dental hygiene care, S-OHI decreased from 2.89 on the first visit to 1.16 on the last visit, and the difference was statistically highly significant. 3. As to change in PHP-M index by tooth according to gender and age between the first visit and the last visit, PHP-M index of the first 6 teeth decreased very significantly from 0.50 on the first visit to 0.34 on the last visit. 4. As a whole, significant improvement was observed in every tooth. According to gender and age, PHP-M index for Tooth No. 26, 36 and 32 decreased significantly in men and women, and those aged under 30 and those aged 30 or over, but for Tooth No. 13 and 15 and 44 it decreased significantly only in men and those aged 30 or over, and for Tooth No. 44 only in men. As presented above, the oral health behavior and oral health consciousness of the visitors to the oral prophylaxis practice room are very important, and it is necessary to enhance their interest in and knowledge of how to improve oral health. Furthermore, comprehensive dental hygiene care required for improving the visitors' oral health.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.79-88
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• 1986

Drought occurs most frequently and severely around transplanting season of the rice plants in Korea. Shortage of water due to drought for the paddy fields often delays transplanting, and less often the rice plants are subjected to water stress after delayed transplanting. The present study aimed at quantification of the rice crop loss due to delayed transplanting, different inten3ity of water stress, and the combined effect of delay in transplanting followed by water stress for better use of limited water for irrigation under drought. The rice variety Chucheong, a japonica, and Nampung, an indica x japonica, were grown, transplanted to 1/200 a plastic pots, and subjected to different timing of transplanting and degree of water stress under a rainfall autosersing, sliding clear plastic roof facility with completely randomized arrangement of 5 replications. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1.Twelve days or 22 days delay in transplanting without water stress reduced rice yield by 25% and 43% in the japonica variety, and by 15% and 60% in the indica x japonica variety. 2.The 10 days or 20 days water stress developed without irrigation after drainage in the rice plants transplanted at proper time lowered the water potential at the paddy soil 10cm deep to -4 bar, and -12 bar and caused rice yield reduction by 14%, and 45% in the japonica variety and by 8%, and 50% in the indica X japonica variety. 3.The 12 days delay in transplanting and 10 days or 20 days water stress reduced rice yield by 39% and 59% in the japonica variety, and by 38% and 52% in the indica x japonica variety. The 22 days delay in transplanting plus 10 days water stress caused yield reduction by 76%, i.e. meaningless yield, in both varieties. 4.The intermittent irrigation just to wet the soil body for 10 days after 10 days water stress without irrigation increased rece yield by 12 to 16% compared to the rice plants water stessed without irrigation continuously for 20 days in both varieties respectively. 5.The above results suggest strongly 1) to transplant the rice plants at proper .time even with some water stress rather than delay for sufficient water from later rainfall, and 2) to distribute insufficient irrigation water to broader area of transplanted rice with limited irrigation for better use of limited irrigation water. A greater sensitivity of japonica variety to a moderate water stress than the indica X japonica variety during initial rooting and tillering stage was noticed. To cope with frequent drought in rice culture, firstly the lasting time of transplanting without yield reduction should be clarified by region and variety, and secondly a scheme of rational distribution of limited water should be developed by region with better knowledge on the varietal distribution of limited water should be developed by region with better knowledge on the varietal responses to varying intensity of water stress.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1219-1229
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to describe and understand how diabetics dealt with the result of the various changes of lifestyle. The grounded theory approach of qualitative research methods was used for building a substantive theory about that. The subjects of this study were 10 clients who experienced diabetes from 4 to 30 years. The data was collected from August 1999 to November 1999 through in-depth interviews utilizing home visitation and telephone interview technique then it was and analyzed simultaneously by a constant comparative method in which the new data was continuously coded into categories and properties according to Strauss & Corbin,s methodology. One hundred six concepts were found and they were grouped into 35 categories and then into 14 categories. The results were as follows difficulty, unable to overcome the changes, disposition, disease process, tiredness, supportive environment, perception, handling, concent- ration, mastering, endurance, avoidance, giving up and tailoring. The core phenomenon was 'tiredness' and these categories were synthesized into one core concept, the process of tailoring. The process of tailoring in diabetics consisted of : 1) going through difficulty of disease management 2) experiencing tiredness from the difficulty of disease management 3) perception of disease from tiredness 4) undergoing various self-management 5) controlling the process of tailoring by one's own method. Six hypotheses were derived from the relation of these concepts and four types were from intensity of tiredness, direction of disposition, type of disease process and the level of supportive environment and perception. This study offers better understanding on diabetic experiences and may facilitate more appropriate interventive strategies to provide support, information and knowledge. The nurses should utilize the results to help diabetics enjoy their lives without any trouble and must continuously develop nursing knowledges and skills.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2005

비점오염 발생은 강우에 의한 지표면 유출과 밀접한 관련이 있는 관계로 모형을 이용한 비점오염 해석은 먼저 유역의 강우-유출의 명확한 관계해석을 필수조건으로 한다. 본 연구는 비점오염 모의에 많이 사용되고 있는 AnnAGNPS 모형의 다양한 유역특성별 강우-유출해석능력을 평가해 보았다. 결과를 통해 AnnAGNPS 모형은 대유역 모의에 적합하며 소유역 및 강우에 대한 유역의 반응시간이 짧은 불투수층이 많은 유역에 적용하는 것은 적합하지 않은 것으로 드러났다. 특히, AnnAGNPS 모형은 모의에 사용하는 시간간격 이 일단위(daily basis)이므로 하루보다 짧은 지속시간의 복합첨두치(mutiple peak flow)를 가지는 강우사상을 표현하는 기능이 없으며 따라서 첨두유량 예측에 상당한 오차 발생의 원인으로 드러났다. 또한 유출해석에 사용되는 CN방법은 지역적인 특성에 맞게 구축된 CN정보가 없는 관계로 초기치 선택에 신중함이 요구되며, 강우의 분포형과 더불어 반드시 주요 검정대상으로 다루어져야 할 매개변수였다.