• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.107-135
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• 2014

Cham identities which are socially constructed and multilayered, display their markers in a variety of elements, including homeland attachment to the former Kingdom of Champa, religion, language and cultural traditions, to mention a few. However, unlike other contemporary diasporic experience which binds the homeland and the host country, the Cham diaspora in Cambodia has a unique pattern as it seems to have no voice in the political and economic spheres in Vietnam, its homeland. The relations between the Cham in Cambodia and Vietnam seem to be limited to cultural heritages such as Cham musical traditions, traditional clothing, and the architectural heritage. Many Cham people have established networks outside Cambodia with areas of the Muslim world, like Malaysia, Indonesia, southern Thailand and the Middle Eastern countries. Pursuing education or training in Islam as well as working in those countries, especially Malaysia has become a way for the Cham to widen their networks and increase their knowledge of particularly, Islam. Returning to Cambodia, these people become religious teachers or ustadz (Islamic teachers in the pondok [Islamic boarding school]). This has developed slowly, side by side with the formation of their identity as Cham Muslims. Among certain Cham, the absence of an ancient cultural heritage as an identity marker has been replaced by the Islamic culture as the important element of identity. However, being Cham is not a single identity, it is fluid and contested. Many scholars argue that the Cham in Cambodia constitute three groups: the Cham Chvea, Cham, and Cham Bani (Cham Jahed). The so-called Cham Jahed has a unique practice of Islam. Unlike other Cham who pray five times a day, Cham Jahed people pray, once a week, on Fridays. They also have a different ritual for the wedding ceremony which they regard as the authentic tradition of the Cham. Indeed, they consider themselves pure descendants of the Cham in Vietnam; retaining Cham traditions and tending to maintain their relationship with their fellow Cham in Central Vietnam. In terms of language, another marker of identity, the Cham and the Cham Jahed share the same language, but Cham Jahed preserve the written Cham script more often than the Cham. Besides, the Cham Jahed teaches the language to the young generation intensively. This paper, based on fieldwork in Cambodia in 2010 and 2011 will focus on the process of the formation of the Cham identity, especially of those called Cham and Cham Jahed.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.481-492
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• 2023

This study explores how to build a Korean dataset to extract information from text using generative large language models. In modern society, mixed information circulates rapidly, and effectively categorizing and extracting it is crucial to the decision-making process. However, there is still a lack of Korean datasets for training. To overcome this, this study attempts to extract information using text-based zero-shot learning using a generative large language model to build a purposeful Korean dataset. In this study, the language model is instructed to output the desired result through prompt engineering in the form of "system"-"instruction"-"source input"-"output format", and the dataset is built by utilizing the in-context learning characteristics of the language model through input sentences. We validate our approach by comparing the generated dataset with the existing benchmark dataset, and achieve 25.47% higher performance compared to the KLUE-RoBERTa-large model for the relation information extraction task. The results of this study are expected to contribute to AI research by showing the feasibility of extracting knowledge elements from Korean text. Furthermore, this methodology can be utilized for various fields and purposes, and has potential for building various Korean datasets.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.663-670
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• 2023

Unlike previous studies that have looked at ESG management and ESG performance from a consumer perspective, this study aims to examine the relationship between attitudes toward ESG and ESG performance perception from the perspective of internal customers who are members of the organization. To this end, the impact of internal members' perceptions of the importance of each ESG area on the organization's ESG management necessity and performance perception was summarized into three research questions and the impact was identified using a structural equation model. As a result of the study, internal customers highly recognized the organization's ESG management needs when they recognized the E (environmental) and G (governance) areas as important, but there was no significant relationship with the ESG management needs in the S (social) area (Research Question 1). In addition, the relationship between the perception of importance in each ESG area and the organization's ESG management needs was found to be little different depending on internal customers' interest in ESG, the degree of ESG knowledge, and age (Research Question 2). Finally, it was found that internal customers who highly perceive the organization's ESG management needs were also positively aware of the organization's ESG performance level.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.809-814
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• 2023

Currently, there is a lack of research that directly applies and integrates science and technology in the field of dance and translates it into creative work. In this study, the researcher applied motion capture to creative dance performance 'Youth' and described the process of incorporating motion capture into scenes for the performance. The research method involved utilizing practice-based research, which derives new knowledge and meaning from creative outcomes through the analysis of phenomena and experiences generated on-site. The creative ballet performance "<Youth>" consists of a total of 4 scenes, and the motion-captured video in these scenes serves as the highlight moments. It visually represents the image of a past ballerina while embodying the meaning of a scene that is both the 'past me' and the 'dream of the present.' The use of motion capture enhances the visual representation of the scenes and plays a role in increasing the audience's immersion. The dance field needs to become familiar with collaborating with scientific and technological advancements like motion capture to digitize intangible assets. It is essential to engage in experimental endeavors and continue training for such collaborations. Furthermore, through collaboration, the ongoing research should extend the scope of movement through digitized processes, performances, and performance records. This will continually confer value and meaning to the field of dance

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.69-82
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• 2022

Shin Hong-gyun was born on August 20, 1881. The second son of Shin Tae-geom (申泰儉) in Sangsang-ri, Sinbukcheong-myeon, Bukcheong-gun,Hamgyeongnam-do. His family had been practicing East Asian medicine as a family business. At that time, the families of East Asian doctors who passed the general examination of the Joseon Dynasty had been continuing the East Asian medicine business from generation to generation. Starting with exile in North Gando in 1911, he was located in Wangga-dong, 17 Doo-gu, Changbaek-hyeon. In 1915, he met General Choi Un-san in Bongo-dong, treated the soldiers suffering from cellulitis, and participated in the training process to prepare for the upcoming anti-Japanese war. However, because of a growing difference of opinion with General Choi Woon-san, Shin Hong-gyun left Bono-dong after a year and mets Sorae Kim Jung-geon and joined the founding of Wonjonggyo and Daejindan, an anti-Japanese armed group. It is said that Shin Hong-gyun established many schools in Korean villages destroyed by the Gyeongshin disaster and 14 schools were established under the names of Wonjonggyo and Daejin. After the Japanese established the puppet Manchukuo in 1931, the Manchurian Defense Forces were formed. Koreans and Chinese immigrants to Manchuria worked together to carry out a joint Korean-Chinese anti-Japanese operation towards the Japanese Empire. In 1933, 50 of the Daejindan members joined the Korean Independence Army, and among them, Shin Hong-gyun began to work as a medical doctor in earnest. During an ambush in Daejeonryeong Valley, he could not get a proper meal and, to make matters worse, got wet in the rainy season, so the situation was a challenge in various ways. At this time, Shin Hong-gyun showed his knowledge of herbal medicine, picked black wood ear mushrooms that grew wild in the mountains, washed them in rain water, and provided food to the independence fighters and relieved them of hunger. After the Battle of Daejeon-ryeong, the Japanese army's suppression of the independence forces intensified, and most of the independence fighters escaped from the Chinese army's encirclement and were scattered. Ahn Tae-jin and others led the remaining units and continued the anti-Japanese armed struggle in the forest areas of Yeongan, Aekmok, Mokneung, and Milsan.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.934-950
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• 2009

This study attempts to identify the relationship between students' images of science and science learning, and their career choices. A total of 163 students (seventh graders) from three different middle schools participated in this study. Students' images of science and science learning were investigated using the Draw-A-Scientist Test (DAST) and the Draw-A-Science-Learner Test (DASLT), respectively. Then, students' drawings were analyzed using the Draw-A-Scientist Test Checklist (DAST-C) and the Draw-A-Science-Learner Test Checklist (DASLT-C). The relationship between each element composing the students' images and their career choices were analyzed. Among several elements constituting the students' image of science, 'expression,' 'lab coat,' 'oddity,' 'knowledge symbol,' 'technology symbol,' 'co-work,' 'danger,' and 'STS' showed significant differences between students who chose a science-related career and students who did not. It was also revealed that the following elements - 'expression,' 'learning type,' 'inquiry symbol,' and 'learning place' - were more significantly associated with a science-related career choice compared to other elements consisting of an image of science learning.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.359-392
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• 2023

Digital citizenship includes an evolving set of knowledge and skills related to effectively and ethically using technology, especially when interacting with other people, information, and media in the online context. As public libraries have long provided access to and training with a variety of technologies, this study explores how digital citizenship has been covered in public library programming to identify potential trends and best practices. A purposive sampling of public library recipients of the American Library Association (ALA) and Information Today Inc.'s Library of the Future Award over the past 11 years (2013-2023) identified 7 case libraries to review. The titles and descriptions of 337 relevant library programs for audiences of school-aged children (5 years old and up) to seniors were collected for a 2-month period from each library's website and analyzed using Ribble & Parks (2019) 9 elements of digital citizenship. The findings suggest that programming related to digital citizenship most often addresses themes connected to digital access and digital fluency through coverage of topics related to computer and technology use. Based on themes and examples from the findings, public libraries are encouraged to expand upon existing programs to integrate all elements of digital citizenship, strive for inclusive and accessible digital citizenship education for all ages, and leverage resources and expertise from relevant stakeholders and community partnerships.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.135-149
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop and implement an integrated course model that centers around the subject of Home Economics Education Curriculum and Teaching Methods and its pedagogical approaches, as well as the subject of Chinese Language and Literature Curriculum and Teaching Methods and its pedagogical methods. This study aims to provide a framework to prepare pre-service teachers to effectively address a variety of educational issues in future educational settings. To achieve these objectives, the study utilizes Fogarty's connected model as a guiding framework to explore the impact of the integrated curriculum on fostering collaborative and divergent thinking among students. The findings of this research confirm that this model not only cultivates interdisciplinary competencies among course participants but also goes beyond the mere transmission of knowledge to build the capacities needed for forming an educational community, thereby increasing course satisfaction. Additionally, the study substantiates the importance of learner-centered strategies, cooperative learning, and diverse evaluation mechanisms. Such an integrated course model has the potential to revolutionize not only pre-service teacher education but also to be applicable in in-service teacher training, thus contributing to solving a broader range of educational issues.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.181-193
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• 2024

Summative assessment provides information on how well students have achieved learning objectives, making the development of high-quality assessment items essential for accurate evaluation. This is one of the competencies that teachers must possess. This study aims to analyze summative assessment items created by pre-service elementary teachers, examining their intentions and the difficulties encountered in the item development process. The study involved 45 second-year students enrolled in an elementary teacher training university. They were grouped into teams of three and tasked with developing ten items, documenting the purpose of each item, the answer key, and the challenges faced during item creation. The collected summative assessment items were analyzed using a two-dimensional purpose classification table that includes Klopfer's taxonomy of educational objectives. The intentions behind the summative assessments and the difficulties faced during item development were inductively organized and analyzed through qualitative data analysis. The results revealed that pre-service elementary teachers adequately reflected scientific content elements but did not evenly cover assessment domains. The most challenging aspect for them was adjusting the difficulty level. Although they considered most factors that should be taken into account during item development, these considerations were not reflected in the actual items. These findings suggest that knowledge and experience are crucial in developing summative assessment items, and systematic lectures are necessary for pre-service elementary teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.58-90
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• 1989

This study was attempted to contribute to the development of school health by providing the basic data about the distribution basis and distribution aspect of teachers holding additional school health that are in charge of school health business in parimary schools, middle schools and high schools without any nurse-teacher. This study analyzed literatures about the history, related laws, organization and professional manpower of school health. The emphasis was set on the distribution basis of theachers holding additional school health. The results of this study are as following: 1. The school health of the world dates to the late 18th century in Europe where was free supplying with food for poor children. The school health of Korea orginated from smallpox vaccination which was executed with appearance of modern schools in the late 19th century. 2. The related laws of school health began as a part of Education Law with was constituted in 1949. By the School Health Law constituted in 1967 and the enforcement ordinance of School Health made firm the legal basis of school health. 3. The administrative organs of school health are the Ministry of Education in center and each Board of Education in cities and provinces. For the first time in 1979, the department of school health was established in the organization of the Ministry of Education. And at about the same time of establishment of the department of school health, health section was established in the department of social physical-training in locality. 4. In the manpower of school health which was presented in the related statute of school health, there are the ward chief of education, the superintendent of educational affair, of cities and districts, the mayors, the governors of provinces, the school managers, the principals, the school doctors, the school pharmacists, and the nurse-teachers, including teachers holding additional school health as the practical manpower of school health. 5. In order to get some information on distribution aspect of teachers additional school health, this study made up a questionnaire from August 3 to August 11, 1988. The subjects of this study were 212 leachers who took part in the yearly training for teachers holding additional school health from Kyunggi province, Chungbuk province and Jeonbuk province. The results of the questionnaire are as following: 1. The distribution percentages of teachers holding additional school health according to each Board of Education wich schools are subject to, are as following:70.1% (Kyunggi), 76.5% (Chungbuk), and 81.4% (Jeonbuk). There was a significant difference. The distribution percentages of teachers holding additional school health according to the school levels of 3 provinces are as following: 74.1% (Primary schools), 77.8% (Middle schools), 76.7% (High schools). There were little significant differences. 2. The distribution according to the general characteristics of the subject schools: There were 64.2 percent of primary schools and 35.8 percent of middle schools among 212 schools. 91. 5 percent of schools were located in districts. Public schools formed 55.7% and then national schools were higher in percentage than private schools. 58.5 percent of schools had 1-9 classes, 64.6 percent of schools had 101-500 students, and 90 percents of schools had 1-20 teachers. In considering student sex, the coed school showed the high distribution percentage (Primary schools : 100%, Middle schools: 81.6%). 3. The distribution according to the characteristics of teachers holding additional school health: 93.3 percent of teachers were female, and more than 60 percent of teachers were 20-29 years old. As the age got higher, the percentage became lower. There were little significant differences by marital status. In considering their educational status, 86.8 percent of teachers in primary schools were from teacher's colleges, and 64.5 percent of teachers in middle schools were from education colleges. In considering teaching career, 46.7 percent of teachers had teaching career of less than 2 years. 73.6 percent of teachers had held additional school health for less than one year. More than 80 percent of teachers had participated in the training one time or twice. More than 70 percent of teachers had 1-2 additional jobs except for the school health business. The motivation to hold additional school health is most caused by mandatory order, which accounts for more than 80.0 percent. In considering interesting degree concerning school health, lukewarm answer is the highest of 62.7 percent, followed by affirmative answer of 23.6 percent. In considering their contentment degree respecting additional school health job, "discontent or very discontent"is the highest of 47.6 percent. As a descontent reason of additional school health job, overwork is the highest factor of 37.9 percent. Among addiitional school health job, the most difficult affair is nursing service to be 34.0 percent, followed by health education of 31.6 percent. It testify the need of professional. The source of knowledge about school health has been acquired from masscommunication or private health experience, which account for as much as 56.1 percent. It shows seriousness of lack of professionalism. With regard to neccessity of school health experts, 95.8 percent represents absolute need. With above consideration of study results, I propose as follows : 1. I propose that the authorities concerned unify and improve statute respecting current school health which has not been steadfastly supporting school health business by ambiguity of expression and dualization. 2. I propose that the authorities concerned give the school manager, school staffs and parents of students educational chance with which they can acknowledge the importance of school health and in which they can participate as well as set up alternative policy plan to be albe to vitalize school health committee. 3. I propose that administrative organization practicable to taking totally charge of school health business is established within the Ministry of Education. 4. I propose that the authorities concerned back up and cooperate in an attempt by make school health better and desirable toward development by way of appointing qualitied health teachers on the basis of legally regular teacher staffs.