• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.297-320
• /
• 2004

Household Register of South Kyongsang Province compiled by the Korean government in 1904 keeps complete details on local houses of eleven out of a total of thirty-one counties in the district. This study examines, band on e analysis of the primary source materials, e specifics of traditional housing of South Kyongsang Province with special reference to the magnitude of housing lots, size of dwellings, land and house ownership, and distribution of thatch and tile roof houses by dong, myon and county. Findings from the survey of the household register suggest that approximately 20 percent of households were established on the private or rented public lands, that 90 percent resided in undersized housing with just one or two rooms besides a kitchen, and that the regional average of dwelling size was no bigger than 2.75 rooms. The fact clarifies that the three-room thatch houses prevailed in South Kyongsang Province about a century ago. The miserable living conditions were tranalated into a constricted personal space of 2 to 4 square meters and a small-size household of less than 4 family members.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2007

This study aims at examining the actual conditions of lighting environment and the consciousness and responses of residents with the living room of apartment house, grasping the problems of existing lighting methods, offering the lighting environment design standard in harmony with the various demands of residents, functions of living room space, life in living room and interior decoration and then pursuing the comfortable living environment. As the scope and methods of research for these, existing research methods are examined through the consideration of preceding researches and the basic outline of this research is constructed. Questionnaire survey is conducted with six apartment complexes including Kumho district, Munhung district, Sangmu district, Unnam district, Ilkok district and Chumdan district, the problems and improvements of lighting environment conditions are examined, conception and selection of lighting equipment design image are made, lighting equipment design of living room is suggested and the expected effects of lighting equipment ordering method are arranged as follows. As a result of examining and analyzing the lighting environment of living room in existing apartment houses, it is known that the conditions of existing lighting environment considered uniform lighting plan for functional sides of each room which didn't consider the various living behaviors and preference of residents and while the degree of interior decoration design is actually positive. Accordingly it seems that the lighting equipment ordering which considers the various preferences of residents is applied as the means for comfortable lighting environment, the interior environmental mood will be greatly improved.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to propose a method of developing an improved Hanok. To achieve this, an investigation was carried out on the factors of the main floor plan in the improved Hanok development and an interview was conducted with residents who live in the improved Hanok development. The conclusions obtained through this study are as follows: First, The shape of 一 was marked at the highest in the Korean traditional plan types such as 一, ㄱ and 田. It is considered that this reduces the cost of construction by simplifying the structure of the roof. Second, the size was consisted of $5{\times}3$ Kan, the Korean traditional module that determines the number of columns and expresses the position of the inner wall. However, the Kan measure ments for the bathroom and multi-purpose room differed. Third, 57.6% of the 2 bedroom units were investigated. However, 60% of the residents preferred 3 bedroom units. Fourth, the results of the relationship between the living room and the kitchen showed that the residents preferred L+DK type to LDK type by 54.2% and 45.8% respectively. Fifth, the residents preferred a bathroom constructed next to the bedroom because they considered that the improved Hanok development would be used as an Inn during holiday periods. Moreover, they desired a plan where the bathroom could be directly entered from the outside. Sixth, the design for the improved Hanok development should have a suitable multipurpose-room because 72.5% of the residents have extended their house to accommodate such a room. Seventh, 61% of the improved Hanok units had an entrance space, which does not exist in Korean traditional houses. For this reason, the Korean traditional floor (: the Maru) was avoided due to its inconvenience.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.109-117
• /
• 2017

It becomes increasingly important to develop sustainable housing to protect environment. The certification system for long-life housing was made to use houses for more than one hundred years in 2014. The long-life housing should be able to meet new demands by change of the population structure; low birthrate, aging and increase of single households. Therefore, it is necessary to suggest a prototype of long-life housing for partial rent. The objective of this study is to suggest a prototype for dividing housing in the long-life validation complex, which has design consideration for dividable house. The construction costs of a prototype for dividing housing is evaluated by comparing with other prototype without regard to dividing housing. The results were as follows: (1) The prototype for diving housing should be added an entrance, bathroom, kitchen for tenant, and above all, maintenance fees for tenant have to be managed seperately from house owner. (2) The equipment system for dividing housing should be designed when planning the space of house. However, design for diving housing should be reflected the unit plan at a minimum on what will and will not happen.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.423-430
• /
• 1998

The purposes of this study were to (a) measuring attitude and satisfaction of Yonsei university students towards contracted vs. rented university foodservices, (b) determine university students' overall satisfaction & perception regarding the factors improved towards university foodservice and (c) provide recommendation on marketing strategies for university foodservices. Questionnaires were hand delivered to 600 Yonsei University students by designated coordinators. A total of 549 questionnaires were usable; resulting in an 93% response rate. The survey was conducted between October 12 to October 18, 1995. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS Programs for descriptive analysis, T-test, ${\chi}^2-test$, ANOVA, Factor Analysis and Stepwise Multiple Regression. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Performance mean score for contracted foodservice management in terms of food, menu, price, hygiene, facilities was higher than for rented foodservice management. 2. The average satisfaction score for contracted foodservice management in terms of price was lower than for rented foodservice management. There was no gap between contracted foodservice management and rented foodservice management in overall satisfaction score and price satisfaction score. 3. Perception regarding the factors improved of thirteen factors to be improved except operating hours, waiting time, price, food quantity were perceived as better by students. 4. Perception regarding the factors improved have correlation with foodservice qualify attribute's performance. 5. According to multiple regression analysis, 92.05% of the variance in respondents' satisfaction score could be explained by procedure after meal, purchasing procedure, operating hours, availability of breakfast, waiting time, atmosphere, price, facilities, service endeavor to survey satisfaction in foodservice, availability of kitchen and wall space, portion size, taste of food, change of cafeteria name, the number of seats, and variety of menu.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.11
• /
• pp.770-775
• /
• 2007

Although these days application of heat recovery ventilation and improved kitchen ventilation system came into wide use in mixed-use residential buildings and exclusive residences, there are not enough ventilation systems except the local ventilation of kitchens and rest rooms. It is very important part to regulate and distribute correct air flow rate for controlling air change rate. The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of distributor at house ventilation system by comparing a duct system with out distributor and with distributor. The results of this study are as follows. (1) When using distributor though the size of duct diameter is reduced rapidly, the pressure loss doesn't rise largely. The pressure loss without distributor is 4.08 mmAq, the pressure loss with distributor 4.10 mmAq. (2) To use distributor can reduce materials of duct and secure enough ceiling space by reducing duct diameter. (3) Diameters and air flow paths of distributor on the design stage are important part for accurate air flow rate.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.7-25
• /
• 2009

Hakbongjongtaek(The head house of Uisong Kim family, 鶴峯宗宅), firstly built in the early 17th century, was moved to its neighboring place in the late 18th century. The man who led the relocation(移建) of the house was the eldest grandson of the family, Jong-soo, Kim. He made and overall plan and also participated in building the house. There remain four Gados(family paintings, 가도(家圖)) related to the relocation plan. This paper aims to make an analysis of these Gados, and through analysis, to find what was the essential poing of the relocation plan and how the point was represented in the paintings. The result of analysis is as follows: 1. The main focus of relocation plan was the form of Anchae(the inner house). Anchae was designed as asymmetrical form, and restricted to four kan. Only Andaechung needed to be 6 kan size for religious ceremonies. 2. For the design of Sarangchae, the displacement of large Sarangbang and small Sarangbang was an important issue. There were two ways of layout: parallel type and facing type. The latter was chosen. 3. The representation and techniques of Gado is quite concrete, in spite of differences among them. The expression of doors, windows, attic and kitchen was based on the understanding of space. Also the spatial division, which was expressed line on the grid, was based on the scaled ruler. As we've seen before, painting the relocation plan was a kind of endeavors to make the housing type as a realization of Garye. Also, we can find out that role of the eldest grandson of the family was quite important to carry out the plan. As well as, it was meaningful to examine Sadaebu (the aristocrat of Chosun)'s perception of housing.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.81-94
• /
• 2010

This qualitative research was designed to explore the use of housing among Korean Chinese people in Harbin, China. Focusing on the use which based on the epistemology of housing adjustment, this was particularly designed to examine its cultural assimilation and acculturation on the way of life course, it employed the in-depth interview on the oral history of 5 interviewees in their 60s and 70s, individualized interviews were conducted from May 28 to 31 in 2010. Key findings were summarized as follows; 1. The free market reform in China resulted in privatization that allowed respondents to become homeowners, and the ownership was viewed as part of family asset centered upon a sense of solidarity. 2. Although homeowners in multi-story houses were responsible to decorate interior spaces, the common features in using interior spaces were found: entrance had no thresholds; kitchen was small, lack of storage cabinets, tile-flooring; washers were installed inside bathroom; and newly built apartment didn't have proper space to store Korean fermented foods. It was observed that housing adaptation outweighed housing adjustment. Those who used to live in Chinese houses with indoor-wearing-shoes or Russian houses with indoor-wearing-slippers were receptive to the use of dining table and bed, and the community heating system discouraged the use of individual electric water heater because of high electricity cost. 3. In daily life, eating habit wasn't much changed to the Chinese style, meals were shared, dish sterilizer was popular, and Kimchi fridge wasn't used. Because of the influence of the Chinese culture, such Korean traditions as ancestral rites and bedroom allocation tradition faded away, but traditional family values remained unchanged. In conclusion, Korean Chinese people experience normative housing deficits and adaptation selectively incurred. It's implied that residential design meets the needs resulting from the dual culture in terms of cultural assimilation and acculturation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.86-95
• /
• 2007

The objective of this research is to provide basic materials for future development of unit household plane of lease apartment house by comparing and analyzing the unit household plane of SH Corporation lease apartment house in Korea and PHA apartment house in the state of Minnesota, USA. For this purpose, the researcher chose 8 SH Corporation lease apartment houses in Yangcheon-gu Korea and 16 PHA apartment houses in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. Drawing of 8 complexes of Korea SH Corporation, literary materials collected by Korea House Corporation and SH Corporation and the plane of USA were analyzed and the unit household plane of Korea and USA were processed by CAD to ensure exact analysis. Based on the drawing for CAD, the materialization work was implemented. The total size of materialized drawing and size of each room was drawn by using 'CAD POWER 2005' program. The result of this research is as follows. The plane of SH Corporation lease apartment house shows the difference in the plane composition from 12 pyung. Since LIVING ROOM is described in the drawing, the living room and bedroom seen in the existing size less than 12 pyung become independent as they are separate. While SH Corporation is composed in the form of kitchen that functions as dining room, living room functions as dining room in PHA. While SH Corporation shows 5 types, PHA shows different pattern in each complex. This is probably because PHA has diverse complexes. All planes of SH Corporation have entrance, which reflect the own character of Korea as it is. In PHA, the portion of receipt and storage space is very high.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2016

The current smart lighting is shaped to offer the lighting environment suitable for current context, after identifying user's action and location through a sensor. The sensor-based context awareness technology just considers a single user, and the studies to interpret many users' various context occurrences and conflicts lack. In existing studies, a fuzzy theory and algorithm including ReBa have been used as the methodology to solve context conflict. The fuzzy theory and algorithm including ReBa just avoid an opportunity of context conflict that may occur by providing services by each area, after the spaces where users are located are classified into many areas. Therefore, they actually cannot be regarded as customized service type that can offer personal preference-based context conflict. This paper proposes a priority-based LED lighting control system interpreting multiple context conflicts, which decides services, based on the granted priority according to context type, when service conflict is faced with, due to simultaneous occurrence of various contexts to many users. This study classifies the residential environment into such five areas as living room, 'bed room, study room, kitchen and bath room, and the contexts that may occur within each area are defined as 20 contexts such as exercising, doing makeup, reading, dining and entering, targeting several users. The proposed system defines various contexts of users using an ontology-based model and gives service of user oriented lighting environment through rule based on standard and context reasoning engine. To solve the issue of various context conflicts among users in the same space and at the same time point, the context in which user concentration is required is set in the highest priority. Also, visual comfort is offered as the best alternative priority in the case of the same priority. In this manner, they are utilized as the criteria for service selection upon conflict occurrence.