• Development and Reproduction
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 2014

Fish larvae are immediately exposed to microbes from hatching to maturation of their lymphoid organs, therefore effective innate mechanisms is very important for survival. However, the knowledge of the development of immune system in fish is limited and in demand now. In vertebrates, recombination-activating gene 1 (RAG-1) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) have been considered as very useful markers of the physiological maturity of the immune system. In this study, the expression of the both genes was assessed throughout the early developmental stages of olive flounder larvae (5-55 dph) and used as markers to follow the development of immune system. RAG-1 and IgM mRNA expression was detectable at 5 dph and remained so until 55 dph. These patterns of expression may suggest that the olive flounder start to develop its function around 5 dph. Tissue distribution was found that both genes mRNAs are only expressed in the immune-related organ such as spleen, kidney and gill. The early detection of IgM mRNA led to the investigation of its presence in oocytes. Both RAG-1 and IgM mRNA transcripts were detected in unfertilized oocytes, suggesting that they are maternally transferred. The biological significance of such a phenomenon remains to be investigated.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.122-132
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodic video education on knowledge about hemodialysis, patient role behavior and the physiologic index in patients with hemodialysis. Methods: One-group pretest-posttest design was applied. A total of 50 patients with hemodialysis at a university hospital hemodialysis unit in Daegu participated. Periodic video education about kidney function, diet, arteriovenous fistula management, medication, and exercise was administered to them for 12 weeks at intervals of 2 weeks. Before and after the education, the participants completed the self-administered questionnaires of knowledge about hemodialysis and patient role behavior and the measures of serum potassium and phosphorus concentration, weight gain between hemodialysis sessions, and adequacy of dialysis (Kt/V). Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test. Results: Knowledge about hemodialysis and patient role behavior were significantly different between before and after education (p<.01). For the physiologic index, serum potassium concentration and weight gain between hemodialysis sessions were not significantly different but the serum phosphorus concentration and Kt/V were significantly different between before and after education (p<.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that the periodic video education for patients with hemodialysis contributed to the change and improvement in knowledge about hemodialysis, patient role behavior, and the physiologic index.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2017

Purpose: To classify the results of renal biopsy in pediatric patients and to compare pathological findings with clinical features. Methods: This study included data of 318 children who underwent renal biopsy at our hospital between December 1987 and November 2014. Biopsy specimens were examined histopathologically using light, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. Results: Asymptomatic urinary abnormalities was the most common clinical diagnosis (35.9%), followed by nephrotic syndrome (29.3%), and acute glomerulonephritis (18.0%). Glomerular disease was identified in 98.1% of the renal biopsy specimens. The most common primary cause of glomerulonephritis was IgA nephropathy, with gross hematuria in 61.9% of the patients, hypertension in 14.2%, proteinuria >1.0 gm/24-hr in 33.3%, and impaired renal function in 3.6% patients. Conclusion: The most common clinical diagnosis was asymptomatic urinary abnormalities, with primary glomerular disease being the most common renal biopsy finding, and IgA nephropathy the most common histopathological lesion. This study provides a 27-year overview of pediatric renal disease at our center and underlines the importance of renal biopsy for accurate diagnosis and proper management.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.404-414
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• 2015

Taurine is one of the most abundant free ${\beta}$-amino acids in the human body that accounts for 0.1% of the human body weight. It has a sulfonic acid group in place of the more common carboxylic acid group. Mollusks and meat are the major dietary source of taurine, and mother's milks also include high levels of this amino acid. The leukocytes, heart, muscle, retina, kidney, bone, and brain contain more taurine than other organs. Furthermore, taurine can be synthesized in the brain and liver from cysteine. There are no side effects of excessive taurine intake in humans; however, in case of taurine deficiency, retinal abnormalities, reduced plasma taurine concentration, and other abnormalities may occur. Taurine enters the cell via a cell membrane receptor. It is excreted in the urine (approximately 95%) and feces (approximately 5%). Taurine has a number of features and functions, including conjugation with bile acid, reduction of blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels, promotion of neuron cell differentiation and growth, antioxidant effects, maintenance of cell membrane stability, retinal development, energy generation, depressant effects, regulation of calcium level, muscle contraction and relaxation, bone formation, anti-inflammatory effects, anti-cancer and anti-atherogenic effects, and osmotic pressure control. However, the properties, functions, and effects of taurine require further studies in future.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.923-927
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• 2002

Congenital hepatic fibrosis is a relatively rare disease, characterized by bile ductular proliferation and prominent fibrosis in the portal area of liver resulting in portal hypertension. It is frequently associated with other abnormalities such as polycystic kidney, Caroli syndrome, cystic dysplasia of pancreas, intestinal lymphangiectasia, pulmonary emphysema, hemangioma, and cleft palate. We report here a case of congenital hepatic fibrosis associated with renal tubular ectasia in a 3-year-old girl, whose chief complaint was abdominal distension. Her liver function test did not reveal any abnormal findings. Hepatosplenomegaly and multiple dilated bile ducts were seen in the abdominal CT scaning. Esophageal varix was not detected by an endoscopic examination. Microscopically, diffuse portal fibrosis and widening with proliferation of blie ductules in the liver specimen and tubular ectasia in renal cortex were seen.

• Proceedings of the Society of Korea Industrial and System Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.243-257
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• 2002

A study on processing for producing cure seat radiated by Original Infrared Rays and Magnatic force. We are well aware that Original Infrared Rays and Magnatic force influence on our human body benificially. In the technical background of this research product, we treated that the product has some operations of ceramic hardwood charcoal, far infrared rays and magnetic, so it can serve large part curative values made of far infrared rays and magnetic force of ceramics. Also, in the special quality of the product deal with ceramic, hard charcoal, ferrite, gelatin what is needed in production. And among them, ferrite, ceramic and hard charcoal are introduced by the manufacturing process of the moleculeization. In concluding, this study described the manufacturing process on the basis of the worksheets and arranged the useful effect which effect on human body. There are so many symptoms in the pain of muscle. It's very various. for example, it is the cause of the liver, the spleen and a kidney function's weakening. the cause of the backbone subluxation, the cause of the shoulder joint and scapula, the cause of the sacrum and iliacjoint, the cause of hip joint and the cause of a sprain. In this thesis, we mainly deal with the method which the muscle and nervous system disease by fatigue and a sprain cure seat radiated by Original Infrared Rays and Magnatic force. then, Original Infrared Rays and Magnatic force pack up frapezius muscle, gluteus minimum muscle, gluteus medius muscle, gluteus maximus muscle, pririformis muscle around the spine. through this course the moral pressure by the nervous system disease can be treat.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.63-74
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• 1974

This study was carried out to observe the direct effect of hydrocortisone on renal function by infusing it into a renal artery. Hydrocortisone (5mg/kg) or saline (0.5 ml/kg) was infused directly into the left renal artery of the rabbit, the right kidney was left intact to serve as a control for general action of acetazolamide (10 mg/kg) or aminophylline (10 mg/kg), which was administered intravenously 30 minutes after the direct infusion of pretreated drugs (hydrocortisone or saline). The changes of urine volume, pH, urinary excretion rates of $Na^+,\;K^+\;and\;Cl^-$, and the clearances of inulin and PAH were measured at an interval of 10 minutes for half an hour after the direct infusion of hydrocortisone or saline, and for one hour after intravenous administration of acetazolamide or aminophylline. The results of the experiment were as follows: 1. Significant changes in urine volume and urinary electrolytes (excreted rates of $Na^+,\;K^+\;and\;Cl^-$) were observed in the hydrocortisone-infused group 10 minutes after the administration of acetazolamide, compared with the saline-infused group. Especially, the effect was more potent on the infused (left) side than on the contralateral (right) side. 2. Significant changes in urine volume and urinary electrolytes were also observed in all the aminophylline-treated groups, but no remarkable difference was noticed between the hydrocortisone-infused group and the saline-infused group, nor between the left and right sides. 3. No signicant changes in the clearances of inulin and PAH were in the infused (left) side of all the experimental groups, as compared with the contralateral (right) side. From the above results, it is obvious that hydrocortisone infused into a renal artery exerts diuretic action when administered in combination with acetazolamide, and the mechanism of action rests not on its hemodynamic change for renal blood flow, but on the potentiation of carbonic anhydrase inhibiting action. However, the exact mode of action remains yet to be clarified.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.347-352
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• 1999

This cDNAs were cloned with the aid of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by sequences based on cloned rat LH/CG and FSH receptor cDNAs. A cDNAs of LHR and FSHR were transfected into the 293 cells. Several clonal cell lines were obtained expressing different numbers of cell surface receptors. One cell lines for each LHR and FSHR were chosen, and a corresponding cell lines expressing the wild type LHR and FSHR were selected based on the number of cell surface receptor for the particular LHR and FSHR. The abilities of the LHR and FSHR to transduce the hCG and FSH signals were measured by quantitating cAMP accumulation in cells incubated with increasing concentrations of hCG and FSH. The cAMP accumulation effects for these receptors were increased by the increasing concentrations of hCG and FSH. Thus, most of the receptors expressed in cells transfected with LHR and FSHR could be detected by measuring hormone binding and cAMP response, and can utilize to study the structure function and signal transduction of the choriogonadotropins and glycoprotein hormones.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1201-1209
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• 2007

The present study was designed to examine whether water extract of Acanthopanacis cortex(AC) has an effect on renal functional parameters in association with the expression of aquaporin 2 (AQP-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the ischemia/reperfusion induced acute renal failure (ARF) rats. Polyuria caused by down-regulation of renal AQP 2 in the ischemia-induced ARF rats was markedly restored by administration of AC (200 mg/kg, p.o.) with restoring expression of AQP 2 in the kidney. Administration of AC lowered the renal expression of HO-1, which was upregulated in rats with ischemia/reperfusion-induced ARF. The renal functional parameters including creatinine clearance, urinary sodium excretion, urinary osmolality, and solute-free reabsorption were also markedly restored in ischemia-ARF rats by administration of AC. Histological study also showed that renal damages in the ARF rats were abrogated by administration of AC. Taken together, the present data indicate that AC ameliorates renal defects in rats with ischemia/reperfusion-induced ARF.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.123-126
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• 2010

The purpose of present study was to analyze mineral contents in various tissues and investigate theirs relation with bone mineral density (BMD) in rats. Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats were fed standard diet for 4 weeks. Body weight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency ratio were 41.00 g/week, 171.15 g/week, and 0.24 respectively. Among 12 minerals in serum, Ca is the highest with 6.86 mg/dl. Serum Mg, Se, and Cu were 2.52 mg/dl, 0.23 mg/dl and 0.22 mg/dl respectively. Mg contents in liver, spleen, and kidney were $246.36\;{\mu}/g$, $105.01\;{\mu}/g$, and $273.38\;{\mu}/g$ respectively. Tibia contents of Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe and V were 194.91 mg/g, 23.10 mg/g, 0.60 mg/g, 0.35 mg/g and 0.14 mg/g respectively. BMDs of right tibia and spine were 122.04 mg/cm and $153.61\;mg/cm^2$. There were significantly positive correlations between tibia BMD and Se (p<0.05), tibia BMD and V (p<0.01), spinal BMD and V(p<0.05), respectively. It's expected that these results are used as a reference data in following study to elucidate physiological function of minerals.