• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.243-252
• /
• 2013

Among the 16 hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes of avian influenza virus (AIV), only the H5 and H7 subtypes have caused highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in poultry. However, most H5 or H7 subtype viruses are categorized as low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI). Some AIVs, including the H5 and H7 HPAI viruses, have shown the ability to infect humans directly. In this study, we describe the biological and molecular characterization of an H5N3 AIV (SBD/KR/KNU SYG06/06) isolated from spot-billed duck (Anas poecilorhyncha) in Korea. A phylogenetic analysis of the eight viral genes showed that the SBD/KR/KNU SYG06/06 isolate belongs to the Eurasian lineage and that the SBD/KR/KNU SYG06/06 isolate was clearly different from HPAI H5N1 strains, including human isolates and the Italian HPAI H5N2 strains. Additionally, no relationship was found between SBD/KR/KNU SYG06/06 and the Korean HPAI H5N1 isolates. The SBD/KR/ KNU SYG06/06 isolate had avian specific receptor binding site residues in the HA protein and the four C-terminal amino acids in the NS1 protein. The HA protein of the SBD/KR/KNU SYG06/06 isolate exhibited the typical LPAI motif at the cleavage site and this virus produced no cytopathic effects in MDCK cells without trypsin. Given these results, we suggest that the H5N3 AIV isolated from the spot-billed duck should be considered an LPAI virus and should have no pathogenic effect in humans.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2011

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a member of the Avibirnavirus genus of the Birnaviridae family which genome consists of two segments (A and B) of double stranded RNA. Segment A gene of KNU08010 isolate, which was isolated from a 15-day-old chicken flock in 2008, was sequenced and compared with other IBDV isolates including SH/92 strain, the first Korean very virulent (vv) IBDV isolate. The amino acid sequences of segment A gene showed that KNU08010 had 99.2% homology with SH92 strain. KNU08010 isolate had specific amino acids A222, I242, I256, I294 and S299 which are highly conserved among vvIBDV strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of variable region of the VP2 gene of 18 IBDV strains revealed that KNU08010 was grouped with vvIBDVs and was closely related to Korean vvIBDVs isolated from wild birds.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제54권3호
• /
• pp.185-188
• /
• 2014

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strains responsible for recent outbreaks in the United States have been occurring in Mainland Korea since late 2013. Over the past 10 years, PEDV outbreaks have not been reported on Jeju Island. However, in late March of 2014, PEDV re-emerged on Jeju Island and was found to be genetically identical to PEDV strains currently circulating in Mainland Korea. The present study was conducted to provide a better understanding of the epidemiology of PEDV and more effective preventive measures against PED.

• 정보학연구
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.9-20
• /
• 2004

본 연구에서는 일차적으로 현재 네트워크에서 심각한 문제 우해바이러스를 해결하기 우해서 VirusWall을 실험해본 결과 Dos를 막을 정도 밖에 안되고 이 문제를 해결하기 위해서 이차적으로 ESM, CIS와 MIS면으로 지능화된 인터넷과 Multiple Protocol 등 상황에 맞는 대처를 하도록 로그 분석시스템을 구현하였다. 결과적으로 ESM의 다양한 해킹과 바이러스에 대응하기 위한 지능적인 전사적 보안관리 시스템과 CIS를 이용하기 때문에 정보보호 측면에 폭넓게 이용할 수 있게 되었고, Site Design, Packet 전송별로 클릭할 수 있고, 내부 인터넷(GroupWare)까지 사용되었으며, Smart View를 통해서 전체적인 웹과 보안의 관계도 모니터링 할 수 있게 되었다.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제58권3호
• /
• pp.137-141
• /
• 2018

The efficacy of the CA-2-MP120 vaccine, a cell culture-attenuated strain of virulent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), was assessed in pigs. Despite the persistence of viremia in all vaccinated animals during the immunization period, the virus was not detected in vaccinated pigs following challenge. Furthermore, no pigs in the vaccinated group shed PRRSV nasally, orally or rectally throughout the experiment. Moreover, histopathological lung and lymph node lesions in the immunized group were much milder than those in the unimmunized and challenged group. These results indicated that CA-2-MP120 can provide effective protection against virulent wild-type PRRSV-2.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.48.1-48.15
• /
• 2021

Background: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that has devastated the swine industry in South Korea over the last 30 years. The lack of an effective method to control the endemics has led to a surge in PEDV recurrences in affected farms throughout the country. Objectives: In the first step toward establishing systematic monitoring of and active control measures over the swine populations, we constructed an assessment model that evaluates the status of (1) biosecurity, (2) herd immunity, and (3) virus circulation in each of the PEDV-infected farms. Methods: A total of 13 farrow-to-finish pig farms with a history of acute PEDV infection on Jeju Island were chosen for this study. The potential risk of the recurrence in these farms was estimated through on-site data collection and laboratory examination. Results: Overall, the data indicated that a considerable number of the PEDV-infected farms had lax biosecurity, achieved incomplete protective immunity in the sows despite multi-dose vaccination, and served as incubators of the circulating virus; thus, they face an increased risk of recurrent outbreaks. Intriguingly, our results suggest that after an outbreak, a farm requires proactive tasks, including reinforcing biosecurity, conducting serological and virus monitoring to check the sows' immunity and to identify the animals exposed to PEDV, and improving the vaccination scheme and disinfection practices if needed. Conclusions: The present study highlights the significance of coordinated PEDV management in infected farms to reduce the risk of recurrence and further contribute towards the national eradication of PEDV.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2015

돼지생식기호흡기증후군(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome; PRRS) 바이러스의 ORF5a 단백질이 바이러스 생장에 필수적인 단백질인지 확인하기 위해서 PRRS 바이러스 감염성 클론을 이용하여 ORF5a 단백질 유전자를 결손시킨 변이 클론을 제작하였다. 야생형 PRRS 바이러스 감염성 클론과 ORF5a 단백질이 결손된 변이 클론을 BHK-tailless pCD163 세포에 transfection시킨 결과 변이클론에서감염성있는바이러스가숙주세포로부터만들어지지않았다. 이결과가 ORF5a 단백질발현의부재때문인지검증하기위해서 BHK-tailless pCD163-tailless 세포에 ORF5a 단백질을안정적으로발현하는세포주를제작하였고이세포주에동일한 transfection 실험을한결과세포에서공급되는 ORF5a 단백질발현에의해감염성있는바이러스가만들어지는것을확인하였다. 이로써 ORF5a 단백질이 PRRS 바이러스가 생장하는데 있어서 필수적인 단백질임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제52권2호
• /
• pp.105-113
• /
• 2024

The precise and elaborate regulation of signaling cascades by diverse cytoplasmic and endosomal antiviral sensors is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis and defending against viral pathogens. Receptors and enzymes that recognize foreign nucleic acids play a pivotal role in inducing antiviral interferon programs, serving as the first line of defense against various DNA and RNA viruses. Recent research has increasingly highlighted the crosstalk between nucleic acid sensors in detecting multiple virus invasions, resulting in amplified antiviral signals and compensating for any missing roles. This review provides an update on recent findings regarding the interplay of RNA sensors for DNA virus recognition.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 2014

Four viruses showing cytopathic effects in MDBK cells were isolated from brains of cattle showing downer cattle syndrome in 2012. The isolates were confirmed to belong to the genus Rubulavirus of the subfamily Paramyxovirinae. Isolate QIA-B1201 had the ability to hemagglutinate red blood cells from several species of animals and was capable of adsorbing guinea pig erythrocytes on the surface of infected Vero cells. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that two isolates (QIA-B1201 and QIA-B1204) had high similarity with other human and animal PIV5 isolates ranging from 98.1 to 99.8%. The highest sequence similarity of the two isolates corresponded to strain KNU-11 (99.8% at the nucleotide and amino acid level) isolated from suckling piglets in Korea in 2012. To evaluate the virulence of strain QIA-B1201, we inoculated bPIV5 into 5 week-old mice via both the intraperitoneal and intracranial route. Body weight was not significantly altered in mice inoculated with QIA-B1201. In this study, we isolated and characterized novel bPIV5s from brain samples showing downer cattle syndrome, but were not able to elucidate the pathogenicity of the bPIV5s in mice.

• 아태비즈니스연구
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.71-86
• /
• 2021

Purpose - This study examines the awareness regarding the symptoms of COVID-19 exposures and safety distances strategies whether they were useful to resile the businesses a mid of the pandemic. Besides exploring the awareness and safety distances, the effectiveness of offering free use of protective equipment (mask, hand sanitizer, frequent hand washing, etc.) to the customers for visiting the business centers was also examined. Design/methodology/approach - This study collected 264 survey data in Bangladesh which is one of the most densely populated country and very vulnerable for COVID-19 due to its socio-economic condition. The multiple regression analysis is used to analyze the data. Findings - The findings of the study indicate that the awareness about the symptoms of virus exposures (cough, fever, diarrhea, and weakness) has significant affirmative effects to enhance the public movement for business purposes with the lower possibility to be affected by the virus. The study also indicates that safety distances and protective equipment can mediate the significant positive relationship between the awareness of the disease and the businesses' resilient capacity. Research implications or Originality - COVID-19, as an apprehensive health issue in the current world, has sharpened the uncertainty of the businesses. One essential technique as lockdown, has been followed by almost every country to protect the transmission of the virus even though the scholars criticized it due to the substantial adverse effects on the country's economy. Under this circumstances, this study provides implications to the relevant businesses by assessing the nexus between the safety distances and the proper uses of protective equipment with the business resilient.