• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1991

본 實驗에서는 Ca, BSA, heparin과, 精液의 體外貯藏, 및 수소개체가 新鮮精子 및 卵乳液에 부유되어 5$^{\circ}C$에서 4시간 貯藏된 貯藏精子의 活力과 尖帽反應에 미치는 影響을 조사하였던 바, 그 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. Ca, BSA, Ca + BSA, heparin, heparin + Ca, heparin + BSA 및 heparin + Ca + BSA가 첨가된 SCS에서 15분간 培養한 精子의 活力은 처리간에 유의차가 인정되었으며, BSA가 다른 처리보다 유의하게 높았다. 한편 精子의 尖帽反應率은 처리간에 유의차가 인정되었으며, BSA와 Ca + BSA가 다른 처리보다 유의하게 높았다. 2. 精子의 活力은 新鮮精液과 貯藏精液 공히 KNC 1이 KNC 2, HOL 1과 2보다 유의하게 낮았으나, 尖帽反應率은 KNC 1이 KNC 2, HOL 1과 2보다 유의하게 높았다. 즉 精子의 活力과 尖帽反應率은 공히 수소개체간에 차이가 있었다. 3. KNC 1과 KNC 2의 新鮮精子를 SCS, SCS + Ca, SCS + BSA, SCS + Ca + BSA, SCS + heparin, SCS + heparin + Ca, SCS + heparin + BSA 및 SCS + heparin + Ca + BSA 용액에 각각 15분간 培養하였을 때, 精子의 活力은 수소개체간에 유의한 차이가 있었는데, KNC 1에서는 BSA가 다른 처리보다 유의하게 높았으나, KNC 2에서는 BSA, Ca + BSA 및 Ca이 다른 처리보다 유의하게 높았다. 한편 精子의 尖帽反應率은 역시 수소개체간에 유의한 차이가 있었으며, KNC 1에서는 Ca이, KNC 2에서는 Ca + BSA가 다른 처리보다 높았다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2010

To investigate the differences in the quality characteristics between commercial Korean native chicken (KNC) and broiler (CB), nutritive and quality parameters of the two chicken species were determined. The KNC thigh muscle had a lower content of crude fat and higher crude ash than the CB thigh. In regards to the fatty acid composition, KNC breast muscle had a higher content of arachidonic acid (C20:4) than CB. The level of inosine was higher in the CB thigh muscle than KNC but there was little difference in other nucleotide compounds. The KNC breast had higher amounts of glycine, alanine, and proline than CB, which are closely related to high quality meat flavor. The sensory acceptance was not significantly different between the breast and thigh of KNC and CB. However, KNC had higher cohesiveness, chewiness and gumminess than CB, which are indicative of a unique texture property. Based on these results, commercial KNC may have superior nutritional quality, taste, and unique texture when compared with CB. Thus, the consumer preference for KNC may be partially explained by these distinctive quality characteristics.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 1998

The immunogenetic analysis was performed to characterize the Korean native chickens (KNC) determined by monoclonal antibodies specific to chicken leukocyte differentiation antigens and flow cytometry. A total of 174 chickens including 58 KNC (black, brown and darkbrown colored), 77 foreign breed (Nagoya, White Reghorn, Rhode Island and Cornish) and 39 mixed breed (19 KNC with Nagoya and 20 KNC with Rhode Island) separately growing at Animal Science and Technology Institute were examined. The proportion of cells expressing MHC class II molecule (B-L in chicken) was significantly high in KNC. Proportion of CD4+ T helper cells was also higher in KNC and two mixed breed than that in foreign breed. However, proportion of CD8+ cells and TCR1 + (${\gamma}^{\delta}$ T cell receptor) cells was the lowest among the breed examined. Otherwise, those proportions were significantly high in White leghorn and two mixed breeds with two exclusive subpopulations. The two subpopulations were also typically shown in MHC class $II^+$ cells in KNC and one mixed breed, black-colored KNC with Nagoya. Although genotypic analysis was not pursued to characterize the immunogenetic properties of KNC, difference of phenotypic expression based on leukocyte differentiation molecules could be elucidated in KNC in this study.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.719-727
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• 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of mixed and separate gender feeding on the growth performance and carcass traits of Korean native chickens (KNC) compared to white semi-broilers (WSB) and a commercial broiler (CB) from hatching to 35 days. Here, 240 chicks were used with eight birds per cage in a randomized design with six replicates per breed. For the KNC lines, three groups of males (KNC-M), mixed-gender birds (KNC-FM) and females (KNC-F) were used. The two-phase feeding program used here consisted of a starter phase (days 1 - 21: crude protein [CP] 20% and metabolizable energy [ME], 3,050 kcal·kg^-1) and a grower phase (days 22 - 35: CP 18%, 3,100 kcal·kg^-1) for a commercial broiler. The WSB and CB were fed the only starter commercial diet. Fresh water and feed were provided ad-libitum. The results revealed that the KNC group had a lower (p < 0.05) body weight (BW) from day 7 and day 35 compared to that of the CB. Furthermore, the KNC group showed a lower (p > 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) relative to that of the CB during the entire experimental period. No difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the shank length among the treatments. There were also no significant differences in the growth performance or carcass traits between the KNC-M and WSB groups or in the genders of the KNC group.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2014

본 실험에서는 시중에서 주로 유통되고 있는 2종의 토종닭인 HH종과 WD종 닭고기를 비교하기 위해 일반 육계(BR)와 더불어 육질 및 관능 특성을 분석하였다. 토종닭 내에서 HH종의 가슴육만 일반 육계보다 다소 낮은 지방함량을 보였다. 육색에서는 가슴육과 다리육 두 부위 모두에서 HH종의 명도($L^*$)와 적색도($a^*$)가 WD종보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 항산화력 측정을 위한 DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 pH가 WD종이 HH종보다 유의적으로 높았다(p< 0.05). 가슴육에서 C18:1은 일반 육계가 다른 두 품종의 토종닭보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 대표적인 n-3 지방산인 C18:3의 경우, WD종이 HH종보다 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.05), C20:4와 C22:6의 경우, 토종닭이 일반 육계에 비해 약 2.5배이상 높은 조성을 보였다(p<0.05). 관능평가 맛 부분에서는 가슴육에서 WD종이 일반 육계나 다른 HH 토종닭보다 유의적으로 우수한 수치를 보였다(p<0.05). 특히 WD종의 연도가 다른 품종에 비해 매우 우수한 것으로 나타났으며(p<0.05), 전체적인 기호도에서도 WD종이 유의적으로 높은 점수를 보였다(p<0.05). 국내에서 대표적으로 시판되는 토종닭 2품종의 품질 및 관능 특성은 요인별로 유의적 차이를 보이기도 했으며(p<0.05), 이를 바탕으로 소비자 기호에 적합한 새로운 품종의 토종닭 개발을 위한 기초 자료 활용이 가능할 것이다. 그러나 육질 특성은 품종 이외에도 급여한 사료 및 사양 방식에 따라 다른 것이므로, 보다 많은 시료 수를 바탕으로 한 추가적인 연구가 요구된다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.209-216
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• 1993

본 연구는 다가오는 농축산물 수입개방의 시대를 맞이하여 우리 고유의 맛을 지닌 순수한 재래계의 식별 유지 및 개량하기 위한 과학적인 방법을 제시하고자 실시되었다. 본 연구를 위하여 재래계 및 수입계인 백색 Leghorn종을 line별로 유지하면서 경제형질 (체중, 초산일령, 산란을, 난중)과 표현형 특이성 (체형, 두부, 깃털, 정강이)에 대하여 조사하였다. 또한 최첨단 기법인 유전자 지문 기법을 도입하여 재래계와 수입계의 DNA에 대한 유전자 지문을 실시하였다. 재래계의 경제형질에 있어서 체중은 산란계 품종인 White Leghron과 유사한 특징을 보였고, 초산일령 및 최고 산란기는 수입계보다 다소 늦었으며 평균 산란율 역시 수입계에 비해 다소 떨어졌다. 재래계의 난중은 수입계에 비해 약 10g 정도 가벼웠다. M13mp18 single-stranded DNA를 probe로 사용한 유전자 지문에서, 재래계는 4.4kb와 4.9kb에서 수입계는 10.6kb와 12.4kb에서 품종 고유의 구분이 확실한 다수의 band를 확인 할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 우리 고유의 유전자원인 재래계의 유전자 지문을 수입계의 유전자 지문과 식별할수 있는 것으로 개발하였으며, 향후 이 기술을 이용해서 구체적인 재래계의 유지 및 개량에 대한 방안이 강구되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.177-183
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• 1996

This study was conducted to analyze genetic characteristics of Korean Native Chicken three lines classified on the basis of the feather color and appearance (Red, Yellow, and Black) using DNA fingerprinting method. To estimate the genetic relatedness among breeds and similarities within breeds, we collected blood samples from Korean Native Chicken (KNC), Rhode Island Red (RIR), White Leghorn (WL), and Cornish(CN) and obtained genomic DNA from the blood of 10 individuals randomly selected within the breeds and lines. The genomic DNA samples were digested with restriction enzymes (Hinf J, Hae Ill) and hybridized with various probes (Jeffreys' probes 33.15, 33.6 and M13) after Southern transfer. Genetic similarities within breeds were characterized by band sharing (BS) value, estimated by the DFP band pattern between the pair of lanes. BS values within WL, RIR, and KNC were 0.82, 0.70 and 0.56, respectively. Relative genetic diversity (BS value) of KNC was higher than those two breeds (WL, RIR). Estimation of genetic similarity between KNC lines and control breed (RIR) was 0.32, whereas similarity within KNC lines (6 groups) was 0.50. In this analysis, KNC was showed to have a highly genetic diver-sity at the DNA level, and to be closer in genetic distance to RIR (0.67) than any other breeds.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.223-223
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• 1995

A study was conducted to compare the quality characteristics among commercial broiler, Wangchoo (imported dual purpose breed) and Korean native chicken(KNC). Thigh and breast meat of the broiler(7-wk old), Wangchoo(15-wk old), and Korean native chicken(15-wk old) stored for 24 h at 5t were used to analyze chemical composition, physico-chemical characteristics, textural traits and sensory evaluation test. Crude fat and moisture contents in broiler meat and crude protein content in KNC were significantly(P<.05) higher than those in the other breeds regardless of parts of the body. Total collagen content in broiler meat was significantly higher than those of the other breeds, however, the heat-soluble and the acid-soluble collagen content in Wangchoo were significantly lower than those of the other breeds. Water-holding capacities of KNC in breast meat, and of broiler in leg meat were significantly higher than that of the other breeds, while the results of the water-holding capacity and the cooking loss were reversed. Myofibrillar fragmentation index in broiler meat was significantly higher than that in the other breeds regardless of body parts. Hardness, elasticity and cohesiveness in Wangchoo were significantly higher than those in the other breeds. The prominent fatty acids were oleic, palmitic and linoleic acids and run up to 79.03~83.82 %, regardless of breeds and parts. The sensory evaluation score of tenderness, taste and preference in Wangchoo were lower compared to the broiler and KNC, however, they were not significantly different between broiler and KNC. In conclusion, the quality characteristics of KNC were excellent compared to Wangchoo.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.117-126
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• 1997

This study was conducted to estimate the hatching and growing performance, and heterosis of Korean Native Chicken(KNC), Rhode Island Red(RIR) and KNC XRIR crossbred. A total of 1,274 female pullets were produced from KNC, RIR and KNC x RIR crossbred kept in National Live-stock Research Institute, Korea. The experiment was conducted for 20 weeks from Sep. 2, 1995 to Jan. 20,1996. Hatchabilities of KNC dark brown strain x RlR(DR), KNC light brown strain x RlR (LR) and KNC dark black strain x RlR(BR) were 77.3%, 73.6% and 72.5%, respectively. Viabilities up to 20 weeks of age were not significantly (P>0.05) different among purebreds and crossbred. Body weights of DR, LR and BR were 1,890 g, 1,849 g and 1,967 g, respectively, at 20 weeks of age. The feed conversion ratio(feed /gain) of DR, LR, and BR were 5.88, 6.07 and 5.87, respectively, up to 20 weeks of age. Average shank lengths of DR, LR and BR were 97.1 mm, 98.9 mm and 99.4 mm, respectively, at 20 weeks of age. The heterosis effects were estimated to be -0. 48%, and 12.58%, respectively, in fertility and hatchability. Up to 20 weeks of age, the heterosis effects were estimated to be 0.07%, 13.49%, -5.77%, and 3.52% in viability, body weight, feed conversion ratio, and shank length, respectively.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.127-137
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• 1997

This study was conducted to estimate the laying performance and heterosis of Korean Native Chicken(KNC), Rhode Island Red(RIR), and KNC x RIR crossbreds A total of 1,274 female pullets were produced from KNC, RIR and RIR crossbreds in National Livestock Research Institute, Korea. The experiment was conducted for 2O~64 weeks from Jan 20. to Nov.25, 1996. The age at first egg of crossbreds were 144.1~148.7 days. The first egg weight of crossbreds was 39. 4~40.3 g, and body weights at first egg of KNC dark brown strain x RlR(DR), KNC light brown strain x RlR(LR) and KNC dark black strain x RlR(BR) were 1,943 g, 1,925 g and 2,044 g, respectively. During the laying period the average viability of crossbreds was 96.6~98.3%. The hen-day egg production of crossbreds were 111.1~113.O eggs at 40 weeks of age, and 223.5~227.5 eggs at 64 weeks of age, respectively. The hen-day egg production peaks were 78.2~80.1% in KNC, and 85.8~87.5% in crossbreds. The heterosis were estimated to be 3.61%, 9.21%, 4.78%, 2.97% and -1.63% for the first egg days, body weights at first egg, layer viability, hen-day egg production, and feed conversion ratio, respectively.