• 항공우주기술
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.180-187
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• 2007

KSLV-I의 경우 1단은 액체 추진기관으로 구성되어 있으며, 2단은 킥모터(Kick Motor ; KM)를 이용하게 된다. 작동고도가 높고 확장비가 큰 KM을 지상에서 연소시험 할 경우 배압이 상대적으로 크기 때문에 노즐에서 박리가 발생되고 모터는 실제 추력 값보다 낮게 추력을 발생 시키며 노즐에서 극심한 진동을 유발 시키므로 지상에서 고공환경을 모사할 수 있는 고공환경모사 시험설비가 꼭 필요하다. 본 논문은 KSLV-I 2단 추진기관인 킥모터 개발을 위한 고공환경모사 시험설비 구축을 위해 기본설계를 진행하였다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.440-443
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• 2008

Plume radiation has been measured during ground tests of KSLV-I kick motor in order to predict the thermal load on the equipment around the kick motor at flight. The measuring positions are the kick motor base, and the measured heats were about 2${\sim}$5 w/cm$^2$. The measured heat showed a lot of shot fluctuation in their values, and the radiative heats at the latter half of time are higher than those of the first half. A plausible explanation for these phenomena was given as the variation of alumina particles with time. The radiative heats along the plume axis were also measured recently at 8 positions with 1.5m radius from plume axis, but only the initial parts of the results could be acceptable because the sensor were damaged by the accumulated heat. The strongest heat occurred at the middle of the plume, which can be explained with different view factors. Despite of the plausible explanation, it seems to need more analysis because the plume structure such as temperature, alumina particle, after burning has not been revealed until yet. The measure heat flux has been reflected in the prediction of the plume radiation at high altitude where the kick motor operates.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.202-209
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• 2008

KSLV-1 2단 Kick Motor 노즐은 연소 동안 고온 고압의 환경에 노출된다 이러한 고압 환경에서 노즐부의 안전성검토를 위하여 KM 노즐 수압시험을 수행하였다. KM 수압시험 [1]과 다른 점은 실물형 잡입부 내열재가 사용되었으며 목부 내열재도 실물형과 유사하게 제작되어 조립되었다. 수압시험은 MEOP (975 psi, GT#2 기준)의 40% 예비시험, 120% 수압시험 2회 반복 및 153% 수압시험을 수행하였다.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2002년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.100-105
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• 2002

This paper predicts the material properties of spatially reinforced composites (SRC) and analyzes the thermo-elastic behavior of a kick motor nozzle manufactured from that material. To find the appropriate SRC structure for the nozzle throat that satisfies given design conditions, the equivalent material properties of the SRC are predicted using the superposition method for those of rod and matrix. Studied are the elastic behavior, temperature distribution, and thermo-elastic behavior of a kick motor nozzle composed of carbon/carbon SRC as a throat part. The elastic deformation of the nozzle composed of 3D carbon/carbon SRC shows asymmetry in a circumferential direction. However, 4D carbon/carbon SRC nozzle shows uniform deformation in the circumferential direction. Stress concentration in connecting parts of the kick motor nozzle is ultimately high due to the high temperature gradient in each connecting part. The thermo-elastic deformations of both the 3D and the 4D SRC nozzles are uniform in the circumferential direction due to the isotropy of CTE of each SRC. The deformation of the 3D SRC nozzle is a slightly smaller than that of the 4D SRC nozzle in the nozzle throat, which is favorably effective on rocket thrust. The circumferential stress is the most critical component of the kick motor nozzle. The 4D SRC nozzle having 1,1,1,1.7 diameters in each direction has the smallest circumferential stress among several SRC nozzles.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2008

Taekwondo is a martial art form and sport that uses the hands and foot for attack and defense. Taekwondo basic motion is composed of the breaking, competition and poomsea motion. In the side kick among the competition motion, the impact force is larger than other kinds of kicks. The side kick with the front foot can be made in two steps. In the first step, the front foot is stretched forward from back stance free-fighting position. For the second step, the rear foot is followed simultaneously. Then, the kick is executed while entire body weight rests on the rear foot. In this paper, impact analysis of the human model for hitting posture is carried out. The ADAMS/LifeMOD is used in hitting modeling and simulation. The simulation model creates the human model to hit the opponent. As the results, the dynamic analysis of human muscle were presented.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2010년도 제35회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.777-780
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• 2010

실린더 중앙 원주방향 변형률을 바탕으로 킥모터의 연소 압력을 계산하는 방법을 제안하였다. 지상연소시험으로부터 연소시간 동안의 변형률-압력 비(strain ratio)를 근사하는 다항식을 계산하였다. 이 다항식에 비행 중 측정한 변형률을 대입하여 비행 중 연소압력으로 변환하였다. 실제 비행 중에 측정한 압력과 비교한 결과 전체적인 변화 양상이 일치함을 확인하였으며 최대 약 10psi 수준의 차이가 나타난 것을 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2008년도 제31회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.203-206
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• 2008

KSLV-I 2단 추진기관에 적용될 킥모터는 고고도용 고체 추진기관으로 인공위성을 궤도에 진입시킬 때 반드시 필요한 하드웨어이다. 킥모터는 연소 시 내부에 내열재가 삭마되고 추진제가 소진되며 반면에 슬래그 적층으로 인해 무게가 변하게 된다. 본 문서는 지상연소시험 시 케이스, 추진제, 노즐, 점화기, 슬래그 등으로 구성된 킥모터의 무게 변화량을 분석하여 실제 비행시간에 따른 무게 변화량을 예측하였다. 킥모터의 비행 시 무게 변화 예측은 KSLV-I 2단의 무게 및 무게중심 변화를 계산하는데 활용될 수 있다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2008년도 제31회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.403-404
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• 2008

국가 우주개발 중장기 계획에 따라 수행중인 한국형우주발사체(KSLV-1) 개발사업 중 2단에 사용할 Kick Motor(이하 KM)는 작동고도가 약 300km이므로 진공의 환경과 유사하다. 고고도에서 작동하는 로켓은 성능을 최대한 향상시키기 위해서 노즐의 팽창비를 상대적으로 크게 설계하며, 동일한 로켓으로 지상에서 연소시험 할 경우 노즐에서 박리가 발생하여 정확한 추력을 예측할 수가 없다. 본 논문에서는 고고도에서 KM 추력성능을 입증하기 위하여 수행한 시험설비의 설계/구축과정과 그 결과를 다루고 있다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the difference in the quality of muscle contraction and kick movements according to the presence or absence of back pain in body kick movements of mixed martial arts athletes. Method: In this study, four athletes (32.75 ± 4.79 yrs, 172.50 ± 5.20 cm, 77.73 ± 13.28 kg) who have suffered chronic back pain for more than three months and scored 12 points in the Korean version of ODI. Four painless athletes (33.50 ± 4.04 yrs, 174.25 ± 3.10 cm, 83.50 ± 10.21 kg) participated. Results: During the body kick operation, the pain group had significantly higher muscle activity in the right Transversus abdominis and right Rectus femoris compared to the normal group (p<.05). In the rectus abdominis, the muscle activity was significantly lower than that of the normal group (p<.05). Also, the pain group has a higher toe speed than the normal group Significantly slow (p<.05), there was a delay in contraction of the Transversus abdominis. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that chronic pain in the lumbar spine degrades the core's function, resulting in inefficient coordination such as Transversus abdominis contraction delay and Transversus abdominis and Rectus femoris excessive activation to compensate for it.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.552-554
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• 1998

This paper deals with the gait generation of IWR-III using a kick action to have a walking pattern like human. For this, trajectory planning with the consideration of kick action is done in each walking step, and the coordinate transformation is done for simplifying the kinematics. Balancing motion is analyzed by FDM during the walking, By combining 4-types of pre-defined steps, multi-step walking is done. Using numerical simulator, dynamic analysis, ZMP analysis and system stability is confirmed. Walking motion is visualized by 3D- graphic simulator. As a result, trunk ahead motion effect and impactless smooth walking is implemented by experiment. Finally walking with kick action is implemented the IWR-III system.