• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.4-22
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• 1989

This study aims to explore the relationship between housewives' health KAP level and the physical health of families. The data used in this study are obtained from the Last Evaluation Program of the National Note for Health surveyed in July, 1989. The respondents for this study are 770 housewives residing in Chunan and Buan. The reason why this study focus on KAP level of housewives is to find out whether a housewife as a emotional supporter contributes to the physical health of her families. A housewife gives her families emotional satisfaction insteade of economic satisfaction. So she has the most interest in family health among the members of her family. Therefore, housewife's KAP level will influence her family health. The independent variables chosen for the analysis are the general characteristic variables and KAP level. And the dependent variable is the physical health of families which excluded psychosocial one. This level of family health includes weight for family health and seriouseness of disease. The result of this study was summarized as follows. (1) KAP level was significantly correlated with variables which have mainly the socioeconomic characteristics. The variables were: area of residence, education level occupation, self assessment on wealth, and exposure to mass communication. (2) In the analysis of relationship between the general characteristic variables and family health, family health was significantly correlated with almost all variables. The variables were: Presence of the aged, Health status, Experience in disease, Self assessment on health, No. of families, Occupation, Education level, Self assessment on wealth, Concern on health, and Exposure to mass communication. (3) In the analysis of relationship between family health and KAP level, family health was not significantly correlated with KAP level but. (4) Also in the stepwise regression analysis, the general variables account for about 32.1 percent of the variance in the dependent variable, family health. The variable with the greatest explanatory power was presence of the aged. On the contrary, KAP level explain about 0.4 percent of the variance in the dependent variable. In sum, the study shows that housewives' health KAP level has relatively weak relationship with the physical health of families

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.65-81
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• 1996

This study was conducted from march 20 through April 20, 1992, jn order to figure out the factors affecting behavior of the people on environmental health. 1, 261 people were selected by sampling from Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, Taejon and Kwangju. Questionnaire forms were prepared and the persons selected were-interviewed by trained interviewers. The data collected were analyzed in order to determine factors affecting kowledge, attitude and practice on environmental health in major cities in Korea. The major results are as follows: 1. The people who got high KAP score were found not to practice what they know. The people who got lower scores were found to use their knowledge in practical life. 2. Correlation between knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) on environmental health was statistically significant (p < 0.001). 3. The levels of KAP on environmental health affected by variables of gender and marital status were statistically significant (p < 0.01). 4. Variables of education, occupation, religion and economic status affected the levels of KAP significantly (p < 0.01). 5. The levels of KAP on environmental health by variables of health education on environmental health were statistically significant (p < 0.001). 6. The levels of KAP of the people on environmental health by demographic variables showed a reverse relation statistically (p < 0.001). 7. The levels of KAP of the people on environmental health had correlation with education level and the KAP level had correlation with knowledge (p < 0.001). 8. The KAP levels of the people on environmental health had correlation with environmental health education (p < 0.001). 9. The total variables affecting KAP of the people on environmental health had 14% variance and environmental health education was the highest($\beta$=0.23827), education level was the next($\beta$=0.12442), and economic status was ($\beta$=-0.06970), age ($\beta$=-0.06710) and print media ($\beta$=0.06539). 10. The variables most affecting KAP of the people on environmental health were environmental health education(r=0.2980) and education(r=0.2419) and the next were age, marital status, religion, electronic media, print media, place of birth and gender. 11. The most important variable affecting KAP level of the people on environmental health was education level.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2000

환경에 방출되어 있는 많은 내분비교란물질들은 사람과 동물의 내분비계에 교란을 일으킬 수 있는 잠재력을 가진다. 뇌의 성분화는 생식소 호르몬 영향하에 비가역적으로 진행되며 흰쥐의 경우 이 시기는 임신말기에서 생후 7∼10일 가량이다. 최근에 본 연구진은 횐쥐의 뇌 성 분화의 결정적인 시기에 발현되는 KAP3유전자를 클로닝하였다 (Choi ＆ Lee, 1999). KAP3의 기능은 신경세포를 포함한 세포에서 aronal tansport를 조절하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 흰쥐 뇌 발생의 결정적인 시기에 내분비 교란물질인 Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT)가 KAP3유전자 발현과 성분화에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. DDT에 노출된 임신 17일된 흰쥐 태아 암컷과 수컷의 뇌에서 KAP3 mRNA의 발현이 증가하였다. 그러나 출생후 DDT에 노출된 흰쥐 암컷과 수컷의 뇌에서는 KAP3 mRNA의 발현은 감소하였다. 또한 태어난 직후 DDT에 노출된 경우 체중이 현저히 감소하였으며 수정율도 DDT에 노출되지 않은 흰쥐에 비하여 크게 낮았다. 이러한 결과는 내분비 교란물질인 DDT가 뇌의 성 분화와 관련된 유전자인 KAP3의 전사에 영향을 미치며, 내분비 교란물질에 노출된 태아의 뇌 분화에서 독성을 보이는 것을 의미한다. 그리고 KAP3유전자는 동물의 신경세포의 발생에 미치는 내분비 교란 물질의 독성을 분자생물학적으로 연구하기 위한 유전자 지표로도 사용 가능하다고 생각된다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.327-331
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• 2001

There is a critical developmental period during which brain sexual differentiation proceeds irreversibly under the influence of gonadal hormone. Recently, kinesin superfamily-associated protein 3 (KAP3) gene expressed during the 'critical period' of rat brain differentiation was identified by us (Choi and Lee, 1999). KAP3 functions as a microtubule-based motor that transports membranous organelles anterogradely in cells, including neurons (Yamazaki et al., 1996). mRNA level of KAP3 gene markedly increased before the initiation of puberty. Neonatal treatment of estrogen clearly inhibited the prepubertal increase in KAP3 mRNA level (Choi and Lee, 1999). In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), as endocrine disruptors (EDs) on the expression of KAP3 gene during the 'critical period' of rat brain development. In our data, PCBs significantly decreased the expression of KAP3 gene in the fetal (day 17) and the neonatal (day 6 after birth in) male and female rat brains. The body weight and the breeding ability were significantly decreased in the PCBs-exposed rats compared with the control. These results showed that PCBs affect the transcriptional level of brain sexual differentiation related gene, KAP3, in the fetal and the neonatal rat brains. The maternal exposure to the PCBs may lead to toxic response in embryonic brain sexual differentiation and breeding ability after sexual maturation. This study indicates that KAP3 gene may be useful as a gene marker to analyze the molecular mechanism of toxic response in the animal brain development and sexual maturation exposed to PCBs.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2021

Kerma Area Product (KAP) is best indicator of radiation monitoring on radiographic examinations. KAP can be measured differently depending on the X-ray irradiation area, air kerma, souce-skin distance, type of equipment, etc. The major factors are exposure area and the air krema. The KAP currently used only considers the exposure area with X-rays and has a problem that KAP is always excessively overestimated from the dose received by an actual subject. Therefore, in this study, in order to measure the accurate KAP, a new area dose calculation that can be calculated by dividing the area where the actual X-ray is irradiated is presented, and the KAP is the real area. We compared and analyzed how much it was overestimated compared to the dose. The Skull AP projection and seven other projection were compared and analyzed, and the KAP was overestimated in each test by 52% to 60%. In this way, the effective KAP (EKAP) calculation developed through this study should be utilized to prevent extra calculation of the existing KAP, and only the accurate patient subject area should be calculated to derive the accurate area dose value. EKAP is helpful for control the patient's exposure dose more finely, and it is useful for the quality control of medical radiation exposure.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.245-255
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• 1997

The objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the degree of rice farmers' knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM), (2) to determine the related variables for decisions on pest control, and (3) to indicate desirable direction for IPM farmers' field training. The study was carried out through a questionnaire method and sane interviewing survey of 300 rice farmers by the IPM trainers who participated in IPM training in 1994 or 1995. The data were collected from 268 respondents to the questionnaire consisted of KAP and related variables. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1. The KAP score of the farmers concerning IPM were 71 for knowledge, 76.2 for attitude and 74 for practice on average. 2. The KAP score was higher for farmers cultivating larger land size and for those with more participation in IPM training. Also the KAP was higher for the members of the Rural Leaders Association and Future Farmers Association than any other groups. 3. The IPM farmers had strong positive attitudes towards the resistant rice varieties. However, the practical pest control rate of the IPM farmers was low for conservation of natural enemies, timely control following occurrence and plant compensation what few pest were presence in the paddy field. 4. The KAP Score on the economic threshold level and safe pesticide use was relatively low for elder farmers and for those with lower educational background. Most farmers preferred calendar spraying methods for preventive pest control to any other method of pest control. Knowledge was relatively low on pesticide and environmental contamination. 5. Decision making on pest control depends on the extension officer and rural leader's opinion. The survey method for pest occurrence by directly counting pest in the field was only 22.9% among the farmers of this study. 6. Most farmers used pesticide for preventive pest occurrence even when pest didn't occur in their field. The average number of pesticide applications per cropping season in rice field was 3.7 times, and the number of mixed pesticides per application was 4.3 kinds of pesticides. Also 6 recommendations were made in this study for improvement of IPM farmer's training.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.302-308
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• 2011

혈관 조영 검사 및 중재적 방사선 시술을 통한 환자에게 주어지는 피폭선량에 대해 대뇌를 중심으로 환자 체형을 표준화하여 검사 및 시술 차이에 따른 투시시간, 면적 선량률(kerma area product rate)을 관측하고 참고 기준치를 비교하고자 하였다. 그 결과 질병 분류에 따른 면적 선량률은 지주막하출혈(subarachnoid hemorrhage)이 가장 높았고, 뇌동맥류가 가장 낮았다. 또한 검사 및 시술에 따른 면적 선량률은 양쪽 내경동맥, 양쪽 총경동맥 및 추골동맥으로 하는 방법이 가장 높았으며, guglielmi detachable coil(GDC)이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 이를 혈관 조영 검사 및 중재적 방사선 시술시 환자 피폭 선량에 대한 참고 기준치로 이용할 수 있을 것이며 향후 환자 피폭 선량 교육과 관리에 유용할 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2019

본 연구는 국내 의료기관 500명의 식품 취급자들의 식품안전에 관한 지식, 인식 및 행태 수준을 평가하고 지식, 인식, 행태와 사회인구학적 특성과의 연관성을 분석하였다. 자가보고 설문지는 식품안전에 관한 지식 15문항, 인식 15문항, 행태 20문항 등 총 50문항으로 구성되었으며 연령별, 교육수준별, 경력별에 따른 지식, 인식, 행태와 KAP과의 관련성분석은 t 또는 ANOVA test를 실시하였다. 분석 결과 식품안전에 관한 평균 지식점수는 3.25, 인식 3.65, 행태 3.36으로 나타났다. 연령그룹별 식품안전에 관한 지식, 인식, KAP score는 차이가 나타났으며, KAP과 교육수준과의 관련성은 교육수준이 증가할수록 KAP score가 증가하는 것을 확인하였다(P < 0.05). 식품위해를 최소화하기 위해서 식품 취급자에게 공중보건학적차원의 지속적인 식품안전 예방교육 및 프로그램을 제공해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국어교육
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.79-111
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• 2017

This study is a trend analysis study that discusses the current status and directions of research methods of KAP research. The existing trend ana lysis studies dealing with research methods have problems in that the classification criteria of the studies used are rough and different from each other, rendering comparison between studies being difficult, and do not comprehensively cover research methods of diversified KAP research. Therefore, this study examined the research methods of KAP research from a critical point of view and suggested a set of classification criteria and an analysis framework that can be used consistently in classification and analysis of future KAP research methods. Based on the theoretical background of second language studies and applied linguistics, this study revised and supplemented Brown (2015)'s research method types and selected 289 journals and theses/dissertations from 2012 to 2016 and classified them into a new analysis framework. The primary and secondary studies, which are the major categories, were 219 and 70, respectively, so it was confirmed that there were much more primary studies. The primary studies then were subdivided into 128 qualitative research studies, 142 survey research studies, and 23 quantitative research studies, pointing to the trend that survey and qualitative research methods were preferred. In the qualitative research approaches, there were 21 action research studies, which were used the most. In addition, such qualitative research approaches as case studies and narrative inquiries which were difficult to find in the past, have gradually increased, confirming that the diversification of research methods is becoming common. However, there were still many studies that did not explicitly put forward research questions and there were many studies that did not report reliability and effect sizes in quantitative research. Of the 23 quantitative studies, only 50% reported reliability, and only three reported effect sizes. In order to enable systematic reviews (meta-analysis) of quantitative research and expect quality improvement of research in future KAP research, reporting of quantitative research should be done more systematically. This study is meaningful in that a systematic and detailed analysis framework was proposed to classify various research methods in the future and that the problems and directions for improvement of the KAP research methods were discussed through the analysis of the research trend of the KAP studies for the last 5 years.

• 복식
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• 제23권
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• pp.211-223
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• 1994

It was aimed to study the costume of Koryo dynasty based upon the one hundred and ten pictures of the writtened Budist scripture. The costume to study were made about 400 years during the King Mok-jong(1006) to the first year of the king Kong-yang based upon the Avatamaka Sutra and the Sutra of the Lotus. 가) Men's wear : 1. Hair style and hair dress : 1) Man bored a hair and put on the hat such as a Kuan, Kun, and Mo. The young boys binds his hair up one, two, and three knots, and tied up with a hair ribbon. A kinds of hats were Tung-t'ien-kuan(Yuan-yu-kuan) and Chin-hien-kuan and as a court dress. The man wore pok-여 as an official uniform and wore a pok-du , kun-mo as an everyday dress and wore a helmet as a solidier's uniform. 2. Clothes : 1) They wore Yuan-yu-kuan and Chin-hien -kuan as a court dress, and wore belt, boots, pleated decorated ling skirt also. They wore round shape collor big sleeve jacket, small sleeve long coat, belt , boots as an official dress. 2) the soldiers wore helmet, scarf, yangdang-kap , hung-kap, bak-kap, we-yo-kap, kun-kap and jok-kap and carries arms. 3) The young boys bind his hair up one, two and three angle shape an tied up a hair ribbons. 나) Women's wear : 1. Hair Style and hair dress : high rank ladies made their hair top knot (one, two, or more knots) and tied with hair ribbons , and decorated with precious stone, pan shape head dress , wheel shape head dress. 2. Clothes ; 1) high rank ladie's wore kun -kyun attached jacket , and jacket sleeves decorated pleats and pleats decorated on skirt, apron, back apron, knot belt, scarf.