• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.105-113
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• 2016

This study analyzed and verified panel data based on CSMAR (China Stock Market & Accounting Research) DB from 2002 to 2014 in order to find out significant differences of conservative accounting before and after Chinese companies adopted international accounting standards. Financial changes in companies can occur at the point of change in accounting standards, and as the difference would affect conservative accounting, it is important to understand conservatism in financial transaction. In this study, earnings per share and price, return on equity, and debt ratio were measured. As a result of analysis, conservative accounting has increased after the introduction of accounting standards, and as the debt ratio was higher, the proportion of conservative accounting was higher. Thus, at a certain point of change in accounting standards, companies apply conservative accounting in order to improve reliability in an unstable future financial environment. Therefore, this study is expected not only to practically influence business practice in changes in GAAP rules but also to provide useful guidance for future studies.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.188-193
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• 2009

XBRL(eXtensible Business Reporting Language)은 컴퓨터가 데이터의 의미와 데이터간의 관계를 자동으로 인식해서 처리할 수 있도록 설계된 XML(eXtensible Markup Language)기반의 기업업무보고용 언어이다. 이는 각 데이터에 정황적 요소를 포함하는 태그(Tag)를 추가함으로써 정보수요자로 하여금 정확한 정보를 이용 생성할 수 있게 하고, 정보공급자와 수요자간의 효율적 정보이동을 가능하게 하는 국제표준이다. 하지만 한국의 경우 XBRL의 도입이 규제기관을 중심으로 이루어지고 있어서 XBRL관련 시장이 한정적으로만 확장되고 있는 실정이다. 또한 규제기관 마다 특화된 도입방법으로 인하여 재무데이터 등의 원활한 흐름에 방해가 되어서 XBRL정보 가공 서비스업체의 등장을 어렵게 하고 정보수요자들에게도 실질적인 도움을 주지 못하고 있다. 이 논문은 Innovation Adoption모형을 이용하여, 개별 기업이 XBRL을 도입하는데 유효한 영향을 주는 요인을 찾고 함의하는 바를 알아 보는데 목적이 있다. IFRS(International Financial Reporting Standards)의 도입으로 인해 그 필요성이 커질, XBRL의 본연의 목적을 달성하기 위해 도움이 되는 연구가 될 것이다.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.177-196
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• 2020

Since the adoption of K-IFRS(Korean International Financial Reporting Standards), the amount of financial footnotes has been increased. However, due to the stereotypical phrase and the lack of conciseness, deriving the core information from footnotes is not really easy yet. To propose a solution for this problem, this study tried financial footnote analysis for financial ratio predictions based on text-mining techniques. Using the financial statements data from 2013 to 2018, we tried to predict the earning per share (EPS) of the following quarter. We found that measured prediction errors were significantly reduced when text-mined footnotes data were jointly used. We believe this result came from the fact that discretionary financial figures, which were hardly predicted with quantitative financial data, were more correlated with footnotes texts.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.368-377
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• 2021

This study analyzed the determinants of capital structure based on the financial statements of agricultural corporations disclosed on the DART(data analysis, retrieval and transfer system) of the Financial Supervisory Service since 2011, when the Korea international financial reporting standards (K-IFRS) was introduced. There have been many empirical studies on the capital structure so far, but there are no studies targeting agricultural corporations. The sample period of agricultural corporations was from 2015 to 2019, with the debt ratio as the dependent variable, and among the variables suggested as meaningful in existing empirical studies, ROA(profitability), SIZE(corporate size), LIQ(liquidity), TA(tangible asset ratio), FA(fixed long-term suitability ratio), and GROWTH(growth potential) were selected as independent variables and panel data analysis was performed. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the debt ratio decreased as the ROA and SIZE of agricultural corporations increased. This can be interpreted as supporting the pecking order theory rather than the static trade-off theory in the relationship between the ROA and SIZE of Korean agricultural corporations with the capital structure. In addition, it was found that the debt ratio increased as the FA increased. These results suggest that Korean agricultural corporations need to establish a financing policy in consideration of ROA, SIZE, and FA.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.31-40
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• 2020

This study investigates whether other comprehensive income (OCI) reported in the statement of comprehensive income (one of the main financial statements after the adoption of K-IFRS) predicts a firm's future performance. Using the quarterly data of Korean listed companies, we examine the association between OCI estimates and future earnings. First of all, we find that OCI is positively associated with earnings in both 1- and 2-quarter ahead, supporting the predictive value of OCI. When we break down OCI into its individual components, our results suggest that the net unrealized gains/losses on available-for-sale (AFS) investment securities are positively associated with future earnings, while the other components (e.g., net unrealized gains/losses on valuation of cash flow hedge derivatives) present insignificant results. In addition, we investigate whether the reliability in OCI estimates enhances the predictive value of OCI to predict future performance. We find that the predictive ability of OCI, in particular the net unrealized gains/losses on available-for-sale (AFS) investment securities, becomes more pronounced when firms are audited by the Big 4 audit firms. Overall, our study suggests that information content embedded in OCI can provide decision-useful information that is helpful for the prediction of future firm performance.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.155-174
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• 2019

Purpose Social interest in financial statement notes has recently increased. However, contrary to the keen interest in financial statement notes, there is no morphological analyzer for accounting terms, which is why researchers are having considerable difficulty in carrying out research. In this study, we build a morphological analyzer for accounting related text mining techniques. This morphological analyzer can handle accounting terms like financial statements and we expect it to serve as a springboard for growth in the text mining research field. Design/methodology/approach In this study, we build customized korean morphological analyzer to extract proper accounting terms. First, we collect Company's Financial Statement notes, financial information data published by KPFIS(Korea Public Finance Information Service), K-IFRS accounting terms data. Second, we cleaning and tokeninzing and removing stopwords. Third, we customize morphological analyzer using n-gram methodology. Findings Existing morphological analyzer cannot extract accounting terms because it split accounting terms to many nouns. In this study, the new customized morphological analyzer can detect more appropriate accounting terms comparing to the existing morphological analyzer. We found that accounting words that were not detected by existing morphological analyzers were detected in new customized morphological analyzers.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.641-649
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• 2020

The study examines the effect of environmental factors on the international harmonization process of accounting on small and medium enterprises in Vietnam. These factors include legal environment, business environment, and cultural environment. The data is collected by a survey of 100 accountants and 100 auditors on the factors that affects the international harmonization process of accounting. The T-Tests indicate differences between the answers of the accountants and auditors. First, for the accountants, legal environment has the biggest effect on the harmonization process of accounting; while on the auditors, business environment has the biggest influence. Second, while the accountants consider costs higher than benefits in the harmonization process of accounting, the auditors assume that benefits are superior to costs that businesses spend. Third, both the accountants and the auditors indicate that the harmonization process of accounting should not be applied for all small and medium enterprises. From the study results, the author has given a different evaluation method that Vietnam should implement for international harmonization with the required adjustments as per the suitability with the status of businesses in Vietnam. The process of harmonization in accounting practices should not be indiscriminately applied to all the small and medium enterprises either.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.29-39
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• 2017

We investigate two abnormal CME-Storm pairs that occurred on 2014 September 10 - 12 and 2015 March 15 - 17, respectively. The first one was a moderate geomagnetic storm ($Dst_{min}{\sim}-75nT$) driven by the X1.6 high speed flare-associated CME ($1267km\;s^{-1}$) in AR 12158 (N14E02) near solar disk center. The other was a very intense geomagnetic storm ($Dst_{min}{\sim}-223nT$) caused by a CME with moderate speed ($719km\;s^{-1}$) and associated with a filament eruption accompanied by a weak flare (C9.1) in AR 12297 (S17W38). Both CMEs have large direction parameters facing the Earth and southward magnetic field orientation in their solar source region. In this study, we inspect the structure of Interplanetary Flux Ropes (IFRs) at the Earth estimated by using the torus fitting technique assuming self-similar expansion. As results, we find that the moderate storm on 2014 September 12 was caused by small-scale southward magnetic fields in the sheath region ahead of the IFR. The Earth traversed the portion of the IFR where only the northward fields are observed. Meanwhile, in case of the 2015 March 17 storm, our IFR analysis revealed that the Earth passed the very portion where only the southward magnetic fields are observed throughout the passage. The resultant southward magnetic field with long-duration is the main cause of the intense storm. We suggest that 3D magnetic field geometry of an IFR at the IFR-Earth encounter is important and the strength of a geomagnetic storm is strongly affected by the relative location of the Earth with respect to the IFR structure.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.583-587
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• 2020

Imitation fish roe (IFR) based on calcium alginate hydrogels (CAG) can be heat treated for sterilization and salted to prolong the shelf life. However, these processes change the physical properties of IFR, and it is necessary to minimize these changes. In this study, we investigated the effects of xanthan gum (XG) treatment on the quality and stability of IFR. Both non-XG and XG-treated IFRs were treated with boiling water (95℃), sodium chloride (0.5-2.0%, w/v), and autoclaving. The non-XG treated IFR shrunk slightly after the boiling water and autoclaving processes. By comparison, shrinkage of the XG-treated IFR after autoclaving was significantly reduced. The sphericity of the non-XG treated IFR was reduced by the boiling water, sodium chloride, and autoclaving treatment. However, the sphericity of the XG-treated IFR was maintained by 90% or more, preserving the IFR shape at a level visually recognized as spherical. In addition, unlike the non-XG treated IFR, the XG-treated IFR showed high rupture strength even after the salt and heat treatments. Our findings provide useful information for the industrialization of IFR based on CAG with heat and salt treatments.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2013

Purpose: The goal of this study was to build an accurate digital factory that evaluates the performance of a factory using computer simulation. To achieve this goal, we evaluated the effect of worker-related variables on production in a simulation model using comparative analysis of two cases. Methods: The overall work process and worker-related variables were determined and used to build a simulation model. Siemens PLM Software's Plant Simulation was used to build a simulation model. Also, two simulation models were built, where the only difference was the use of the worker-related variable, and the total daily production analyzed and compared in terms of the individual process. Additionally, worker efficiency was evaluated based on worker analysis. Results: When the daily production of the two models were compared, a 0.16% error rate was observed for the model where the worker-related variables were applied and error rate was approximately 5.35% for the model where the worker-related variables were not applied. In addition, the production in the individual processes showed lower error rate in the model that included the worker-related variables than the model where the worker-related variables were not used. Also, among the total of 22 workers, only three workers satisfied the IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) suggested worker capacity rate (90%). Conclusions: In the daily total production and individual process production, the model that included the worker-related variables produced results that were closer to the real production values. This result indicates the importance of worker elements as input variables, in regards to building accurate simulation models. Also, as suggested in this study, the model that included the worker-related variables can be utilized to analyze in more detail actual production. The results from this study are expected to be utilized to improve the work process and worker efficiency.