• ETRI Journal
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.588-595
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• 2010

This paper proposes encoding and decoding for nonlinear product codes and investigates the performance of nonlinear product codes. The proposed nonlinear product codes are constructed as N-dimensional product codes where the constituent codes are nonlinear binary codes derived from the linear codes over higher order alphabets, for example, Preparata or Kerdock codes. The performance and the complexity of the proposed construction are evaluated using the well-known nonlinear Nordstrom-Robinson code, which is presented in the generalized array code format with a low complexity trellis. The proposed construction shows the additional coding gain, reduced error floor, and lower implementation complexity. The (64, 24, 12) nonlinear binary product code has an effective gain of about 2.5 dB and 1 dB gain at a BER of $10^{-6}$ when compared to the (64, 15, 16) linear product code and the (64, 24, 10) linear product code, respectively. The (256, 64, 36) nonlinear binary product code composed of two Nordstrom-Robinson codes has an effective gain of about 0.7 dB at a BER of $10^{-5}$ when compared to the (256, 64, 25) linear product code composed of two (16, 8, 5) quasi-cyclic codes.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a method to keep the robot at a distance of 30 to 45cm from the user in consideration of each individual's minimum area and inconvenience by using a 2D LiDAR sensor LDS-01 as the secondary sensor along with a QR code. First, the robot determines the brightness of the video and the presence of a QR code. If the light is bright and there is a QR code due to human's presence, the range of the 2D LiDAR sensor is set based on the position of the QR code in the captured image to find and follow the correct target. On the other hand, when the robot does not recognize the QR code due to the low light, the target is followed using a database that stores obstacles and human actions made before the experiment using only the 2D LiDAR sensor. As a result, our robot can follow the target person in four situations based on nine locations with seven types of motion.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.545-560
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• 2012

Design codes provide the minimum requirements for the design of code-compliant structures to ensure the safety of the life and property. As for code-exceeding buildings, the requirements for design are not sufficient and the approval of such structures is vague. In mainland China in recent years, a large number of code-exceeding tall buildings, whether their heights exceed the limit for the respective structure type or the extent of irregularity is violated, have been constructed. Performance-based seismic design (PBSD) approach has been highly recommended and become necessary to demonstrate the performance of code-exceeding tall buildings at least equivalent to code intent of safety. This paper proposes the general methodologies of performance-based seismic analysis and design of code-exceeding tall buildings in Mainland China. The PBSD approach proposed here includes selection of performance objectives, determination of design philosophy, establishment of design criteria for structural components and systems consistent with the desirable and transparent performance objectives, and seismic performance analysis and evaluation through extensive numerical analysis or further experimental study if necessary. The seismic analysis and design of 101-story Shanghai World Financial Center Tower is introduced as a typical engineering example where the PBSD approach is followed. The example demonstrates that the PBSD approach is an appropriate way to control efficiently the seismic damage on the structure and ensure the predictable and safe performance.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 스마트 폰의 카메라와 온라인에서 제공되는 Open-API 책 정보를 이용하여 사용자가 쉽게 자신의 도서를 관리할 수 있는 어플리케이션을 제안한다. 스마트 폰의 카메라는 책에 있는 Bar-Code, QR-Code 등을 자동으로 인식 할 수 있으며, 인식한 내용 정보를 바탕으로 Open-API를 이용하여 보다 구체적인 도서 정보를 제공받을 수 있다. 제안 어플리케이션은 사용자가 제공받은 책 내용을 스캔 목록이나, 나의 책 리스트에 저장하며 필요시 현재까지 읽은 페이지를 메모하고, 다 읽은 책의 경우 간단한 코멘트를 작성할 수 있다. 즉, 제안 어플리케이션은 사용자가 읽는 책을 효과적으로 관리할 수 있는 유용한 기능을 제공한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2018

In this paper, we present a three-dimensional (3D) optical encryption technique for quick response (QR) code using computational synthesized integral imaging, computational volumetric reconstruction, and double random phase encryption. Two-dimensional (2D) QR code has many advantages, such as enormous storage capacity and high reading speed. However, it does not protect primary information. Therefore, we present 3D optical encryption of QR code using double random phase encryption (DRPE) and an integral imaging technique for security enhancement. We divide 2D QR code into four parts with different depths. Then, 2D elemental images for each part of 2D QR code are generated by computer synthesized integral imaging. Generated 2D elemental images are encrypted using DRPE, and our method increases the level of security. To validate our method, we report simulations of 3D optical encryption of QR code. In addition, we calculated the peak side-lobe ratio (PSR) for performance evaluation.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical application of a bar code medication administration and blood transfusion system and to identify its effects from the aspect of patient safety and nurse satisfaction in a tertiary hospital. Methods: The system in this study was PDA with bar code reading capability and wireless networking function. The logs created during application of the system and administration error reports were analyzed. For nurses' satisfaction with the system, data were collected from 337 nurses using the instrument developed by Otieno et al. and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The system application rate was 98.8%, and the main failure cases in the system application included bar code or network related factors. When the system was applied, 0.02% of errors were prevented. The nurses were satisfied with the system from the aspect of patient safety, however relatively less satisfied with the system from the aspect of work efficiency. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate the usefulness for patient safety of applying the bar code medication administration and blood transfusion system to clinical practice. However technological improvements including bar code and network communication are necessary to ensure higher work efficiency in nursing practice.

• 에너지공학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2015

관류식 직관형 증기발생기의 열수력 설계와 성능분석을 위한 해석코드를 개발하였다. 개발한 물리적 모델과 수치 해석 코드를 검증하기 위해 설계 제원이 공개되어 사용되고 있는 관류식 직관형 증기발생기를 개발된 코드를 이용해 해석하고 설계 자료와 비교하였다. 또한 동일한 증기발생기를 최적 열수력 안전해석코드인 MARS를 이용하여 해석한 뒤 비교분석하였다. 열전달면적, 압력 및 온도분포 등의 계산 결과는 설계 자료 및 MARS 코드의 계산 결과와 대부분 일치하게 나타났다. 최종적으로 개발된 코드가 직관형 증기발생기의 열적 설계 최적화 및 민감도 분석을 목적으로 폭넓게 사용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.84-91
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• 2020

The Korean nuclear industry developed the SPACE (Safety and Performance Analysis Code for nuclear power plants) code and this code adpots two-phase flows, two-fluid, three-field models which are comprised of gas, continuous liquid and droplet fields and has a capability to simulate three-dimensional model. According to the revised law by the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC) in Korea, the multiple failure accidents that must be considered for accident management plan of nuclear power plant was determined based on the lessons learned from the Fukushima accident. Generally, to improve the reliability of the calculation results of a safety analysis code, verification work for separate and integral effect experiments is required. In this reason, the goal of this work is to verify calculation capability of SPACE code for multiple failure accident. For this purpose, it was selected the experiment which was conducted to simulate a Multiple Steam Generator Tube Rupture(MSGTR) accident with Passive Auxiliary Feedwater System(PAFS) operation by Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) and focused that the comparison between the experiment results and code calculation results to verify the performance of the SPACE code. The MSGR accident has a unique feature of the penetration of the barrier between the Reactor Coolant System (RCS) and the secondary system resulting from multiple failure of steam generator U-tubes. The PAFS is one of the advanced safety features with passive cooling system to replace a conventional active auxiliary feedwater system. This system is passively capable of condensing steam generated in steam generator and feeding the condensed water to the steam generator by gravity. As the results of overall system transient response using SPACE code showed similar trends with the experimental results such as the system pressure, mass flow rate, and collapsed water level in component. In conclusion, it could be concluded that the SPACE code has sufficient capability to simulate a MSGTR accident.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제35S권10호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1998

Code division multiple access (CDMA) 이동 통신 시스템에서는 각 기지국을 동일 확산 부호의 위상 오프셋(phase offset)을 이용하여 구분하고 있으므로, 이 시스템에서 확산부호의 위상 오프셋을 안다는 것은 매우 중요하다. 부호의 주기가 길지 않을 경우는 한 부호와 이전된 부호 사이의 위상 오프셋은 두 부호를 비교하여 구할 수 있지만, 부호의 주기가 길어지면 이러한 방법으로는 어려움이 따른다. 본 논문은 정수론에 근거한 이원부호의 위상 오프셋 계산 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 중심적 역할을 하는 누산함수를 정의하고, 그들의 관계를 규명한다. 이러한 정수론적 접근 방법에 의하여 유도된 결과들을 이용하여 이원부호의 위상 오프셋 계산이 매우 쉽게 이루어짐을 보인다. CDMA (code diviision multiple access) 이동 통신에의 응용과 위상 오프셋 산출 회로 구현도 논의된다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2007

Recently, Mc(Multi-code) modulation/demodulation(modem) technique has been explored for high speed data transmission in wireless environment. The conventional Mc modem generates some side effects such as allocating Walsh codes, which motivates to propose a novel Mc modem method with sub-code. Our proposed system should expanded the size of sub-code to provide high-rate data transmission, which also affect adversely to the performance of the system with high PAPR(Peak to Average Power Ratio). Thus, in this paper, we propose a novel pre-coded Multi-Dimensional HCOC(High Capacity Orthogonal Code) Mc modem technique to reduce the high PAPR, which enables the performance improvement. This proposed system can be easily designed by concatenating HCOC Mc modem with the generic Mc modem. The pre-coding technique that is used in this paper is CAC(Constant Amplitude Coding), that helps the system maintain the constant transmission power and reduce the maximum transmission power.