• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.307-318
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• 2020

The integrated permit system is applied to class 1 and 2 atmospheric and water pollutant discharge facilities in 19 sectors. The fertilizer sector should receive a permit for a period of four years, from 2019 to 2023. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences between the Korean Best Available Techniques (BAT) reference document (K-BREF) and the European Union BAT reference document (EU-BREF) in terms of the process and emission characteristics of fertilizer manufacture. K-BREF is written by focusing on products, whereas EU-BREF is produced on focusing on manufacture process. There are five types of BATs(best available techniques economically achievable) in Korea. These BATs selected mainly to recover and reuse raw meterials and save energy. The number of BATs and BAT-AELs(BAT associated emission level) in K-BREF is smaller than that in EU-BREF. We suggest that BATs and those environmental management parameters in Korea need to further reflect the emission characteristics in the fertilizer sector.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.559-573
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• 2020

The purpose of this study analyzed the overview of corrugated cardboasrd manufacturing industry and then provide direction for improvement. The BREF (BAT reference document) is an important reference for licensees and officer, including the best available techniques for the industry and achievable environmental performance, technical characteristics, and economic information. In the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process, wastewater pollutants are generated throughout the production process, and water is used in the dissociation and aging process. Atmospheric emissions are mostly generated by steam production from boilers and incinerators for the dry process. SO₂, NOx, CO₂, CO, HCl, dust, VOC, and odor were common. In the EU-BREF (European union BAT reference documents) BAT for wastewater have taken up a relatively large proportion. Items of water pollutants in wastewater were common in COD, BOD, N, P, SS, and however EU-BREF had different pollutants such as AOX and salt compared to K-BREF. In order to improve the quality of the K-BREF, it is necessary to devise basic data research method and data acqusitiom method. Consideration should be given to additional environmental management techniques that reflect the emissions characteristics of the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process. In addition, further research is needed to develop methodologies for selecting BATs considering environmental and economic feasibility.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2008

Purpose: Yangsaeng is a traditional health care regimen that incorporates specific principles and methods to promote health and prevent illness, with the aim of improving the health and longevity of life. The present study assessed Yangsaeng and quality of life (QOL-BREF) in Korea. Methods: Data from 346 adults and elderly Koreans was collected by using a self-reported questionnaire. Analysis of the data included descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, t-test, ANOVA and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Results: Statistically significant differences in QOL-BREF were evident according to the age, job, religion, education level, economic status and positive thinking. Statistically significant differences were evident in Yangsaeng according to religion, education, economic status and positive thinking. Total QOL-BREF positively related to total Yangsaeng. Morality Yangsaeng, exercise Yangsaeng and sleep Yangsaeng were positively related to all QOL-BREF sub-domains. Conclusions: The Yangsaeng oriental health care regimen can improve QOL, and should be recommended as a means of health promotion and QOL in the Korean culture.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2020

Background: Cross-culturally adapted questionnaires may not be comparable to their original version. Objects: To examine concurrent validity of two health-related quality of life (HRQOL) instruments for the Korean versions of EuroQOL-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) and the abbreviated version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument. Methods: A total of 139 cancer survivors from two rehabilitation institutes was recruited. All participants were registered for palliative rehabilitation care. Both instruments were concurrently administered by health care providers following the second bout of the rehabilitation cares. Rasch partial credit model and Spearman's correlation analysis were used to investigate: 1) dimensionality, 2) hierarchical item difficulty, and 3) concurrent validity using correlations between two instruments. Results: For the WHOQOL-BREF, all items except negative feeling, pain, dependence of medical aid, were found to be acceptable, while all items of EQ-5D were acceptable. There was an evidence of negative correlations between EQ-5D and 4 domains of WHOQOL-BREF. Two correlations were strong (EQ-5D vs. physical health domain, ρ = -0.610, 95% CI = -0.716 to -0.475) and moderate (EQ-5D vs. psychosocial domain, ρ = -0.402, 95% CI = -0.546 to -0.236). Other two correlations were weak (EQ-5D vs. social relationship and environmental domains, ρ = -0.242, 95% CI = -0.401 to -0.075 and ρ = -0.364, 95% CI = -0.514 to -0.207, respectively). Item difficulty calibrations of the two measurements were ranged from -0.84 to 0.86 for the EQ-5D and -1.07 to 1.06 for the WHOQOL-BREF. Conclusion: The study provides some supports for the concurrent validity of the two Korean versions of HRQOL instrument, with evidences of weak to strong correlations between the EQ-5D and four domains of the WHOQOL-BREF applied to various cancer survivors. Additionally, the cancer survivors appeared to have more of a tendency to view the EQ-5D items as being slightly more challenging than the WHOQOL-BREF items.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.212-219
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• 2020

Background: Although the original version of the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaires are found to be acceptable, the cross-culturally adapted versions may not be comparable to their original version. Objects: To examine dimensionality and construct validity of two Korean versions of the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and EuroQOL-5 dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaires. Methods: A total of 77 cancer survivors undergoing palliative rehabilitation programs from two rehabilitation institutes was recruited from April 16, 2018 to June 26, 2019. The WHOQOL-BREF and the EQ-5D were filled out by the various cancer survivors following a particular session of rehabilitation programs. The scores were analyzed with Winsteps Rasch analysis computer program using the rating scale model. Rasch fit statistics were used to determine the dimensionality and the item difficulty calibrations of WHOQOL-BREF and EQ-5D. Results: All items except two, negative feeling, need treatment function and pain prevent activity (mean square [MnSq] = 2.42, 1.82 and 2.51, respectively), were found to be acceptable, while two items of the EQ-5D, anxiety/depression and self-care, were misfit (infit MnSq = 1.65 and 0.38, respectively). Item difficulty calibrations of WHOQOL-BREF match person ability measures (i.e., HRQOL) fairly well. However, the person ability distribution showed obvious ceiling effects for EQ-5D. All items of EQ-5D were appeared to be less challenged in comparison with those of WHOQOL-BREF. Conclusion: Item-level analysis using the Rasch model supports the quality of culturally adapted items used to measure the HRQOL one exception; that is, whether or not to include misfit items as part of the HRQOL measurements. Additionally, cancer survivors undergoing palliative rehabilitation programs appear to have more of a tendency to view the EQ-5D items as being more challenging than the WHOQOL-BREF.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.337-347
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• 2014

세계보건협회에서 인간후천성면역결핍환자 (human immunodeficiency virus; HIV)의 삶의 질을 측정하기 위해 개발한 WHOQOL-HIV BREF (World Health Organization's quality of life - human immunodeficiency virus, brief scale)를 한국판으로 번역 개발하였다. 설문 문항은 전반적 삶의 질과 건강상태를 묻는 두 문항과 6개의 도메인을 포함한 29문항을 합하여 총 31문항으로 구성되어 있다. 자료수집은 국내 14개 병원에 내원한 220명의 인간면역결핍바이러스 양성환자를 대상으로 전문조사원이 무기명 자가 기입식으로 조사하였다. 대상자 중 남성이 202명 (91.8%), 평균 나이는 40.6세, 평균 CD4+ T 세포수는 1ml당 414.9개였다. 삶의 질은 평균 53.2점이었고 도구의 크론바흐 ${\alpha}$ 신뢰계수는 0.942였다. 동일 도구로 측정한 포르투칼의 경우 54.8점으로 유사하였으며 전반적인 삶의 질과 건강상태와의 상관관계는 각각 0.747 (p <0.01)과 0.651 (p <0.01)이었다. 한국판 도구의 내적신뢰도와 구성타당도도 만족스러웠다. 후천성면역결핍증후군과 인간면역결핍바이러스 환자의 지속적인 관찰은 필요하며 이러한 도구의 개발은 이들의 삶 삶의 질 향상에 기여할 뿐만 아니라 다른 나라 환자들과의 비교를 가능하게 해 줄 것이다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.263-267
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• 2004

목적: 본 연구는 위암 환자에서 한국판 단축형 세계보건 기구 삶의 질 척도의 타당도를 검증하고 이를 이용하여 위암 환자의 삶의 질을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모자애병원 외과에서 근치적 절제술을 받은 50명의 위암 환자를 대상으로 하였으며 나이, 성별을 고려하여 선정된 성모자애병원 직원 50명을 대조군으로 하였다. 모든 대상군에게 100문항으로 이루어진 세계보건기구 삶의 질 척도를 구성하는 26문항을 선별하여, 환자군과 대조군에서 신체영역, 심리영역, 사회영역, 독립성 영역의 점수를 비교하였다. 결과: 각각의 영역에서 단축형 세계보건기구 삶의 질 척도 점수와 의미있는 상관관계를 보였다. 그리고 신체영역과 사회영역에서 위암 수술 환자의 삶의 질은 대조군과 비교해서 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 한국판 단축형 세계보건기구 삶의 질 척도는 위암 환자의 삶의 질을 평가하는 데 유용하고 타당한 도구라고 생각된다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2018

목적 : 본 연구는 수공예활동을 이용한 그룹 작업치료 중재프로그램이 뇌졸중 환자의 일상생활 수행능력과 삶의 질 향상에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 뇌졸중 환자 10명을 대상으로 진행하였으며, 두 집단 사전-사후 설계(Pretest-Posttest control group design)를 사용하였다. 실험은 사전검사 1회, 중재 10회, 사후 검사 1회로 총 12회기로 주 2회 6주간 실시하였다. 인지기능은 한국판 간이 정신상태검사 (Mini-Mental State Examinatin for Korean: MMSE-K)와 일상생활평가로 한글판 수정 바델 지수 (Korean Version of Modified Bathel Index: K-MBI)와 캐나다 작업수행 측정 (Canadian occupational performance measure: COPM)을 사용하였고, 삶의 질 평가는 한국판 세계 보건기구 삶의 질 간편형 척도(The World Health Organization Quality of life- BREF: WHOQOL-BREF)를 중재 전 후에 시행하였다. 기술통계와 비 모수 통계를 이용하여 결과분석을 하였다. 결과 : 실험군과 대조군의 사전 - 사후 결과를 비교한 결과 일상생활 활동 수행능력 부분에서 K-MBI의 점수 증진은 있었으나, 유의미한 차이는 없었다. COPM은 실험군에서만 수행도 전 후에 유의미한 차이가 있었으며, 실험군, 대조군 모두 만족도에 유의미한 차이가 있었다. WHOQOL-BREF에서 실험군에서 실험 전 후 및 집단 내에 유의미한 차이가 있었으며, 집단 간에도 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 결론 : 본 연구 결과를 통하여 뇌졸중 환자에게 수공예활동을 적용한 그룹 작업치료 중재프로그램이 작업수행능력과 삶의 질 증진에 효과가 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between Yangsaeng and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) of Korean adults and older people practicing Dan Jeon Breathing. Methods: The participants were 133 adults and elderly people practicing Dan Jeon Breathing. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires, which were constructed to include Yangsaeng and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF). Frequency, percentage, mean standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Cronbach ${\alpha}$ value were used with the SPSS 14.0 win program to analyze the data using for finding. Results: Significant differences in Yangsaeng were evident on the basis of age, gender, duration of DJB, regular practice of DJB, and other exercises. There were significant differences in quality of life in terms of existence of spouse and duration of DJB. Also, all subcategories in Yangsaeng were positively related to all domain of quality of life. Conclusion: The results indicate that the quality of life of adult and elderly Koreans who practice DJB is more closely associated with Yangsaeng. Therefore, Dan Jeon Breathing can be utilized as a nursing intervention for Yangsaeng and quality of life of Koreans.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.77-93
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• 2021

목적 : 본 연구에서는 COVID-19 양성 판정자의 라이프스타일 변화와 이로 인해 건강과 삶의 질에 미치는 영향에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 2020년 9월 생활치료센터에 입소한 양성 판정자 15명을 대상으로 혼합연구방법을 사용하였다. 입소자들의 COVID-19 전·후의 라이프스타일 패턴과 양을 이해하기 위해 The Yonsei Lifestyle Profile을 사용하였으며 건강 및 삶의 질을 분석하기 위해 Korean version of WHOQOL-BREF, MSBS-8, ISI-K를 사용하였다. 이후 심층 인터뷰를 시행하였으며 이를 통해 얻은 결과는 Colaizzi의 주제 분석법에 따라 분석하였다. 결과 : COVID-19 전·후 비교 결과, The Yonsei Lifestyle Profile(p<.01), WHOQOL-BREF(p<.01), MSBS-8(p<.01), ISI-K(p=.05) 모두 통계적으로 유의한 변화를 보였다. 질적 연구 결과 총 179개의 의미 있는 진술, 14개의 부주제, 11개의 주제, 3개의 범주로 분류되었다. 최종 분류된 범주는 양성 판정자들의 감정, 생활치료센터에서의 경험, 입소자 관점에서의 니즈(Needs)이다. 결론 : COVID-19로 인해 양성 판정자들은 라이프스타일, 건강, 삶의 질에 부정적인 영향을 받았다. 이에 대하여 입소자들은 다양한 활동, 상담 및 면담과 같은 의사소통을 필요로 하였다. 따라서 경한 증상을 가진 COVID-19 양성 판정자에게 라이프스타일, 삶의 질, 건강에 도움이 될 수 있는 프로그램 개발이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.