• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 1996

The purpose of the survey was to identify the degree and the relationship of sexual knowledge, sexual attitude and need of sex education. This information will provide useful data for a more systematic. desirable, and practical sex education. The data was collected from 300 first grade schoolchildren (150 boys and 150 girls) of two Junior high school in K city. The data was gathered by questionnaire from Nov.21 to 28, 1995. The questionnaire was modified by authors using the questionnaire developed by Lief & Reed. Data was analyzed by using the statistical computer package, SAS to manipulate the data along with percentages, means, standard deviation, t-test, $X^2$-test, GLM, and Pearson correlation coeffiency. The results in this study were summarized as follows: 1. Sexual knowledge. - The mean score of sexual knowledges showed no significant differences between boys and girls(p<0.6180), but in the areas of biological differences(boys; $11.57{\pm}2.43$, girls; $10.93{\pm}2.41$, p<0.0242), and pregnancy physiology(boys; $9.28{\pm}1.87$, girls; $10.04{\pm}2.42$, p<0.0026) showed significant difference between boys and girls. 2. Sexual attitudes. - The mean score of sexual attitudes showed no significant difference between boys and girls (p<0.8286), but in the areas of masturbation (boys : $6.69{\pm}2.22$, girls : $5.65{\pm}1.88$, p<0.0001), and premarital intercourse (boys : $5,42{\pm}1.35$, girls : $6.00{\pm}1.33$, p<0.0002) showed significant difference between boys and girls 3. Need of sex education. - The majority of the subjects wanted to learn about sexual delinquency and it's prevention(57.7%), form a friendship with the other sex(56.3%), physical differences of the other sex(52.0%), psychological differences and the charateriatics of the other sex (50.3%) and meaning of love(50.3%). 4. The relationships between sexual knowledges and sexual attitudes. - Those who had higher sexual knowledges showed more positive attitudes towards sex, and showed statistical significance(r=0.2074, p<0.0003). 5. The relationships between general charateristics and sexual knowledge. - Better students(by self-perception of school performance) had higher knowledge scores about sex. 6. The relationships between general charateristics and sexual attitudes. - Those who wanted to learn more about sex, and better students had higher attitude scores about sex. - Those who were in high standard of living had higher attitude scores about sex as well. Suggestions based on above study are as follows' 1. The planned sex education showed be performed to the schoolchildren establish responsible attitudes about sex. 2. Systematic sex education through formal school education according to age is recommended. 3. Further studies should be done to measure the effect of sex education based on the needs of the schoolchildren.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.333-340
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to classify the lower body somatotype based on the side view and to analyze the characteristics of each somatotype. The subject were 234 Korean Junior High School Girls. Data were collected through photographic sources and analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis and analysis of variance. The result of factor analysis indicated that 4 factors were extracted through factor analysis and those factorscomprised 73.5% of total variance. Using factor scores, cluster analysis was carried out and the subject were classified into 3 clusters. Each cluster was classified as their lower bobs side view contour.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.209-214
• /
• 1993

The purpose of this study is to provide the fundamental data for a dummy design used I read-made clothing and underwear production I terms of a pattern of breast types based o their morphological characteristics in accordance with different pattern of breast types. The breast's side and frontal views of the breast were measured with 90 junior high school girls of age between 13 and 16 residing in the urban area of Seoul using the plan photogrammetry. 1. The correlation between the side view body measurement and the breast's side and front view were analyzed by using the canonical correlation analysis, whereby the side view body measurement is showing a 39% of the breast's side view and frontal view. 2. The breast's side and front view has been classified by cluster analysis. The results of custer analysis for the breast's side and front view would be turned out the four cluster. 1) The cluster Ⅰ, The most volumed breast's side view.(20%) 2) The cluster Ⅱ, The fastest growing breast's front view.(38%) 3) The cluster Ⅲ, the latest growing breast.(3%) 4) The cluster Ⅳ, the middle degree growing breast.(39%)

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.415-423
• /
• 1997

The purposes of this study were to investigate the intercorrelations among various motivational patterns and learning strategies and to examine the differences in motivation and strategy usage in terms of students' science achievement level, gender, and grade. A questionnaire on achievement goal, self-efficacy, self-concept of ability, expectancy, value, causal attributions, and learning strategies was administered to 360 junior high/high school students (178 males, 182 females). Students who adopted performance-oriented goal tended not to be task oriented. Task-oriented students had high levels of self-efficacy, high self-concept of ability, and expectancies for future performance in science. They also valued science and attributed thier failures to the lack of effort. However, performance-oriented students evaluated their ability negatively, did not value science, and attributed thier failures to uncontrollable causes. With respect to learning strategy, task-oriented students tended to use deep-level strategy, whereas performance-oriented students tended to use surface-level strategy and not to use deep-level strategy. High-achieving students, boys, and junior high school students were more task-oriented, evaluated their ability more positively, and valued science more than low-achieving students, girls, and high school students, respectively. High-achieving students and boys also used deep-level strategy more than each of their counterparts. However, no significant difference in learning strategy was found between junior high school students and high school students. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.319-326
• /
• 2007

The health of feet is connected with individual's health and affects a man's activity. Shoes need to be designed to protect feet and to absorb the impact of land. In order to choose suitable shoes for feet, the foot size and shape must be considered, so it is essential to grasp the exact size and shape of the foot. This study aims to present fundamental data on shoes' easy order prototype development for choosing shoes of good wearing comfort, by classifying feet size and shape junior high school boys in the early adolescent period. The subject were 217 Korean junior high school girls in age from 14 to 16 years old. The subjects were directly measured anthropometrically and indirectly analyzed photographically. 7 factors were extracted through factor analysis and those factors comprised 78.59% of total variance. The factors were characterized foot length, foot girth and width, foot shape around the fifth toes, foot shape around the first toes, angle of foot breadth, foot height, and foot length of upper foot. 3 clusters as their foot shape were categorized using 7 factor scores by cluster analysis. Type 1 had smaller in foot girth, width and length than other types and with deformed fifth toe. Type 2 had average size and high foot shape. Type 3 was characterized by long large foot with deformed first toe. The results would be a great support in producing and choosing appropriate shoes if forms are classified by subdividing foot form classification and extract a factor which shows only the foot sole shape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 1986

The purposes of this study were: 1) to investigate four aspects of high school students' clothing attitudes as compared with their needs and family value orientations. 2) to ascertain whether differences existed between toys and girls on four aspects of clothing attitudes. Needs were measured through The Need Diagnosis Scale (Jaung-Ku Whang: 1965). Family value orientations were measured through The Home Environment Inventory(Won-Sik Jung : 1970). Four aspects of clothing attitudes were assessed by means of Lee; Kahng; Lee; Yang's questionnaires. The questionnaires were administered to a sample of 576 senior high school students(285 boys and 291 girls) in Won-Ju. The data was analyzed by correlations, multiple regression, t-test. The results were as follows : 1) Need for exhibition was positively related to clothing exhibition and fashion interest for both boys and girls, and clothing conformity for boys only. Need for exhibition was negatively related to clothing modesty for boys only. Need for affiliation was positively related to clothing exhibition for both boys and girls, fashion for girls only, and clothing conformity for boys only. 2) Social climber family value orientation was positively related to clothing conformity and clothing modesty for boys only. Materialistic family value orientation was positively related to clothing exhibition. Traditional family value orientation was positively related to clothing modesty for both boys and girls, and negatively related to clothing exhibition. 3) Girls scored significantly higher than boys on attitudes toward fashion and clothing modesty, whereas boys scored significantly higher than girls on attitudes toward clothing conformity.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.353-360
• /
• 2004

Purpose: This study was to identify the relationship between sexual attitude, sexual identity, sexual permissiveness in girls in junior high school, Method: The participants were 587 female students in Chungnam Province. Data were collected by questionnaire surveys using convenience sampling. The instruments were the Sexual Attitude Scale by Kim (1997), the Sexual Identity Scale by Jung (1990), and the Sexual Permissiveness Scale developed by Reiss (1964). Data were analyzed by the SPSS 11.0 program. using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison. Results: The relationship between sexual attitude and sexual permissiveness had a positive correlation (r=.440, p-0.000). Sexual identity was positively correlated (r=.180, p=.036; r=.222, p=.014) with both sexual attitude and sexual permissiveness, but maleness was the only positive correlation (r=.258, p=.014) with sexual permissiveness, no sexual specialization was the only characteristic that had a positive correlation (r=.188, p=.046) with sexual attitude. Conclusion: These results suggest assessment of these factors and treatment fitted to individual needs are important for correct sexual culture. There should be repeated research on various population groups. Moreover, it is considered necessary to carry out factor-related theoretical researches on several variables related to sex through multilateral literature reviews.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.12-24
• /
• 2017

Objectives The purpose of this study was to validate the biopsychological structure of Sasang Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) measuring Yin-Yang temperament with Junior version of Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI) for temperament and Body Mass Index (BMI) and Pondera Index (PI) for physical constitution in elementary school students. Methods 903 Korean elementary school students (430 boys and 473 girls) completed SPQ, JTCI, and height and weight measures. Then they were analyzed by their genders and age groups. The correlation between SPQ and JTCI subscales were examined. The differences found in the SPQ and JTCI subscales, BMI and PI among high (30%), middle (40%), and low (30%) SPQ groups were investigated by analysis of variance. The profile analysis was also performed to compare JTCI subscale profiles of three SPQ total score groups. Results The SPQ score was significantly (p<0.001), and positively correlated with the JTCI Novelty-Seeking and negatively with the JTCI Harm-Avoidance. The JTCI Novelty-Seeking score of high SPQ group was significantly (p<0.001) higher than that of low SPQ group, and the JTCI Harm-Avoidance score of low SPQ group was significantly higher than that of high SPQ group. The JTCI subscale profiles for three SPQ groups were significantly (p<0.001) different for boys and girls. Significant correlations between BMI and SPQ were not found. PI and BMI of high and low SPQ groups were not significantly different. Conclusions The SPQ was shown to have robust biopsychological structure in elementary school students. It would be useful clinical measures for Sasang typology in pediatric patients.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.153-166
• /
• 2000

The relations between friendships peer aggression and victimization by peers were examined with a sample of 426 second-grade junior high school students(210 boys and 216 girls) Data were collected using questionnaires regarding friendship(number of friends and presence of a best friend) peer aggression and victimization by peers. The number of friends was significantly related to peer aggression both in boys and girls indicating that the more friends they had the less peer aggression they showed. Peer aggression didn't vary as a function of the presence of a best friend. The number of friends was also significantly related to victimization both in boys and girls. The more friends they had the less victimization they experienced. Victimization varied as a function of the presence of a best friend only in adolescent boys in which those having a best friend were rated by peers to experience less victimization, Victimization was related to peer aggression both in boys and girls. T e more victimization they experienced the more peer aggression they showed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.15-26
• /
• 1974

Through the questionaire inquiry from April 1st to 10th, 1974 with 393 students in Woonho, Saekwang junior and senior highschool and Daisung, Ilshin girls' junior and senior highschool in Chungju, Choong Cheong Buk Do, I surveyed the general circumstances of students and their unbalanced diet on total 199 foods and causes of the unbalanced diet and regard the 21 boys and 29 girls who don't like to eat more than 30 foods from the given 47 protein-foods which are needed by students who are now in the stage of growth. This study is concerned with their circumstances and the causes of their ill habit of eating. 1) As to their distribution of age, 14 and 18 year old boys were six (28.5%), 11 and 13 year old girls were eleven (38.1%). In the survey on their height, 6 boys (28.5) were from 146 cm to 150 cm and 11 girls (38.1%) were from 146 cm to 150 cm. On the weight, 7 boys were from 36 kg to 40 kg(33.7%), 10 girls were from 36 kg to 40 kg (34.0%). We can see that ill habiters of eating were more weaker than other students from this data. 2) In the survey of educational level of their housewive it was found that number of graduates of the primary school is thirty (60.0%). So we can derive the fact that they don't make any variety in their daily table for their family. 3) As to their living standard, 19 boys (90.4%) and 27 girls (93.3%) belong to the middle class, low and high class were a little. This indicates the general living standard if Korea, because in common sence we regard the riches are the more ill habiters of eating. 4) 8 boys (36.8%) and 8 girls (26.8%) were the first children in their homes. This indicates the fact that housewive happen to make the first child as the ill habiter of eating because their lack of experience to give various food for their children. As to the survey on their infant nutriments, 41 students (80.2%) were fed by mother's milk. 5) Upon the causes of the unbalanced diet on a certain food, 34 boys (82.7%) and 45 girls (64.6%) were because of appearing to that food, 10 boys (40.8%) and 18 girls (61.5%) were because of the characteristic fragrance, 11 boys (52.4%) and 17 girls (58.1%) were because they have never eated that food till now, 34 boys (19.3%) and 5 girls (17.0%) were because of the bad appearance of the food. So housewive should study various ways of cooking daily meals at home and try to give their children who are in the stage of growth to be able to eat wider kinds of foods for the improvement of health.