• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 2010

King Heonjong was the twenty-fourth King of the Joseon Dynasty. He took the throne when he was only 8 years old, and had to go through power politics of maternal relations. During his period, situations worsened in both domestic and foreign affairs, meaning the beginning fall of the Joseon Dynasty. In respect to the diseases and treatments of King Heonjong, there appeared very few articles compared with the previous Kings, in the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, the Journal of Royal Secretariat, and the Diary of Kings of the Joseon Dynasty. He caught small pox and recovered in 10 days at the age of 17. Some articles showed that he suffered from symptom of indigestion, dyspepsia and edema. He died at 23 and had no descendants. We assume that the cause of death was due to worsening of kidney failure.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Uihakyimmun (醫學入門) was written around 1580 by Li Ting (李梴) during the Ming Dynasty of China. Later, during the mid-Joseon period, Uihakyimmun (醫學入門) was introduced to Joseon and is believed to have contributed to the development of Joseon medicine. The importance of this Uihakyimmun (醫學入門) was especially evident as it was designated as a textbook for medical examination in the late Joseon Dynasty. This paper examines the process of Uihakyimmun (醫學入門) being introduced into Joseon based on historical records. It also considered the reason why Medical Education was selected as the textbook for the medical examination instead of Donguibogam (東醫寶鑑). As a result, it was widely read by court doctors before being selected as a test textbook, and gradually became a formal textbook after being used in informal tests. In addition, it was revealed through historical records that the reason why Uihakyimmun (醫學入門) was chosen instead of Donguibogam (東醫寶鑑) was because Uihakyimmun (醫學入門) fit better with Confucian values.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.29-44
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• 2013

This study is about the periodic characteristics of Wonsam in the Joseon Dynasty. Wonsam include the Danryeong-shaped Wonsam in the beginning, the compound Wonsam in a period of transition and the stereotyped Wonsam in the late Joseon Dynasty. The formative characteristics of Wonsam are divided into four stages. The first stage of the Wonsam is from the 15th to 16th century. The shape of Wonsam began to form and it was similar to one of Danryeong during this time. The formative characteristics of the first Wonsam included collars that looked like one of Danryeong, side pleats(called Moo) with multiple inner folds, straight cylinder-shaped sleeves, and a belt tied with the Wonsam. There were various fabrics that were used for the Wonsam from this stage. Second stage of the Wonsam is from the early 17th to mid 17th century. This period marked the beginning of the transition of the Wonsam and it served as a stepping-stone to the development stage in the Joseon Dynasty. The characteristics of the transitional Wonsam were a complex combination of the Danryeong and Wonsam. During this period, the Wonsam went through many changes and forms in a short period of time. Third stage of the Wonsam is from the mid 17th to early 19th century. The Wonsam was developed at this stage. The developed Wonsam went through a period of transition equipped with a stable form. The formative characteristics of Wonsam during this period included collars that faced each other, big and wide sleeves with multicolored stripes, Hansam, curve-edged side seam and the side pleats(Moo) with multiple inner folds had disappeared. It was a turning point from the single-layered clothes to double layered clothes and from dark blue to green color appeared at this time. The fabric patterns of this stage tended to consist of more simplified silk pattern. The fourth stage of the Wonsam is from the late 19th to 20th century. The Wonsam was expanded at this stage. The formative characteristics and fabrics were typically used for the standard Wonsam and were divided into two types; as a ceremonial robe used in courts and a wedding ceremonial robe for the common people. Phenomena such as sewing of double-layered clothes as one and straight-edged side seam during the late Joseon period developed into simpler and more practical fashion culture.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.55-69
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• 2016

This study examined the bibliographical characteristics of Hyangyak Jipseongbang that was compiled in the $15^{th}$ century (1433) and continued to publish throughout the early period of Joseon Dynasty. Various existing records and the early Joseon printed edition of Hyangyak Jipseongbang stored in a domestic Sancheong Korean Medicine Museum were reviewed from 3 perspectives as follows. First, it is the bibliographical system approach to Hyangyak Jipseongbang for some circumstances related to its compilation and publication. Second, it is the significance in terms of printing history through the analysis of bibliographical characteristics and the status of the remaining Hyangyak Jipseongbang. Particularly, the period of publication is an important factor to determine the value of a book. In this respect, most of the extant early-Joseon editions of Hyangyak Jipseongbang seem to have been published during the ruling years of King Sung Jong. Those editions are expected to have distinctive meaning from other copied editions of the $17^{th}$ century. Last, it is bibliographical orignal analysis of Hyangyak Jipseongbang. This study reviewed the contents and composition of Vol. 49 through 51 of Hyangyak Jipseongbang stored in Sancheong Korean Medicine Museum in an attempt to help understand the textual bibliography and composition system of exhibiting editions.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2022

The construction period of the ondol (Korean floor heating system) at Hoeamsa Temple Site is known as Joseon. The main reason is that a large number of remains in the Joseon era were excavated from the ondol floor with an all-around ondol method. This article partially accepts the theory of the creation of Ondol at Hoeamsa Temple Site during the Joseon Dynasty and suggests a new argument that some Ondol remains were built during the Goryeo Dynasty. The grounds for them are as follows. First, through the building sites consistent with the arrangement of the Cheonbosan Hoeamsa Sujogi (天寶山檜巖寺修造記, Record of Repair and Construction of Hoeamsa at Cheonbosan Mountain), it is highly likely that the ondol remains as a basic floor was maintained during the reconstruction period in Goryeo. Second, the all-around ondol method of the Monastery Site has already been widely used since the Goryeo Dynasty. Third, some ondol remains consist of "Mingaejari" and "Dunbeonggaejari," which were the methods of the gaejari (which dug deeper and stayed in the smoke) in the pre-Joseon Dynasty. Based on the above evidence, this study argues that the building sites such as Dongbangjangji, Seobangjangji, Ipsilyoji, Sijaeyoji, Susewaryoji, Seogiyoji, Seoseungdangji, Jijangryoji, and Hyanghwaryoji were constructed during the late Goryeo Dynasty.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.24-34
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine the pieces of 100 fabrics excavated from unknown woman's tomb Incheon, by analyzing woven methods, names of the fabrics, the kinds and the shapes of the patterns. The characteristics to assume the period of the fabrics are as follows. The geumsundan which was woven peacock insignia at chest and back area was excavated for the first time from the tomb of Joseon. Peacock insignia woven with satin weave using supplementary golden wefts, wrapped gold thread. These kind of fabrics were usually imported in the $15^{th}$ century, according to the old documents, 'Nogeoldae' 'Joseonwangjosilrok' written at the end of Goryeo or early in Joseon. Thus, these relics are from about $15^{th}$ century. From this tomb, the mixture fabric of cotton and ramie are excavated. According to another excavated cases, the mixture fabric of cotton and ramie appears from the period before the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, and after the invasion, there are usually mixture fabric of cotton and silk. This also tells that these fabrics show the characteristics of those from the early period of Joseon Dynasty. The rounded patterns of Jangot is only shown from the fabrics of late Goryeo Dynasty, and the cloud pattern of an upper garment with a squared neckline is shown from the early Joseon Dynasty. So, the patterns from these excavated costumes are ranged from the late Goryeo Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty. To assume the period through the overall study above, these relics show the characteristics of the $15^{th}$ century fabric.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.51-61
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• 2015

This study examines the types and forms of underwear worn during the Joseon Dynasty period, and the purpose of this study is to apply the Joseon underwear design elements into designs of modern clothes, and make clothes that have practical use. In addition, it examines natural dyeing in the production of works, using a dye that contains tannin to increase color fastness. This study, first, looked into the types of female underwear during the late-Joseon Dynasty period through literature research and literature study. Second, the study chose artificial silk material (rayon), which was applied with dye containing tannin, and then with indigo (Jjok) and a different dye. Also, the study tested color fastness by washing the material, and rubbing fastness was tested if the material was either dyed with indigo. if it was dyed first with dye stuff containing tannin, and then with indigo dyeing color. Third, using the underwear types in the Joseon Dynasty period, the study developed and produced a dress, a skirt and pants that could be worn in modern life on a daily basis by applying Mujigi-chima (underwearskirt), Dan-sokgot (slip), Salchang-gojaengi (loosedrawers) and Sok-baji (bloomers) forms. Dresses applying underwear skirt using naturally-dyed artificial silk, dresses applying Salchang-gojaengi, dresses applying Dan-sokgot, skirt without a crotch designed in the form of pant swith an open crotch, and pant skirt with a crotch-applying pants with an open crotch were produced. In the future, hopefully, various studies of collaborations of Korean traditional clothing, and natural dyeing will continue to kee) the tradition alive.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.149-152
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• 2021

Our previous research on coprolite specimens from the mummies of Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910 CE) has revealed various species of parasite eggs. Herein, we added 2 new helminthic cases of human remains from Joseon-period graves in the Republic of Korea (Korea). The organic materials precipitated on the hip bones of 2 half-mummied cases (Goryeong and Gwangmyeong cases) were collected, rehydrated, and examined by a microscope. In the sample from Goryeong-gun (gun=County), ova of Trichuris trichiura, Clonorchis sinensis, and Metagonimus spp. were detected, and eggs of T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides were found from the sample of Gwangmyeong-si (si=City). By adding this outcome to the existing data pool, we confirm our previous estimates of Joseon-period parasite infection rates. The overall rates of A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, and C. sinensis decreased dramatically from Joseon to the modern period. In Goryeong mummy specimen, we also found Metagonimus spp. eggs that has rarely been detected in archaeological samples so far.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.301-319
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• 2019

This study is to review the Joseon government's attempt to recover the tariff autonomy lost in the course of entering into the unequal treaty with then-Japan government, as well as the practical effort to realize such an attempt. Among other attempts, the Joseon government ① began imposing tariffs starting September 1878 by establishing Dumopo Customs Office in Busan, ② dispatched on April 1881 a group of investigators to the competent authorities to review and look back the Joseon's tariff system against Japan and ③ entered into a tariff negotiation with then-Japan government on September 1881 with the emissary (Susinsa) Byeong-ho Jo representing the Joseon government. A series of these attempts, in line with each other, represents the Joseon government's ceaseless, constant effort to recover the tariff autonomy, which is what this study intends to review from the modern-day perspectives. Authored by Byeong-ho Jo to capture an advantageous position in the 1881's tariff negotiation against then-Japan government, 「Joilseui」 successfully represented the Joseon government's position on matters of ① the Japanese tax-autonomous district in Korea, ② defining tariff rates, ③ use of Japanese Yen for payment of tariffs, ④ effective period of the treaty and ⑤ export restrictions on grains. Failure of the Joseon government's attempt to recover the Tariff autonomy was attributable not only to, as 「Joilseui」 defined, ① governments' non-cooperative attitudes on the negotiation table, ② lack of authorities that the entrusted bodies had, ③ import tariffs defined high and ④ export restrictions on grains and red ginseng, but also to loss of the tariff autonomy in 1876 and the 1881's negotiation broken down that were plotted by then-Japan government's invasive policy.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.117-128
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• 2019

The necessity of the Toi-Maru has increased greatly in order to enter to the building or to move conveniently in the building after the mid-Joseon period, when the combination of On-dol Ma-ru began to be universally used. According to this process, the 3-Dori type upper structure is thought to have undergone the typological changed by securing a more stable space of Toi-Maru In cases where a relatively large girder was used, it is often the case that the space is divided using a pillar to place a Toi-Maru on the front. However, it is difficult to find a case where the width of the Toi-Maru exceeds 1meter due to its structural limit. The type that made additional Toi-girder to overcome the spatial constraint of this structure and replaced the method of former typology after Mid-Jpseon period. In case of 5-Dori type, Toi-Maru installed in between high post and Toi post in early period. In these type, the width of Toi-Maru was subordinated by the location of milled Dori of roof structure and sometimes it became too excessive. 5-Dori type with Pyon-ju occurred to overcome these restriction between the width of Toi-Maru and the location of milled Dori of roof structure. Not a few remains of Mid-Jpseon period keeping the evidences of changing process of roof structure provoked by Toi-Maru installation. The consistent process of Toi-Maru installation and structural adjustment will be focused to consider the attempt to spatial requirement and architectural reaction in Mid-Joseon perid.