• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.14-23
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• 2014

Existing attending management systems require a high cost and are lack of convenience. In this paper, we propose a convenient and practical attending management system as follows: First, our system allows us to construct an attendance book in an easy and simple way. A professor does not have to provide the information of students using the small screen of his smartphone. Instead, each student manages his own information via the app designed for a student in our system. Then the professor can construct the attendance book using another app designed for the professor by confirming the requests from the app designed for a student. Second, our system enables a professor to utilize the pictures of students as well as other information of students to have a good relationship with students. Third, our system provides a functionality of checking attendance automatically by calling the names of students via the app designed for the professor. Then the professor has only to match the name with the face of each student. Fourth, our system provides a functionality of checking attendance in a very fast manner. Our system can complete this behavior within a short time since all students can join the attendance simultaneously by using the app designed for the student. Fifth, our system can prevent an illegal attendance easily by utilizing the distance information.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.119-126
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• 2019

For this purpose, research was made to look into the style, material, organization, and legal as well as institutional system of the bonsai industry in the three countries. In order to understand what significance it has and how it has changed historically, related literature was surveyed and questionnaires were distributed to the concerned people to collect the data needed for them to plan bonsai industry. The results of the survey are as follows. Analysis of awareness of bonsai culture, respondents replied that the motive and purpose of bonsai is because they like flower trees, and the technical information about bonsai is usually obtained by visits to bonsai gardens. The analysis revealed that respondents usually join more than one bonsai club and are active more than once a month, which means longer than 4 hours each month, and their activities are more frequently in the metropolitan area. From the analysis of preference for bonsai culture, it was made known that the favorite bonsai size is less than middle one(20~50cm), the characteristics of the favorite species are beauty. A research and analysis of bonsai-related technical education found that bonsai is trimmed manually in general, bonsai experts are usually kept in contact with, and the bonsai technique is learned through interaction with the experts.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.381-391
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• 2009

This is the study of the effects and changes on the ichthyofauna and fish community in Jeonju-cheon stream (located in Jeonju Cit, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea) after the implementation of the Natural Stream Restoration Project. The restoration of the stream was carried out between April 2000 and December 2002, and it covered the mid-section of the stream starting from the upstream of Hanbyeok Bridge down to Samcheon where branches of water join. It is 7.2 km long and passes through the downtown area. In this study, comparisons were made before and after the restoration. Before the restoration (1975 to 1999), the number of fish species collected from the Jeonju-cheon stream turned out to be 12 to 18 species, whereas after the restoration (2003 to 2008), it increased up to 34 species in total. Especially in the case of the middle and downstream sections running across the central regions of the city (Daga Bridge to Seosin Bridge), the number of fish species significantly increased from 5 species to 22 species. Such a dramatic increase of fish species appears to be directly related to the restoration of the stream which was designed to improve the quality of water by preventing polluted sewage water from running into the stream. Besides, the structure of stream bed which became more diversified into various components such as marshes and shallows, as well as rocks, Pebbles, sand and clay, also contributed to the increase of fish species.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.137-145
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• 2015

The slab-type precast modular bridge consists of the precast slab bridge modules which are connected in the transverse direction. The longitudinal joints between the precast slab bridge modules are filled with cast-in-place mortar. The construction of the slab-type precast modular bridge is completed by applying the prestressing force on the longitudinal joints. In this study, 4-points bending tests and 3-points bending tests were conducted to examine the effects of the prestressing force and the shape of joint on the flexural strength and crack serviceability of longitudinal joint. The results of 4-points bending tests showed that the flexural strength is affected by the prestressing force but not by the shape of join. From the results of 3-points bending tests by which the bending moment and the shear force are simultaneously applied on the joints of the specimens, it is observed that the shape of joint affects on the flexural strength and the crack behavior. The results of two types of bending tests confirmed that the prestressing force according to the design code is appropriate and the joint with two shear keys gives the better performances against the crack of joint.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.346-360
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• 2003

In order to investigate the geochemical characteristics of surface sediments in streams of Gwangju City, sediment samples from the main stream of Yeongsan river, Hwangryong river, and Gwangjucheon in the city were collected and analyzed for grain size and metal and organic carbon contents. The sediment types of the streams widely vary from pebble to mud. The metal contents in the sediments from Yeongsan river and Hwangryong river are mainly dependent on the grain size of the sediments and the geology around the streams, while the sediments in Gwangiucheon are controlled by organic matter contents from the domestic sewage. The enrichment factor (Ef) and index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) representing the degree of metal contamination in the sediments are relatively low in the mainstream of Yeongsan river and Hwangryong river. However, those of Gwangjucheon show EF values of P=8.30, Cu=5.54, Zn=14.28 and Pb=7.41 and Igeo values of P=3.78, Cu=2.79, Zn=3.66 and Pb=1.59. The heavy metal contamination is especially significant near the area where the Seobangcheon and Donggyecheon branches of Gwanjucheon, join. Therefore, it is suggested that the metallic contaminations of these small streams are significantly influenced by the domestic sewage of the city.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.14D no.2
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• pp.157-168
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• 2007

For effective analyses in various business applications, OLAP(On-Line Analytical Processing) systems represent the multidimensional data as the horizontal format of tables whose columns are corresponding to values of dimension attributes. Because the traditional RDBMSs have the limitation on the maximum number of attributes in table columns(MS SQLServer and Oracle permit each table to have up to 1,024 columns), horizontal tables cannot be directly stored into relational database systems. In this paper, we propose various efficient optimization strategies in transforming horizontal queries to equivalent vertical queries. To achieve this goral, we first store a horizontal table using an equivalent vertical table, and then develop various query transformation rules for horizontal table queries using the PIVOT operator. In particular, we propose various alternative query transformation rules for the basic relational operators, selection, projection, and join. Here, we note that the transformed queries can be executed in several ways, and their execution times will differ from each other. Thus, we propose various optimization strategies that transform the horizontal queries to the equivalent vertical queries when using the PIVOT operator. Finally, we evaluate these methods through extensive experiments and identify the optimal transformation strategy when using the PIVOT operator.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.27-35
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• 2008

Recently, many studies have reported the fact that an excessively accumulated psychological and physical burden induced from physical labor conducted routinely in home and industry can be one of main reasons of musculoskeletal disorders in the working population. This fact makes increase interests in studies to reduce a risk of musculoskeletal disorders through grafting ergonomic considerations on working environment. However, there are currently limited methodologies in quantitative evaluations of new ergonomic suggestions to reduce a risk of musculoskeletal disorders. The current study is therefore performed to evaluate quantitatively effects of a design of washing machine as a new ergonomic suggestion onto prevention of musculoskeletal disorders, through application of a biomechanical evaluation methodology. For this, three-dimensional motion analysis by using musculoskeletal models with Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), which has been generally used for a simple evaluation of a degree of harmfulness of the human body at specific working postures to be considered, was performed. The results of REBA did not give us enough information and their results were somewhat simple and inaccurate, but the results of the three-dimensional motion analysis give us enough information such as alteration of main muscle forces and joint moments required during washing work. All results showed that the main muscle strengths and joint moments were decreased effectively for reduction of a risk of musculoskeletal disorders during the washing work with newly designed washing machine evaluated in the current study, compared with those generated during the washing work with general washing machine. From these results, it can be concluded that a risk of the musculoskeletal disorders, which may be induced by a repetitive washing work, may be reduced through using the washing machine designed ergonomically and newly. Also, it is thought that if our ergonomic design can be applied for improvement of working environment in lifting and laying works conducted repeatedly for a treatment work of goods, which have a strong resemblance to the behaviors generated frequently during the washing work, a possibility of occurrence of the musculoskeletal disorders by the lifting and laying works may be reduced highly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.53-63
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to look at the way that speech-to-text (STT) services are used at present, and to explore measures to institutionalize such services for ease of communication for the hearing impaired. The results of this study show the following: 1) 17.8% of those surveyed had experience of using STT services, with younger individuals showing a higher rate of use; and 2) In terms of organizations providing STT services, social welfare organizations followed by civic groups (18.3%) and public organizations (18.3%). The following institutional measures are needed for STT services. First, STT services should be actively promoted as one of the reasonable conveniences defined in the 'Act on the Prohibition of Discrimination Against Disabled Persons, Remedy Against Infringement of Their Rights, etc.' Second, STT services should be additionally listed as one of the clauses of the 'Act on Welfare of Persons with Disabilities'. In particular, establishing a communication system for those with hearing impairments should serve as a catalyst for integration with sign language interpretation and welfare services. If STT services for face-to-face contacts can be improved or further enhanced using ICT, it will not only open the way for a new influx of disabled workers to join vocational rehabilitation, but also help to improve quality of life for the hearing impaired.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.23-35
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• 2012

The optimum location of the prehistoric sites of Ulsan Metropolitan City are investigated by both quantile and natural breaks methods through GIS, and the settlement pattern is studied based on the possibility of presence of the prehistoric sites which are also analyzed with these methods. Such factors including elevation, slope, distance from the nearest water, aspect, geological features, soil drainage classes, subsoil and land use recommended are employed in the analysis. The optimum geographical environment is the place where it includes the water-base in the area that is the southern aspect of the gentle slope land of lowland. The geology is the Quaternary alluvium. The drainage class is fine and the deep soil saturn is the fine loamy soil and the recommendation of land use is the area that is the field. As a result of the forecast of distribution, the prehistoric sites showed the higher possibility of presence in the downstream region where the Taehwa river and Dongcheon river join because the region come close to the watercourse and the drinking water use is easy. And the aspect and elevation is the low area. The alluvium accumulated from the upper stream of the Taehwa river and Dongheon river was made roomily, the area where is suitable for the farming life. Therefore, this region is judged that the possibility of presence of the prehistoric sites is high.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.87-106
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• 2009

This paper is intended to suggest benchmarking ascension for the Gwangyang Port as a hub for international logistics. Most countries that seek to join. and lead, the global trading system as they work to develop production and logistics systems that establish a reputation for leadership in international logistics. Our focus in this research is on the Gwangyang Port and whether Gwangyang Port is capable of carving out a competitive niche as a hub of international logistics. Our analysis is based on comparison and analysis with benchmark port developments around the world. As proposals to promote and activate Gwangyang Port as a hub for international logistics, we recommended in this paper several benchmarks. First, Gwangyang Port FTZ must strengthen the incentive system for tenant companies and providing an inducement for new global companies. Second, Gwangyang Port needs to moderation of regulation on the investment tenant companies and strengthening one-stop service. Third, it is required to stabilize labor and management relationship and securing of flexibility of labor market. Lastly, Gwangyang Port must strengthen mutual interaction of Free Economic Zone (FEZ), Customs Free Zone(CFZ) and Free trade Zone(FTZ) in Korea.