• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.57-82
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• 2012

The purpose of the study is to suggest the measure for the improvement of job satisfaction and level of empowerment of sanatoriums' social workers by analyzing factors of empowerments' effect on the job satisfaction, and investigating level of empowerment and job satisfaction of social workers of sanatoriums for the elderly and the handicapped. The result of investigation and analysis on subjects of 420 social workers of sanatoriums for the elderly and the handicapped in Youngnam area for this is as follows: First, job characteristic that is empowerments' influence factor of sanatoriums' social workers is appeared in order of feedback, and function variety, and in organization characteristic is appeared in order of leadership, reward, and employee development. Second, level of empowerment that is recognized by sanatoriums' social workers is appeared a little higher than normal level and significance is appeared highest, and next are capability, self-determination ability, and influence. Third, features that showed significant difference with significance in general characteristic of sanatoriums' social workers were 'sex', 'marital status', and 'religion', and features that showed significant difference with capability were sex, age, marital status, academic background, and employment history. And features that showed significant difference with self-determination ability were sex, age, marital status, and employment history, and features that showed significant difference with influence were sex, age, employment history and types of facilities. Fourth, the whole average of job satisfaction of sanatoriums' social workers was 3.82 out of 5, which is generally high, features that showed significant difference statistically were age, marital status, academic background, employment history, and types of facilities. Thus, job satisfaction was appeared as high as 'more than age of thirty' in age, 'married' in marital status, 'under graduates of colleges' in academic background, and 'less than three years' in employment history. Fifth, as for factors that had influence on job satisfaction, the indirect effect with empowerment was appeared that had significant effect in organization characteristic, and had few effect in organization features. On these results, practical measures to increase job satisfaction of sanatoriums' social workers are as follows: First, political approach is required to standardize duty system(by various types of facilities and clients' characteristic) of social workers of sanatoriums for elderly and the handicapped, and help to do the role as professionals with giving better treatment and building self-respect by enough reward. Second, to suggest chances to perform the responsibility for the duty of the scenes by the regular supervision, establish regular supervision system of social workers of sanatoriums for the elderly and the handicapped, and the extension of duty to increase the functional varieties. Third, it is required to motivate to have self confidence for the work and to use potential ability with transforming leadership, and to have more chances of education for the self-development. To increase job satisfaction of sanatoriums' social workers who give direct services in sanatoriums for the elderly and the handicapped, more active and positive empowerment's level improvement is in need by improvement of empowerment for them.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.25-52
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• 2004

The work history of the workers injured in industrial accidents was recomposed by combining the database on compensation for industrial accidents with the database on employment insurance among those who were newly classified as disabled during the period from 1998 to 2000. It shows that the injured workers mainly returned to the original workplaces, and such workers had higher job retention rate. It is in contrast with the higher separation rate of the workers who started to work at the new workplace after medical recuperation. And it is found that 61% left or lost their jobs out of the injured workers who returned to work, and 77% of the job separators had job tenure less than one year. The analysis based on competing risks model shows that the workers at the smaller workplace have the shorter the employment duration, and the longer job-searching period has the negative effect on the employment duration of the job losers. In addition, the longer employment duration at the first job after medical recuperation is more effective on the reemployment and job stability after separation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.113-123
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• 2008

Objectives: Obesity is chronic condition which can severely influence health. People with a high percentage of body fat (%BF) have high prevalence of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Abdominal obesity (AO) seems to play a major role in the development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. This study investigated the %BF and AO of workers in the automobile manufacturing industry. Methods: The subjects were categorized by sex, age, job class, drinking history and smoking history. %BF and AO were measured by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (Jawon Medical, Seoul, Korea). We analyzed the relationship between age, sex, job class, drinking history, smoking history and %BF and WHR into frequencies, $X^2$-test using the SPSS Ver. 12.0. Results: Regarding the relationship between sex and %BF, AO, there was statistically significant difference as men had a significant higher level of %BF and AO than women. There was a positive correlation between age and both %BF and AO. Workers in their 40s especially ran level of AO up. In job class, office workers were apt to have a higherlevel of %BF and AO than production line workers. %BF and AO of the non-drinker group showed a lower level than the drinker group. On the other hand, the ex-smoker group had higher levels of %BF and AO than the non-smoker or current-smoker groups. Conclusions: The above results showed that men, the advanced in years, office workers, drinkers and ex-smokers had high levels of %BF and AO.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2002

Objectives: This study was conducted to find out risk factors related to elderly hip fracture, so that the result could provide basic data to establish prevention programs for hip fracture among the elderly. Methods: The data were collected from 199 cases hospitalized in 4 university hospitals in Pusan from January, 1996 to December, 1998, 193 healthy controls who visited elderly facilities in Pusan. The data were obtained from medical records and by using questionnaires through telephone contact or direct personal interview with the subjects or their family, and were analyzed for 2-test and multiple logistic regression. The risk factors were shown with odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. Results: In univariate analysis, the odds ratio of hip fracture risk was estimated to be 1.9 for the elderly aged 75 years as compare with those aging less than 65 years; 42 for those with job as compared with those without job; 3.3 for those with more than 6 children as compared with those with one or two children. For the variables related to physical characteristics, small height (p=0.015), light weight (p=0.000), and low BMI (p=0.014) were risk factors for elderly hip fracture. Sane variables related to health, such as previous history of illness (OR=3.3.), abnormal blood pressure (OR=1.6), previous fracture history (OR=22), lower limbs weakness (OR=12.1) and gait disturbance (OR=42.6), were significantly associated with the risk of hip fracture. In multiple logistic regression, risk factors for hip fracture were age, having job, lower limb weakness and previous history of illness. The adjusted odds ratios of hip fracture risk among the elderly were age (OR=1.1), having jobs (OR=11.7), weak lower limb (OR=10.8) and previous history of illnesses (OR=3.3), respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that the plan for improving the daily living environment for the elderly systematically should be implemented to avoid the chances of fall, and that programs encouraging to practice regular exercise for physical activity and to promote health of the elderly should be developed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.760-763
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• 2004

This work presents OLP system made independently in HSD for sub-assembly welding robot system set already and assembly welding robot system developed lately on the low speed diesel engines. This paper focuses on the DB module and the job creation based upon it. Also, It contains the welding history DB that saves the information of jobs executed after welding.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.129-141
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• 2003

Much has been said in the 21st century about advanced information society following industrial society, so information appeared obviously. Based on the development of digital network due to such highly developed information, foresee a new phenomenon in anthropology. The new phenomenon is urban nomad such jobnomad who may change the culture of settlement with a long history into the culture of nomad. This study was to analyze the culture and fashion style of job nomad who may be a trend of fashion in the future. The results of this study are as follows Firstly, the features of job nomad are new communication technology and information technology called new media. And key words for job nomad are non-possession and professionalism and their feature in labor is one(1) person project. Secondly, job nomad to be a trend of future fashion is seeking wearable electric machine - wearable computer fashion. Thirdly, Zen style fashion reflecting Zen idea has such features as naturalism. indeterminism, equalitarianism, and moderation. Those features coincide with the tendency of job nomad who may lead the culture of fashion in the 21st century and do with human being's life style in the 21st century. Expect that job nomad appears newly in social and cultural phenomenon through this study can be developed toward a new and sensible fashion.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.169-180
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of stress and job satisfaction and the relationship of stress and job satisfaction of oriental hospital nurses. The subjects were 255 nurses of 9 oriental hospital in Taegu and Pusan cities and data were collected from 20 March to 10 May 1998. The instruments used for this study were a survey of genernal characteristics(7 items). stress(6 items) and job satisfaction(20 items). Analysis of data was done by use of mean, percentage, t-test, ANOVA and pearson correlation with SPSS program. The results of this study are as follows : 1) The average item score for stress was 3.08. Religion, duration of nurse expectancy and work motivation among sociodemographic characteristics were significantly different with the degree of stress. 2) The average item score for job satisfaction was 2.84. Education, religion, marital state, carrier history, duration of nurse expectancy and work motivation among sociodemographic characteristics were significantly different with the degree of job satisfaction. 3) There were significant negative correlation among the variables : working volume and group conflict factors · role implementation fators${\cdot}$personal socialization fators/nursing skill and role implementation fatal's· personal socialization fators/rolesharing with peers and role implementation fators/relationship with co-workers and group conflict factors${\cdot}$role implementation fators${\cdot}$personal socialization fators/relationship with patients and role implementation fators/relationship with supervisors and role implementation fators. And there was a significant positive correlation between role-sharing with peers and decision-making fators.

• Journal of East-Asian Urban History
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.65-85
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• 2020

Examining how the CCP operated social services in Shanghai neighborhood[linong] in early 1950s, this article reveals the hidden relation between social service and rectification of neighborhood organizations in 1954. One of the main purpose of 1954 rectification was to guarantee provision of grassroots level of the city by recruiting local cadres, the implementers of social services. Though series of social service, such as night patrol, cleaning and public charity were indispensable for residents' life and welfare(fuli)[福利] of neighborhood, the social services was the something most of the Shanghai residents were reluctant to do. The result was the shortage of human resource for social service, triggering the "nominal position(gua ming)[掛名] " phenomenon. During political rectification of neighborhood organizations in 1954 Shanghai Municipal government tried to solve this 'decline of human resource in social services' problem by attracting the unemployed to the position of basic level cadre. To be specific, it demanded jobless person in neighborhood to be registered in time if they want a job placement. And it used that registration as the nominee of cadre in re-election process of the rectification campaign. The government measures were closely related to Shanghai people's inclination to rely on party-state when they try to get a job. Hence political rectification in neighborhood organizations become the strategic tool of city governance to mobilize residents in operating social services. So this article suggests that the CCP's urban governance was a complex and nuanced process to induce urban residents' interest and voluntarism beyond the suppression-oriented totalitarian perspective.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 2016

Background: Workplace violence was recognized to be social problems that might impact the health status and the job satisfaction of employee in hospitals. This study investigated the current status of violence and job stress among hospital employees working at administration and discharging department. Methods: The study subjects were 213 administrative employees working at 20 general hospitals. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire that included information such as demographics, job-related characteristics, experience of violence, and job stress. The violence was classified as verbal violence, physical threat, and physical violence occurred by patients and caregivers. Analysis of variance, t-tests, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to examine the associated factors with job stress. Results: The levels of verbal violence, physical threat, and physical violence were $1.64{\pm}1.08$, $0.54{\pm}0.67$, and $0.04{\pm}0.17$, respectively. The score of job stress was $2.74{\pm}0.50$ and it was associated with age, existence of spouse, drinking frequency, subjective health status, disease history, night-time treatment, and public health administration career in simple analysis. In multiple linear regression analysis, the level of verbal violence experience was significantly associated with job stress (B=0.09, p=0.001). Also physical threats (B=0.18, p<0.001) and physical violence (B=0.48, p=0.008) showed positive association with job stress. Conclusion: This study attempted to examine the association between experience of violence and job stress in administrative employees at medical institutions. Levels of violence showed positive correlation with the job stress. Environment improvement to protect employee from violence and management of employees who experienced workplace violence are needed to reduce the job stress.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.23-29
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• 2000

The nondestructive tests(NDT) are widely applied at various industrial job sites to detect defects and flaws early and thus to diagnose the quality and integrity of components, structures and systems. This paper discusses the R&MD history of various nondestructive testing techniques, their applications and many technical as well as safety issues identified, particularly in the performance of radiography. Also discussed are the principles of inspection methods and NDT qualifications that should be applied at the industrial job sites. As a result, this paper provides suggestions for improvement in Government programs to promote th NDT industry, for more systematic operation through a direct with the owner, and also for improvement in working conditions for NDT workers.