• 한국패류학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2014

In the present study, we surveyed the molluscan fauna in a lagoon located near Seong-san harbor on the east coast of Jeju Island in July 2012. For the survey, a $25{\times}25cm$ quadrat was deployed over 3 randomly selected sites in the intertidal area of the lagoon. Sediment from the surface to a depth of 25 cm in the quadrat was removed and sieved using a 1 mm mesh sieve. All molluscan fauna retained on the sieve was identified to the species level. From the survey, 25 species of mollusca belonging to 2 orders and 16 families were identified. Species richness, in terms of total number of species, was found to be the highest at sampling site 1, where the substrate was composed of coarse sand and some rocks, while it was lowest at sampling site 3, composed of compact fine sand. Regardless of the type of substrate at the sampling sites, the mud-creeping snail Batillaria cumingii (Crosse, 1862) occurred at a high density, ranging from $324-468ind./m^2$. The luciniid bivalve Pillucina pisidium also occurred at a high density at sampling site 1, at $336ind./m^2$, while the density of this species was only $4ind./m^2$ at sampling site 3. The Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum could be found at all 3 sampling sites with very low density ranging from $16-48ind./m^2$. The density and species richness of molluscs observed in this study was lower compared to the previously reported molluscan fauna in Jeju Island, suggesting that further investigation needs to be carried out to conserve the unique marine lagoon ecosystem in Jeju Island.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.372-382
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• 2006

기존 방파제의 대부분은 항내외 흐름을 차단시키는 불투과성 방파제로서 항내의 수질오염을 심화시키고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 최근에 여러 형식의 해수교환방파제가 제안되고 있다. 해수 교환 방파제의 형식에는 흐름을 이용한 조류제, 파랑을 이용한 월류제 등이 있다. 이 중에서 파랑에너지에 의한 해수교환 형식은 항내로 월파되는 월파량의 계산시 적절한 유량계수의 산정을 필요로 한다. 본 연구는 적절한 유량계수의 도입을 통해서 정량적인 월파량을 계산하고, 월류식 해수교환방파제의 해수교환 효과를 검토한 것이다. 파량의 계산은 정상상태의 하천에서 월류제를 넘어가는 월류량을 산정하는데 사용되고 있는 Forchheimer의 식을 시간의존 완경사방정식에 적용하여 가능하도록 하였다. 이 때 가장 중요한 매개변수인 유량계수는 수리모형실험으로 추정하였다. 이와 같은 방법을 제주외항 서방파제의 해수교환 구간에 적용하고 해수교환 성능을 검토해 보았다. 평상 파랑 조건이 파고 3.7 m, 주기 8.5 s, NNW방향일 때, 항내로 공급되는 월파량은 $27.5m^3/s$로 산정 되었다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2017

A nearshore current or a wave-induced current is an important phenomenon in a nearshore zone, which is composed of longshore, cross-shore, and rip currents. The nearshore current is closely related to the occurrence of coastal accidents by beachgoers. A considerable number of coastal accidents by beachgoers involving the rip current have been reported at Jungmun Beach. However, in studies and observations of the nearshore current of Jungmun Beach, understanding of the rip current pattern remains unclear. In this study, a scientific approach is taken to understand the nearshore current and the rip current patterns at Jungmun Beach by numerical computation for year of 2015. From results of numerical computation, the occurrence and spatial characteristics of the rip current, and the similarities between the rip current and incident wave conditions are analyzed. The primary results of this study reveal that the rip currents are frequently generated at Jungmun Beach, especially in the western parts of the beach, and that the rip currents often occur with a wave breaking height of around 0.5 ~ 0.7 m, a wave period of around 6 ~ 8 seconds, and a breaking angle of around 0 ~ 15 degrees.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.530-537
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• 2019

Fuji, a major apple cultivar in Korea, is susceptible to white rot. Apple white rot disease appears on the stem and fruit; the development of which deteriorates fruit quality, resulting in decreases in farmers' income. Thus, it is necessary to characterize molecular markers related to apple white rot resistance. In this study, we screened for differentially expressed genes between uninfected apple fruits and those infected with Botryosphaeria dothidea, the fungal pathogen that causes white rot. Antimicrobial tests suggest that a gene expression involved in the synthesis of the substance inhibiting the growth of B. dothidea in apples was induced by pathogen infection. We identified seven transcripts induced by the infection. The seven transcripts were homologous to genes encoding a flavonoid glucosyltransferase, a metallothionein-like protein, a senescence-induced protein, a chitinase, a wound-induced protein, and proteins of unknown function. These genes have functions related to responses to environmental stresses, including pathogen infections. Our results can be useful for the development of molecular markers for early detection of the disease or for use in breeding white rotresistant cultivars.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제25권spc3호
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• pp.361-371
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• 2003

The effect of bottom friction on the steady wind-driven circulation in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea (YSECS) has been studied using a two-dimensional numerical model with and without tidal forcing. Upwind flow experiment in YSECS has also been carried out with a schematic time variation in the wind field. The surface water setup and circulation pattern due to steady wind forcing are found to be very sensitive to the bottom friction. When the effects of tidal currents are neglected, the overall current velocities are overestimated and eddies of various sizes appear, upwind flow is formed within the deep trough of the Yellow Sea, forming a part of the topographic gyre on the side of Korea. When tidal forcing is taken into account, the wind-induced surface elevations are smoothed out due to the strong tide-induced bottom friction, which is aligned almost normal to the wind stresses; weak upwind flow is farmed in the deep trough of the Yellow Sea, west and south of Jeju. Calculation with wind forcing only through a parameterized linear bottom friction produces almost same results from the calculation with $M_2$ tidal forcing and wind forcing using a quadratic bottom friction, supporting Hunter (1975)'s linearization of bottom friction which includes the effect of tidal current, can be applied to the simulation of wind-driven circulation in YSECS. The results show that steady wind forcing is not a dominant factor to the winter-time upwind flow in YSECS. Upwind flow experiment which considers the relaxation of pressure gradient (Huesh et al. 1986) shows that 1) a downwind flow is dominant over the whole YSECS when the northerly wind reaches a maximum speed; 2) a trend of upwind flow near the trough is found during relaxation when the wind abates; 3) a northward flow dominates over the YSECS after the wind stops. The results also show that the upwind flow in the trough of Yellow Sea is forced by a wind-induced longitudinal surface elevation gradient.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.760-769
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• 2023

태풍 매미 통과 시에 부산연안에서 폭풍해일고를 해석하기 위한 수치실험을 수행하였다. 태풍 매미는 2003년 9월 12일 21:00에 중심기압 950hPa로 우리나라 남해안에 상륙하였으며, 지난 수십년 간에 걸쳐 최악의 해안재해로 기록되었다. 태풍 매미 통과시 부산항, 여수항, 통영항, 마산항, 제주항 및 서귀포항에서 관측된 폭풍해일고와 계산된 해일고의 시계열을 비교하였으며, 계산결과와 관측결과는 잘 일치하였다. 태풍해일고는 마산항에서 약 230 cm로 가장 크게 나타났으며, 여수항과 통영항에서는 약 200 cm, 부산항에서는 약 75 cm로 나타났다. 폭풍해일 수치실험결과, 부산 동부 연안에서 해일고는 52~55 cm 범위이고, 외해로 갈수록 해일고는 감소하였다. 따라서 반폐쇄된 만에서는 해일고의 상승으로 인한 연안 침수범람 피해가 크게 발생할 것으로 사료되며, 본 수치실험결과는 태풍으로 인한 연안재해 저감을 위한 중요한 자료로 사용될 수 있다.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 1983

1979年 12月부터 1981年 6月까지 濟州와 木浦, 濟州와 莞島 間을 運航하 는 定 期 旅客船을 理容하여 月別로 收集된 表面 水溫資料를 分析한 缺課는 다음과 같다. 1. 同系 및 春季에 濟州 海峽內에 溫流가 流入하여 楸子島와 靑山島를 잇는 線까지 그 影響을 미치지만, 그 主流部는 濟州道 沿岸으로부터 12海里 이내에 있다. 이 暖流는 주로 동 海峽내의 서쪽에서 流入되나 季節에 따라서는 變할 可能性도 있다. 2. 南海岸 沿岸水는 靑山島, 浦吉島, 橫干島, 北쪽 6海里(Sta. 8)를 잇는 線의 北쪽 沿岸 域에 定되지만 冬季 2月頃에는 그 範圍가 楸子島 附近까지 南下하는 境遇도 있다. 3. 楸子島와 靑山島 附近에는 水溫全線이 自主 나타난다. 4. 楸子島와 獐水島를 잇는 線 以北의 沿岸 域에는 夏季 低溫水가 出現하며, 이 低溫水는 外海쪽의 低層 低溫水의 供給 및 潮流에 의한 强制 鉛直混合과 깊은 關係가 있는 것 같다. 5. 春季 및 夏季에 局地的인 冷水가 자주 出現하는 곳은 楸子島, 密賣島, 鳴洋島, 浦吉島 등의 섬 附近과 濟州港의 周邊이다. 6 年中 濟州 海峽쪽이 沿岸域보다 水溫이 높으며 그 差가 가장 큰 時期는 冬季 이고 調査기간중 그 差는 約 8-9$^{\circ}C$였다. 7. 年較差는 濟州 海峽이 沿岸域보다 작고 調査 基幹 中 前者는 12-14$^{\circ}C$, 後者는 16-2$0^{\circ}C$이다. 最高 水溫은 9月에 出現했으나 最低 水溫은 海域에 따라 그 出現 時期가 달랐다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2009

In this study it will be discussed how to solve the problem of discomfort from rolling motion on the small fishing boats. Up to now, the equipments of reducing rolling system can be examined by various case, but difficult to apply small vessel by function, space and costly establishment. A way of improving the feeling of getting on a boat through the equipped sail at stern edge of bulwark top was researched and developed. The author has tested the sailing performance of the experimental skiff boat, from the signals obtained by the inclinometer in irregular waves and compared with the results got in sail on and off mode operation for 10 minutes duration at the conditions of stop and underway. These data has been analyzed in the application statistical methods. Eventually we summarize the analyzed results obtained from the vessel while stationary and underway for two cases, the vessel with a sail and the vessel without a sail. The field test was done in Jeju outer harbor. The ratio of the motion responses at resonance for the sail with and without cases indicate that under given conditions the motion was reduced by the efficiency of diminution is 4.726%, 2.792% in the stopping and 11.663%, 3.282% in the underway and mean rolling periods are 2.158, 2.142, 2.421, 2.412sec. and 1.968, 1.963, 2.089, 2.051sec. respectively. Consequently the efficiency of diminution was higher when the ship is underway and rolling periods got longer in the equipped sail.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2012

이 연구에서는 바지락 (Ruditapes philippinarum) 의 번식량 및 유생발생을 관찰하였으며, 이를 위하여 수정란 및 유생을 21일 간 실내사육수조를 이용하여 배양하였다. 바지락은 2011년 8월 제주시 김녕에서 채집 실험 수조로 옮겨졌으며, 다음날 자연적인 방란 방정이 관측되었다. 바지락 수정란은 19시간의 배 발생과정을 거쳐 21일 후 포복피면자유생(pediveliger) 으로 발달하였다. 조직학적 방법을 이용하여 바지락의 생식소를 관찰한 결과, 방란, 방정 전 모든 개체는 성적으로 완숙한 상태였고, 산란 후 모든 개체에서 부분산란이 관찰되었다. 효소면역학적 방법 (ELISA) 에 의한 번식량 측정 결과, 암컷 바지락의 생식소 지수는 (GSI) 산란 전 28.6%에서 산란 후 17.3%로 11.3% 감소하였으며, 추정된 포란수는 6,998,658 eggs였다. 이 연구서 광학현미경 및 전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰된 바지락 유생 발달 및 번식량은 향후 바지락 인공종묘 산업 및 바지락 자원관리에 있어 중요한 자료로 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.269-278
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• 2023

Antibiotics either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. However, antibiotic-resistant bacteria are difficult to treat with antibiotics. Infections caused by such bacteria often lead to severe diseases. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) can be horizontally transmitted across different bacterial species, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of how ARGs spread across various environments. In this study, we analyzed the plasmid sequences of 33 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from pigs, farms, and their owners. We conducted an antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) with aztreonam and seven other antibiotics, as well as whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the strains using MinION. Our results demonstrated that the plasmids that did not harbor ARGs were mostly non-conjugative, whereas the plasmids that harbored ARGs were conjugative. The arrangement of these ARGs exhibited a pattern of organization featuring a series of ARG cassettes, some of which were identical across the isolates collected from different sources. Therefore, this study suggests that the sets of ARG cassettes on plasmids were mostly shared between pigs and their owners. Hence, enhanced surveillance of ARG should be implemented in farm environments to proactively mitigate the risk of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.