• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.183-196
• /
• 2022

Public transportation accessibility has been evaluated through minimum level of service for public transportation. However it is evaluated based operators rather than users. This study analyzed the users' accessibility(first-mile, last-mile) to public transportation using altteul transport card data. As a result of user's accessibility of public transportation, rural areas was lower than that in the urban areas. This study calssified type 1 and 2 based average approach time, and average approach time of Type 1 and 2 were more than average approach time of total area. We propsed an efficient introduction of autonomous public transportation on-demand service using delphi survey. As a result of delphi survey, experts agreed on 9 items regarding function, service item, route operation, approach distance, route mileage, punctuality.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.193-202
• /
• 2022

The recurrent neural network (RNN) algorithm has been widely used in water-related research areas, such as water level predictions and water quality predictions, due to its excellent time series learning capabilities. However, studies on water quality predictions using RNN algorithms are limited because of the scarcity of water quality data. Therefore, most previous studies related to water quality predictions were based on monthly predictions. In this study, the quality of the water in a reservoir in Nonsan, Chungcheongnam-do Republic of Korea was predicted using the RNN-LSTM algorithm. The study was conducted after constructing data that could then be, linearly interpolated as daily data. In this study, we attempt to predict the water quality on the 7th, 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th days instead of making daily predictions of water quality factors. For daily predictions, linear interpolated daily water quality data and daily weather data (rainfall, average temperature, and average wind speed) were used. The results of predicting water quality concentrations (chemical oxygen demand [COD], dissolved oxygen [DO], suspended solid [SS], total nitrogen [T-N], total phosphorus [TP]) through the LSTM algorithm indicated that the predictive value was high on the 7th and 15th days. In the 30th day predictions, the COD and DO items showed R² that exceeded 0.6 at all points, whereas the SS, T-N, and T-P items showed differences depending on the factor being assessed. In the 45th day predictions, it was found that the accuracy of all water quality predictions except for the DO item was sharply lowered.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.43-53
• /
• 2022

Background: It is suggested that the decline in functional level due to aging influences the increase in traffic accidents among elderly drivers. Among the functions related to the driving behavior of older drivers, physical function is related to muscle strength and motor control, and aging causes deterioration of motor control and a defect in motor output variability. Method: Data Search The online databases used for literature search are PubMed, ProQuest(PML), NDSL, and literature searches were conducted from April 19 to April 26, 2022. For the search, 'aging', 'driving', and 'braking' were used in the investigation. Results: The physical functions related to the braking ability of elderly drivers were analyzed in muscle strength, reaction ability, motor control, and other related factors. In terms of muscle strength, 3 studies analyzed the above factors. 8 studies analyzed the above factors for response ability. For motor control, two studies analyzed the above factors. In addition, related factors were analyzed in one piece. Conclusion: As a result of the analysis, physical function for reaction ability showed the highest frequency, followed by the strength item with the highest frequency. This study suggests that factors that can increase physical function must be included in the development of a rehabilitation program for the driving ability of the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.141-149
• /
• 2023

Objectives: Most developmental screening tests have been built as parent-performed questionnaires. However, they often do not guide parents on how to answer the questionnaire. This study aimed to develop easily applicable parent guidelines. Methods: We implemented the Delphi procedure with 20 panelists. The development of the initial questionnaire was based on the results of two surveys of parents and experts provided by a policy research report that investigated the item adequacy of the Korean Developmental Screening Test. Round one included 33 items comprising all possible measurements in six categories that were identified as difficult to understand or confusing. Round two merged and modified some items and included 32 items. We defined consensus as a median agreement value of one or less and convergence and stability values of 0.5 or less. The subjective usefulness of the parent guidelines was examined based on their previous test experiences. Results: Consensus was reached after the second round, reflecting the items with the highest level of accuracy in each category. Of the 167 parents who participated in the survey, 113 (67.7%) affirmed the usefulness of the guidelines, while 10 (6.0%) answered that they were not useful. Items that recommended a different scoring strategy in answering the questionnaire from their previous measurements were found to be more useful by the parents. Conclusion: The parent guidelines, composed of five bullet points, drew on the consensus of the experts. Further studies are required to assess whether these guidelines improve the accuracy of screening tests in clinical settings.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.297-306
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale for measuring obsessive compulsive and to verify structural validity from students participating in physical education class. The procedure for this purpose was firstly conducted through an open questionnaire, followed by item search and appropriateness assessment, then analyzing the reliability of the final version based on the preliminary criterion and checking the construct validity. After analyzing the factors of the criticism, We collected the data and analyzed the items and the factors from 387 respondents. The subjects were social obsession (4 items), psychological obsession (3 items) and physical obsession (3 items) The final determinant of the 10 factors was completed. We conducted A multivariate analysis on the determinants of gender and class satisfaction to confirm the external relationship review. The reliability of the scale developed in this study showed not only a high level of confidence from .856 to .907, but also reasonized and proved to be an obsessional scale for physical education for the promotion of life care. These measures can be used as a data for measuring physical education compulsion in class.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.129-134
• /
• 2019

Background and Objectives: Sine a self-reported questionnaire for hearing-impaired listeners is not available by Malay language yet, it is important to develop or translate any available existing questionnaires. The aim of this study was to translate, adapt and validate the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adult (HHIA) to be used by the audiologist among the hearing-impaired population in Malaysia. Subjects and Methods: The HHIAs was translated to Malay language using forward-backward translation techniques by four-panellists (two for each level). The translated HHIA was then reconciled and harmonized for cultural aspects and content of the questionnaire by the researchers and two expert panels before being pilot-tested among 10 hearing-impaired patients. Questionnaire validation was conducted among 80 adults with a hearing loss to calculate for Cronbach's α (internal reliability), Spearman's correlation (inter-item correlation) and factor analysis. Results: None of the translated items were removed from the scale. The overall Cronbach's α was 0.964; 0.927 and 0.934 for both social and emotional subscales, respectively. The factor analysis (force-concept inventory) demonstrated a two-structure with a strong correlation between all items in either component 1 or 2, that resembled the original scale. The Mann-Whitney test revealed significantly higher scores for those adults with a hearing loss than those adults with normal hearing. Conclusions: The Malay HHIA has been successfully translated and validated for the purpose of determining the psychosocial aspects of adults with hearing loss in the local population.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2009

The meaning of Database in order to manage the data which is huge in the meeting of the record which logically had become the fire tube or file 'efficiently' is widely used from the place which controls a many double meaning data. Like this data base it creates, it manages, the programs which send an answer back according to demand of the user as DBMS it calls. Like this it will be able to grasp the quality level of the data base software product which is important index from the research which index it buys it defined. Also, in order to produce the result of index it selects the collection item which is necessary and collection and analysis it leads and what kind of defect types occur substantially mainly, and it confirmed and the test and evaluation model in about data base software and a tentative instance it developed it analyzed.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.129-134
• /
• 2019

Background and Objectives: Sine a self-reported questionnaire for hearing-impaired listeners is not available by Malay language yet, it is important to develop or translate any available existing questionnaires. The aim of this study was to translate, adapt and validate the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adult (HHIA) to be used by the audiologist among the hearing-impaired population in Malaysia. Subjects and Methods: The HHIAs was translated to Malay language using forward-backward translation techniques by four-panellists (two for each level). The translated HHIA was then reconciled and harmonized for cultural aspects and content of the questionnaire by the researchers and two expert panels before being pilot-tested among 10 hearing-impaired patients. Questionnaire validation was conducted among 80 adults with a hearing loss to calculate for Cronbach's α (internal reliability), Spearman's correlation (inter-item correlation) and factor analysis. Results: None of the translated items were removed from the scale. The overall Cronbach's α was 0.964; 0.927 and 0.934 for both social and emotional subscales, respectively. The factor analysis (force-concept inventory) demonstrated a two-structure with a strong correlation between all items in either component 1 or 2, that resembled the original scale. The Mann-Whitney test revealed significantly higher scores for those adults with a hearing loss than those adults with normal hearing. Conclusions: The Malay HHIA has been successfully translated and validated for the purpose of determining the psychosocial aspects of adults with hearing loss in the local population.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2023

This paper reports on three Delphi surveys based on draft evaluation items with the aim of deriving evaluation items prior to developing a BF certification index for school facilities in order to make the index safe and convenient. To this end, problems were formulated using content analysis and follow-up evaluation of existing BF certification indicators. Draft BF certification evaluation items for school facilities were proposed. The adequacy of each evaluation item was verified using a Delphi survey. Experts and working-level groups, such as university professors, architects, public officials, certification agencies, and organizations for disabled persons, provided feedback for all evaluation items for school facility BF, which was incorporated in the final evaluation items. As a result of the Delphi surveys, in addition to the existing 8 evaluation items, a total of 75 evaluation items were proposed as maintenance items, 12 as improvement review items, and 15 as new evaluation items.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.37-47
• /
• 2023

In this study, the main items to be improved were identified with children's foodservice facilities in Anyang area, which have remained at low hygiene management levels for three years from 2019. The grades were divided into the Sprout groups if the previous level of meal hygiene management insufficient, and the Fruit groups if excellent. As a result, there were various items with low scores depending on the grade in facilities and the timing. Throughout the three years, the Sprout group had lower scores of all six areas than the Fruit group, and in particular, the score of 'preservation meals' was the lowest. In conclusion, it is necessary to recognize that meal hygiene management items to be improved are different from each grade in facilities, identify items to be thoroughly managed in advance, and provide appropriate guidance.