• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.132-136
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• 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of gluten-free diet (GFD) on hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) concentrations among previously immunized pediatric celiac disease (CD) subjects. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated pediatric CD subjects in serological remission who were previously immunized for hepatitis B virus as infants. The temporal relationship between HBsAb concentration, the amount of time on a GFD, and age were evaluated. Results: Overall, 373 CD subjects were analyzed: 156 with HBsAb sampled prior to GFD initiation and 217 after initiation of a GFD and in serological remission. Median age at HBsAb concentration measurement for those before and after GFD initiation was 5.3 years (interquartile range [IQR], 3.1-9.2 years) and 7.6 years (IQR, 5.4-10.9 years), respectively (p<0.001). There was no sex difference between the groups. The median time of HBsAb measurement was 2 months (IQR, 0-5.7 months) before and 12.8 months (IQR, 5.3-30.3 months) after initiation of GFD. The HBsAb concentration was low in 79 (50.6%) and 121 (55.7%) subjects before and after GFD initiation, respectively (p=0.350). Age was inversely associated with low HBsAb concentrations. Neither being on a GFD nor sex was associated with low HBsAb concentrations. Conclusion: Adherence to a GFD does not affect HBsAb concentration in children with CD. Age is inversely associated with HBsAb concentration.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.261-265
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• 1999

시안의 만성적 조건에서 이스라엘 잉어의 생존, 섭이 및 성장에 미치는 독성영향을 파악하기 위하여 유수식방법에 의해 6주 동안 실험을 실시하였다. 시안의 만성적 조건하에 노출시킨 이스라엘잉어의 생존율은 시안농도 $151{\mu}$g/$\ell$이상에서 유의한 감소를 나타내었고, 실험종료시 시안농도 151, $289{\mu}$g/$\ell$에서 대조구에 비해 각각 15.2, $24.5\%$가 감소하였다. 섭이율은 시안농도 $151{\mu}$g/$\ell$에서는 3주, $289{\mu}$g/$\ell$에서는 1주 후부터 실험종료까지, 사료효율은 시안농도 $151{\mu}$g/$\ell$이상에서 2주 후부터 실험종료시까지 대조구에 비해 유의한 감소가 인정되었다. 성장률 및 일일성장율은 시안농도 $73{\mu}$g/$\ell$에서 6주 후에, 시안 농도 $151{\mu}$g/$\ell$이상에서는 2주 후부터 실험 종료시가지 유의한 감소를 나타냈다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2012

Intestinal giant-cystic disease (IGCD) of the Israel carp (Cyprinus carpio nudus) has been recognized as one of the most serious diseases afflicting inland farmed fish in the Republic of Korea, and Thelohanellus kitauei has been identified as the causative agent of the disease. Until now, studies concerning IGCD caused by T. kitauei in the Israel carp have been limited to morphological and histopathological examinations. However, these types of diagnostic examinations are relatively time-consuming, and the infection frequently cannot be detected in its early stages. In this study, we cloned the full-length 18S rRNA gene of T. kitauei isolated from diseased Israel carps, and carried out molecular identification by comparing the sequence with those of other myxosporeans. Moreover, conventional PCR and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) using oligonucleotide primers for the amplification of 18S rRNA gene fragment were established for further use as methods for rapid diagnosis of IGCD. Our results demonstrated that both the conventional PCR and real-time quantitative PCR systems applied herein are effective for rapid detection of T. kitauei spores in fish tissues and environmental water.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.535-541
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• 2014

Background Patients having unilateral breast reconstruction often require a second stage procedure on the contralateral breast to improve symmetry. In order to provide immediate symmetry and minimize the frequency and extent of secondary procedures, we began performing simultaneous contralateral balancing operations at the time of initial reconstruction. This study examines the indications, safety, and efficacy of this approach. Methods One-hundred and two consecutive breast reconstructions with simultaneous contralateral balancing procedures were identified. Data included patient age, body mass index (BMI), type of reconstruction and balancing procedure, specimen weight, transfusion requirement, complications and additional surgery under anesthesia. Unpaired t-tests were used to compare BMI, specimen weight and need for non-autologous transfusion. Results Average patient age was 48 years. The majority had autologous tissue-only reconstructions (94%) and the rest prosthesis-based reconstructions (6%). Balancing procedures included reduction mammoplasty (50%), mastopexy (49%), and augmentation mammoplasty (1%). Average BMI was 27 and average reduction specimen was 340 grams. Non-autologous blood transfusion rate was 9%. There was no relationship between BMI or reduction specimen weight and need for transfusion. We performed secondary surgery in 24% of the autologous group and 100% of the prosthesis group. Revision rate for symmetry was 13% in the autologous group and 17% in the prosthesis group. Conclusions Performing balancing at the time of breast reconstruction is safe and most effective in autologous reconstructions, where 87% did not require a second operation for symmetry.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.198-203
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• 2019

Background Professional affiliation between medical centers and professional sports teams can be mutually beneficial in the provision of healthcare and marketing strategy. Anecdotal evidence suggests a link between trauma volume and sporting events; however, there is limited data. This study aims to characterize the incidence of operative hand and facial trauma during professional baseball home games. Methods A retrospective review of surgical cases for traumatic hand or facial injuries at a level 1 center between 1999 and 2012 was performed. Demographic information including date of injury, admission status, and operative repair were collected. Patients were grouped based on whether their trauma occurred on the date of a home game. Results Operative hand and facial trauma occurred at a rate of 33.4 injuries per 100 days with home games, compared to 22.2 injuries per 100 days (incidence rate ratios, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.34-1.69). When home games were played, patients were more likely to present as a result of motorcycle accidents (3.1% vs. 1.5%; P=0.04) or bicycle accidents (5.0% vs. 2.6%; P=0.01). Other mechanisms of trauma were not statistically different. There was an increase incidence of injuries during home games in August; weekly variability showed an increased incidence during the weekends. Conclusions There was an increased rate of operative hand and facial injuries on dates with professional home games. The incidence of injuries during home games was higher in the late summer and on the weekends. Further analysis may allow improved resource allocation and strategies for injury prevention and treatment.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2024

2023년 10월 7일 하마스는 이스라엘 상대로 대규모 기습공격을 감행하며 전쟁이 발발하였다. 이날은 로켓 공급과 더불어 패러라이더, 오토바이 등을 이용하여 다영역으로 이스라엘 영토를 직접 침공하였다. 이스라엘이 하마스의 공격을 허용한 원인이 무엇이고 사전에 전쟁을 억제하지 못했는지를 고찰하는 것은 한반도 안보 상황을 고려시 유의미하다고 하겠다. 억제는 능력과 의지, 의사전달, 신뢰성이 뒷받침되어야 성공할 수 있다. 능력과 의지가 충분하고 그동안 응징적 억제로 의사전달이 충분히 되었지만 이번 전쟁을 억제하지 못한 것은 신뢰성에 문제가 있었다. 우리는 북한의 위협에 대해 억제력을 높이기 위해서는 맞춤형 확장억제력 향상, 한미 양국의 억제 의지 전달, 억제할 능력과 실행력에 대한 신뢰성 제고가 요구된다.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2014

Bioimaging has advanced the field of nanomedicine, drug delivery, and tissue engineering by directly visualizing the dynamic mechanism of diagnostic agents or therapeutic drugs in the body. In particular, wide-field, planar, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has the potential to revolutionize human surgery by providing real-time image guidance to surgeons for target tissues to be resected and vital tissues to be preserved. In this review, we introduce the principles of NIR fluorescence imaging and analyze currently available NIR fluorescence imaging systems with special focus on optical source and packaging. We also introduce the evolution of the FLARE intraoperative imaging technology as an example for image-guided surgery.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.131-142
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• 2003

본 조사 연구에서는 이스라엘과 미국의 육계분 사료 제조 및 이용 현장을 방문하여 전문가 인터뷰 및 실제 확인 조사를 통하여 이들의 경험과 기술 정보를 지면으로 제시하고, 또한 확보한 자료를 우리의 현실과 비교 검토하여 육계분 사료화 기술의 성공적인 현장 적용 및 보급을 위해 필요한 일반 관리 지침과 대 정부 지원 사항들을 제시하였다. 축산 선진국인 이스라엘과 미국에서는 이미 40년 이상 동안 가공 처리한 육계분을 반추가축의 사료 자원으로서 매우 효과적으로 활용함으로서 축산의 경쟁력을 제고하고, 아울러 환경오염을 예방하는 성과를 올리고 있었다. 한국에서는 이의 사료화 기술의 현장 적용 속도가 느린 편이지만 향후 보다 적극적으로 축산 현장에 적용한다면 친환경적인 축산 활동을 영위하면서 아울러 수반되는 상당한 경제적 혜택을 누릴 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2012

We describe the framework of a data-fuelled, interdisciplinary team-led learning system. The idea is to build models using patients from one's own institution whose features are similar to an index patient as regards an outcome of interest, in order to predict the utility of diagnostic tests and interventions, as well as inform prognosis. The Laboratory of Computational Physiology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology developed and maintains MIMIC-II, a public deidentified high- resolution database of patients admitted to Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. It hosts teams of clinicians (nurses, doctors, pharmacists) and scientists (database engineers, modelers, epidemiologists) who translate the day-to-day questions during rounds that have no clear answers in the current medical literature into study designs, perform the modeling and the analysis and publish their findings. The studies fall into the following broad categories: identification and interrogation of practice variation, predictive modeling of clinical outcomes within patient subsets and comparative effectiveness research on diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions. Clinical databases such as MIMIC-II, where recorded health care transactions - clinical decisions linked with patient outcomes - are constantly uploaded, become the centerpiece of a learning system.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.97-110
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• 2023

The coefficient of lateral earth pressure at rest in loose sand during virgin loading, K₀ , and during unloading, K'₀ , have been determined from laterally confined load-unload tests. The tests included measurement of lateral pressure with null pressure gauges, side wall friction with newly designed friction meters and applied pressure and base pressure with load cells. The importance of accounting for side-wall friction when evaluating the distribution of vertical pressure over the height of the soil specimen was demonstrated. Relatively uniform friction was observed during loading, but this was not the case during unloading unless friction reduction measures were employed. While the measured value of K₀ was found to be close to, if slightly higher than the value commonly estimated on the basis of friction angle, φ', the ratio of K'₀ to K₀ was found to reasonably fit an expression of the form K'₀/K₀ = 1 + C·log(OCR), with C equal to 1 in the present tests.