• 제목/요약/키워드: Iron Catalyst

검색결과 149건 처리시간 0.106초

Simultaneous degradation of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds by catalytic wet-peroxidation process using box-behnken design

  • Gosu, Vijayalakshmi;Arora, Shivali;Subbaramaiah, Verraboina
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.488-497
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    • 2020
  • The present study investigates the feasibility of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds (NHCs) (Pyridine-Quinoline) degradation by catalytic wet peroxidation (CWPO) in the presence of nanoscale zerovalent iron supported on granular activated carbon (nFe0/GAC) using statistical optimization technique. Response surface methodology (RSM) in combination with Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the process parameters of CWPO process such as initial pH, catalyst dose, hydrogen peroxide dose, initial concentration of pyridine (Py) and quinolone (Qn) were chosen as the main variables, and total organic carbon (TOC) removal and total Fe leaching were selected as the investigated response. The optimization of process parameters by desirability function showed the ~85% of TOC removal with process condition of initial solution pH 3.5, catalyst dose of 0.55 g/L, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 0.34 mmol, initial concentration of Py 200 mg/L and initial concentration of Qn 200 mg/L. Further, for TOC removal the analysis of variance results of the RSM revealed that all parameter i.e. initial pH, catalyst dose, hydrogen peroxide dose, initial concentration of Py and initial concentration of Qn were highly significant according to the p values (p < 0.05). The quadratic model was found to be the best fit for experimental data. The present study revealed that BBD was reliable and effective for the determination of the optimum conditions for CWPO of NHCs (Py-Qn).

LPG-SCR에 의한 질소산화물 제거 (DeNOx by SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) Using LPG as a Reductant)

  • 김문찬
    • 공업화학
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    • 제23권6호
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    • pp.588-593
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구에서는 LPG (liqufied petroleum gas)를 환원제로 사용하여 질소산화물을 제거하는 SCR (selective catalytic reduction) 반응을 수행하였다. 질소산화물을 제거하기 위하여 HZSM-5 담체위에 Cu와 Fe를 함량을 달리하여 함침 시켜 촉매를 제조하였다. 질소산화물 전환율을 촉매의 종류와 촉매함량, 반응온도를 중심으로 연구하였다. 촉매는 $500^{\circ}C$에서 공기흐름 분위기에서 3 h 동안 소성시켜 제조하였다. Cu는 1~4 wt%, Fe는 0.5~2 wt%가 되게 Si/Al 비가 80인 HZSM-5에 함침 시켰다. 반응실험 결과에 따르면 Cu가 HZSM-5 담체에 3 wt% 담지된 촉매의 전환율이 가장 높았다. 촉매의 특성화를 위하여 XRD, XPS, TPR 분석을 하였다.

Comparison of Bioleaching Kinetics of Spent Catalyst by Adapted and Unadapted Iron & Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria - Effect of Pulp Density; Particle Size; Temperature

  • Pradhan, Debabrata;Kim, Dong-Jin;Ahn, Jong-Gwan;Gahan, Chandra Sekhar;Chung, Hun-Saeng;Lee, Seoung-Won
    • 대한금속재료학회지
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    • 제49권12호
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    • pp.956-966
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    • 2011
  • Bioleaching studies of metals from a spent catalyst were conducted using both adapted and unadapted bacterial cultures. The bacterium used in this experiment was Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. A comparison of the kinetics of leaching was made between the two cultures by varying the leaching parameters, including the pulp density, particle size and temperature. Both cultures showed similar effects with respect to the above parameters, but the leaching rates of all metals were higher with the adapted compared to the unadapted bacterial cultures. The leaching reactions were continued for 240 h in the case of the unadapted bacterial culture, but only for 40 h in the case of the adapted bacterial culture. The leaching reactions followed first order kinetics. In addition, the kinetics of leaching was concluded to be a diffusion control model; therefore, the product layers were impervious.

Effect of Template Existence on the Textural Properties of Iron-based Catalyst for Fischer Tropsch Reaction

  • Sirikulbodee, Papahtsara;Tungkamani, Sabaithip;Phongksorn, Monrudee;Ratana, Tanakorn;Sornchamni, Thana
    • International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.96-104
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    • 2015
  • Fischer Tropsch reaction is one of the interesting topic for renewable and clean energy. Polymerization of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide with hydrogen over metal supported catalyst can produce long chain hydrocarbons. Synthetic liquid hydrocarbons are promising alternative to fossil fuels. This research work has been focused on the synthesis of Fe based catalyst for Fischer Tropsch reaction. Mesoporous silica (MS) support prepared by a precipitation method using two different washing solution, distilled water (DW) and acid in ethanol solution (ET), and different calcination temperature. Then, Fe/MS was prepared by an incipient wetness impregnation method. All of samples were systematically characterized using various physical and chemical techniques. TEM and XRD analysis were used to ensure that the cubic Ia3d mesostructure is stable after calcination. FTIR spectra are useful to ascertain the existence of template in the support. TPR studies were also used to understand the nature of Fe species and their reducibility. The results reveal that washing the support with distilled water and calcination at $550^{\circ}C$ can efficiently remove the triblock copolymer templates. The existence of template in the support affects the textural properties of all catalyst investigated.

한내 석유화학 폐촉매로부터 귀금속의 회수 연구 (Recovery of Precious Metals from Spent Catalyst Generated in Domestic Petrochemical Industry)

  • 김준수;박형규;이후인;김성돈;김철주
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 1994
  • 석유화학산업에서 발생된 폐촉매에는 귀금속계 금속이나 회유금속들이 잔조해 있는데, 이들 유가금속을 회수하는 것은 환경보존과 자원재활용 측면에서 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 백금계 폐촉매로부터 귀금속을 회수하는 연구를 수행하였다. 폐촉매 시료로는 Naphtha로부터 에틸렌을 제조시에 사용했던 알루미나담체 0.3% Pd 폐촉매와, 원유 정제 후 벤젠, 톨루엔, 크실렌 등을 제조시에 사용한 알루미나담체 0.3% Pt/Re 폐촉매를 사용하였다. 시료들은 배소과정을 거쳐서 탄수와 황 등 원유로부터 유입된 가연성 물질들을 제거하고, 분쇄한 다음 6N 염산 및 왕수로 침출하였다. Pd는 Fe분말을 사용한 석출법에 의하여 침출액 중에서 금속 Pd로 회수하였다. Pt/Re 폐촉매 경우에는 염산 및 왕수로 침출 후 Fe 분말을 사용하여 Pt를 먼저 회수한 다음, 여액에 황화나트륨을 첨가하여 Re 황화물로 침전시켜서 Re을 회수하였다. 본 연구에서는 폐촉매 침출시 6N 염산을 침출액으로 사용하여 왕수를 사용한 것과 비슷한 정도의 침출효과를 얻을 수 있었는데, 이것은 침출시 소요비용을 줄이고 폐산처리시에 왕수보다 쉽게 처리할 수 있다는 점에서 공점상 효과적이다.

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알칼리 촉진제 성능 측정의 새로운 전환점: 도입 방식의 단순화를 통한 탐구 (Advancing the Frontier in Alkaline Promoter Performance Evaluation: Exploring Simplified Adoption Methods)

  • 윤원중;이지연;김재훈
    • 청정기술
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.62-67
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    • 2024
  • 본 연구에서는 이산화탄소를 기반으로한 피셔-트롭시 반응에 사용되는 철계 촉매에 알칼리 금속인 Na를 함침 및 물리적 혼합 방식으로 도입하여 각각의 성능을 비교하였다. 제조된 촉매는 3.5 MPa, 330 ℃, H2/CO2 = 3의 가스 조성비에서 공간속도 4,000 mL h-1 gcat-1 조건으로 반응성을 평가하였다. 두 가지 촉매를 비교한 결과 Na를 함침한 경우 Na가 촉매 전체에 균일하게 분산되어 있지만 물리적 방법으로 혼합한 촉매는 상대적으로 표면에 위치하였다. 또한 Na를 함침한 촉매가 더 높은 액체 탄화수소(C5+) 수율과 낮은 CO 선택도를 보였다. 결론적으로 촉매 내의 Na 분포가 반응에 미치는 영향을 파악하였으며 도입 방식을 통해 이를 조절할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

철 촉매를 이용한 Fischer-Tropsch 합성 반응과 수성 가스 전환 반응에 대한 반응 속도 연구 (Kinetic Study of the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis and Water Gas Shift Reactions over a Precipitated Iron Catalyst)

  • 양정일;천동현;박지찬;정헌
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제50권2호
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    • pp.358-364
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    • 2012
  • 철 촉매를 이용한 Fischer-Tropsch 합성 반응과 수성 가스 전환 반응에 대한 반응 메커니즘과 반응 속도식을 5 채널 고정층 반응기를 이용하여 조사하였다. 실험 조건은, 반응물 합성가스 $H_2$/CO 비 0.5~2, 반응물 공급 유량 60~80 ml/min, 반응 온도 $255{\sim}275^{\circ}C$로서 반응 압력은 1.5 MPa을 유지하였다. F-T 합성 반응의 반응 속도식($r_{FT}$)은 반응 속도 결정 단계로서 분자로 흡착된 CO와 기상의 수소 분자와의 반응을 바탕으로 하는 Eley-Rideal 반응 메카니즘을 통해 계산되었고, WGS 반응의 반응 속도식($r_{WGS}$)은 formate 중간체 생성 반응을 반응 속도 결정 단계로 가정하여 결정되었다. 실험 결과, F-T 합성 반응의 반응 속도식과 WGS 반응의 반응 속도식은 각각 탄화수소 생성과 $CO_2$ 생성에 대한 반응 속도 실험값을 잘 모사하였고, 또한 power law에 근거한 CO 전환 반응에 대한 반응 속도식도 실험값과 잘 일치하였다. 이처럼, 각각의 반응 메카니즘을 바탕으로 도출된 반응 속도식($r_{FT}$, $r_{WGS}$, $-r_{CO}$)은 실험값과 여러 가지 기존 문헌에서 보고된 반응 속도식 모델과 잘 일치하였다.

Formation Fe2O3 Nanowalls through Solvent-Assisted Hydrothermal Process and Their Application for Titan Yellow GR Dye Degradation

  • Ahmed, Khalid Abdelazez Mohamed
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제58권2호
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    • pp.205-209
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    • 2014
  • Hematite iron oxide (${\alpha}$-$Fe_2O_3$) nanowalls were fabricated on aluminum substrate by a facile solvent-assisted hydrothermal oxidation process. The XRD and EDS patterns indicate that the sample has a rhombohedral phase of hematite $Fe_2O_3$. FE-SEM, TEM, HR-TEM, SA-ED were employed to characterize the resulting materials. $N_2$ adsorption-desorption isotherms was used to study a BET surface area. Their capability of catalytic degradation of titan yellow GR azo dye with air oxygen in aqueous solution over $Fe_2O_3$ catalysts was studied. The result indicates that the as-prepared product has a high catalytic activity, because it has a larger surface area. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms of adsorption dye on the catalysts surface were investigated and the decomposition of titan yellow GR follows pseudo-first order kinetic.

태양전지모듈용 저철분 투과 유리의 광특성 평가 (The Optical Characteristics of Low Iron Glass for Photovoltaic Module Fabrication)

  • 김경수;강기환;유권종
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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    • pp.1114-1115
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, we study the optical characteristics of low iron glass for photovoltaic modules fabrication. Tow types of glasses are examined by optical transmittance and reflection measurement. Also, by making laminated glass, we analyze the difference between glass maker. Mini-PV module is fabricated to compare optical reflectance through lamination process. Anti-reflection and catalyst-coated glasses are suggested for advanced technology to obtain high electrical generation output. The specific analysis is shown in the following paper.

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금속 분말을 이용한 합금폼 제조 및 특성 (Fabrication and Properties of Alloy Foam Materials using Metal Powders)

  • 최내현;김구환
    • 한국분말재료학회지
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    • 제17권6호
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    • pp.489-493
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    • 2010
  • Nickel-based and iron-based alloys have been developed and commercialized for a wide range of high performance applications at severely corrosive and high temperature environment. This alloy foam has an outstanding performance which is predestinated for diesel particulate filters, heat exchangers, and catalyst support, noise absorbers, battery, fuel cell, and flame distributers in burners in chemical and automotive industry. Production of alloy foam starts from high-tech coating technology and heat treatment of transient liquid-phase sintering in the high temperature. These technology allow for preparation of a wide variety of foam compositions such as Ni, Cr, Al, Fe on various pore size of pure nickel foam or iron foam in order for tailoring material properties to a specific application.