• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.221-231
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• 2015

This paper provides the trend of Internet of Things (IoT) for smart healthcare services and applications. IoT has provided a promising opportunity to build intelligent healthcare system and smart wearable applications by using the growing capability of wireless mobile devices, interactive sensors/actuators, and RFID technologies. For analysis of state-of-art technology of smart healthcare system, this paper includes comparative analysis and investigation of existing standard, network protocol, and devices, etc. In this paper, we examine the market trend of IoT healthcare. In particular, we examine the variety of IoT based healthcare type such as mobile, wearable device. After that, we examine the technologies of IoT healthcare such as standard, sensor, network and security. This survey contributes to better understanding of the challenges in existing IoT healthcare and further new light on future research directions.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.261-269
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• 2023

We propose to design a Holochain-based security and privacy protection system for resource-constrained IoT healthcare systems. Through analysis and performance evaluation, the proposed system confirmed that these characteristics operate effectively in the IoT healthcare environment. The system proposed in this paper consists of four main layers aimed at secure collection, transmission, storage, and processing of important medical data in IoT healthcare environments. The first PERCEPTION layer consists of various IoT devices, such as wearable devices, sensors, and other medical devices. These devices collect patient health data and pass it on to the network layer. The second network connectivity layer assigns an IP address to the collected data and ensures that the data is transmitted reliably over the network. Transmission takes place via standardized protocols, which ensures data reliability and availability. The third distributed cloud layer is a distributed data storage based on Holochain that stores important medical information collected from resource-limited IoT devices. This layer manages data integrity and access control, and allows users to share data securely. Finally, the fourth application layer provides useful information and services to end users, patients and healthcare professionals. The structuring and presentation of data and interaction between applications are managed at this layer. This structure aims to provide security, privacy, and resource efficiency suitable for IoT healthcare systems, in contrast to traditional centralized or blockchain-based systems. We design and propose a Holochain-based security and privacy protection system through a better IoT healthcare system.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2016

사물 인터넷 (Internet of Things : IoT) 환경에서 IoT 디바이스들은 전원이나 메모리 등의 물리적 구성요소들에 의해 제한되며 대역폭, 무선 채널, 처리율, 페이로드 등의 네트워크 성능 또한 제한적임에도 불구하고 타 IoT 디바이스들과 리소스를 공유한다. 특히 IoT 헬스케어 서비스에 있어서 원격 디바이스 정보 관리 뿐만 아니라 원격 환자 정보관리가 매우 중요하며, 더욱이, 사물인터넷 헬스케어 디바이스와 헬스케어 플랫폼간 상호연동성 지원이 매우 중요하다. 이를 위해서는 헬스케어 디바이스와 헬스케어 플랫폼간 데이터 정보 표현, 데이터 전송 표현, 메시지 규격 등이 사물인터넷 환경에 적합한 국제표준 준수가 매우 필요하다. 하지만, 기존의 국제의료정보 전송표준인 ISO/IEEE 11073 PHD (Personal Healthcare Device) 표준에서는 사물인터넷 환경 (네트워크 프로토콜)을 고려하지 않아 사물인터넷 헬스케어 서비스에 적용하기 어렵다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 사물인터넷 표준인 oneM2M과 의료정보 전송표준인 ISO/IEEE 11073 DIM(Domain Information Model)을 적용한 사물인터넷 헬스케어 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 구현을 위해 oneM2M 기반인 OM2M 플랫폼을 활용하였고, 헬스케어 디바이스와 OM2M 플랫폼간 효율적인 전송 구문에 대한 평가를 위해 HTTP와 CoAP간, XML과 JSON간 단일 처리과정의 패킷 사이즈와 전송 패킷 수 등을 성능 분석하였다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 모션인식을 활용한 Human UI/UX를 위한 IoT 기반 스마트헬스 서비스를 제안한다. 현재까지 M2M기반의 u-healthcare에서 적용되는 센서 네트워크에서는 TCP/IP 프로토콜이 아닌 non-IP프로토콜을 이용하고 있다. 그러나 서비스의 이용 확대와 IoT 기반의 센서 네트워크 관리를 용이하게 하기 위해서는 다수의 센서들의 인터넷 연결이 반드시 요구된다. 따라서 센서들에 의하여 측정된 자료들을 인터넷과 통신하는 것은 물론 이동이 가능해야 하기 때문에 네트워크 이동성을 고려한 IoT 기반 스마트헬스 서비스를 설계하였다. 또한 IoT 기반 스마트헬스 서비스는 기존의 헬스케어 플랫폼과는 다르게 바이오 정보뿐만이 아니라 동작감지를 위한 스마트 헬스 서비스를 개발하였다. u-healthcare에서 사용되는 WBAN 통신은 일반적으로 많은 네트워크화된 장치 및 게이트웨이로 구성된다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법은 WBAN 센서 노드간의 이동성을 지원하는 기술을 이용함으로써 무선 환경에서도 동적 변화에 쉽게 대응할 수 있고, 사용자의 동작감지를 통해 체계적인 관리가 이루어진다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.32-42
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• 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is set to transform patient care by enhancing data collection, analysis, and management through medical sensors and wearable devices. However, the convergence of IoT device vulnerabilities and the sensitivity of healthcare data raises significant data integrity and privacy concerns. In response, this research introduces the Smart-Coord system, a practical and affordable solution for securing healthcare IoT. Smart-Coord leverages blockchain technology and coordinate-based access management to fortify healthcare IoT. It employs IPFS for immutable data storage and intelligent Solidity Ethereum contracts for data integrity and confidentiality, creating a hierarchical, AES-CBC-secured data transmission protocol from IoT devices to blockchain repositories. Our technique uses a unique coordinate system to embed confidentiality and integrity regulations into a single access control model, dictating data access and transfer based on subject-object pairings in a coordinate plane. This dual enforcement technique governs and secures the flow of healthcare IoT information. With its implementation on the Matic network, the Smart-Coord system's computational efficiency and cost-effectiveness are unparalleled. Smart-Coord boasts significantly lower transaction costs and data operation processing times than other blockchain networks, making it a practical and affordable solution. Smart-Coord holds the promise of enhancing IoT-based healthcare system security by managing sensitive health data in a scalable, efficient, and secure manner. The Smart-Coord framework heralds a new era in healthcare IoT adoption, expertly managing data integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility to ensure a secure, reliable digital environment for patient data management.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.187-192
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• 2020

IoT 기반 피트니스 헬스케어 시스템을 이용하면 실내외에서 정확한 운동량을 측정하고 언제 어느 곳에서나 스마트폰으로 필요한 운동정보에 대한 푸시메시지를 받을 수 있고 검색이 가능하여 매우 편리하다. 이 시스템은 운동기구에 있는 센싱장치를 포함한 IoT 모듈, IoT 게이트웨이, 스마트폰, 스마트밴드 및 서버 등이 인터넷으로 연동하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 "IoT 기반 피트니스 헬스케어 시스템"의 소프트웨어를 개발하는데 있어 객체지향 분석 방법인 UML을 이용한 소프트웨어 개발 분석 방법과 플로우차트 및 UI 설계 같은 설계 방법을 보여줌으로써 실무 개발에 적합한 분석/설계 방법을 제시하고자 한다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

The current progression in the Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine Learning (ML) based technologies converted the traditional healthcare system into a smart healthcare system. The incorporation of IoT and ML has changed the way of treating patients and offers lots of opportunities in the healthcare domain. In this view, this research article presents a new IoT and ML-based disease diagnosis model for the diagnosis of different diseases. In the proposed model, vital signs are collected via IoT-based smart medical devices, and the analysis is done by using different data mining techniques for detecting the possibility of risk in people's health status. Recommendations are made based on the results generated by different data mining techniques, for high-risk patients, an emergency alert will be generated to healthcare service providers and family members. Implementation of this model is done on Anaconda Jupyter notebook by using different Python libraries in it. The result states that among all data mining techniques, SVM achieved the highest accuracy of 0.897 on the same dataset for classification of Parkinson's disease.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2023

Today's world is experiencing rapid technological advancement like never before. The ever-changing technology space has overwhelmed citizens with a substantial load of information, which has made it difficult for them to keep up with the technology awareness. This review paper is written to provide information about the Internet of Things in a way that technical along with nontechnical individuals can understand the definition, historical evolution, components, and scope of IoT technology. Relevant literature published between January 2009 and February 2023 was included in this paper. The applications of the Internet of Things in healthcare have been a special focus of this paper as IoT has massive potential in this field and healthcare professionals often face significant issues in keeping their technology knowledge up to date. Moreover, some of the most common issues associated with IoT introduction in healthcare are also discussed in the paper along with some suitable recommendations. Although, IoT can significantly transform our lives and can introduce convenience and efficiency, particularly in the healthcare sector. However, its adoption in healthcare is still a major task due to various challenges presented by the health workforce. Thus, in-depth empirical research is suggested to assist the IoT technology transition.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1396-1414
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• 2018

With the proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) healthcare devices, significant interoperability issue arises where devices use proprietary data transfer protocols. The IHE PCD-01 standard has been suggested for the exchange of healthcare data in ISO/IEEE 11073 PHD data model. However, the PCD-01 is not efficient to be used in the IoT environment. This is because the use of SOAP for PCD-01 may be too complex to be implemented in the resource-constrained IoT healthcare devices. In this paper, we have designed a communication system to implement ISO/IEEE 11073 and IHE PCD-01 integration using the IETF CoAP. More specifically, we have designed the architecture and procedures, using CoAP, to seamlessly transmit the bio-signal from the tiny resource-constrained IoT healthcare devices to the server in a standardized way. We have also built the agent, gateway, and PCD-01 interface at the server, all of which are using the CoAP as a communication protocol. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed system, we have used the PCD data to be transmitted over CoAP, MQTT, and HTTP. The evaluation of the system performance shows that the use of CoAP results in faster transaction and lesser cost than other protocols, with less battery power consumption.

• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of recognition, perceived usefulness, and intention to accept the Internet of Things (IoT) in healthcare among nursing students, as well as to determine related factors. Through this study, we wanted to develop the basic research for the education related to the IoT in healthcare. In this study, data were collected from 348 nursing students using self-report online questionnaires, Naverform, and analyzed using the independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficients in SPSS version 26.0. The results of the study show that recognition of the IoT was correlated with its perceived usefulness (r=0.37; p<.001) and intention to accept the IoT (r=0.23 (p<.001). The strongest correlation was found between perceived usefulness of the IoT and intention to accept (r=0.67; p<.001). In conclusion, recognition of the IoT in healthcare affected its perceived usefulness, and a significant correlation was found between perceived usefulness of the IoT and intention to accept it. This study analyzed how much recognition, perceived usefulness, and intention to accept IoT in healthcare nursing students have. Based on these findings, we suggest that education related to the IoT in healthcare should be incorporated into the nursing curriculum.