• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2018

In this paper, we show that there exists an optimal investment policy for the surplus in a risk model, in which the surplus is continuously invested to other business at a constant rate a > 0, whenever the level of the surplus exceeds a given threshold V > 0. We assign, to the risk model, two costs, the penalty per unit time while the level of the surplus being under V > 0 and the opportunity cost per unit time by keeping a unit amount of the surplus. After calculating the long-run average cost per unit time, we show that there exists an optimal investment rate $a^*$>0 which minimizes the long-run average cost per unit time, when the claim amount follows an exponential distribution.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine the financial status of the small business households, and to analyze their investment behaviors according to socio-economic variables like age, income, education, job satisfaction, and region. The size of total sample was 2167 with basis of data analysis of Korean Household Panel Study from Daewoo Economic Research Center. Descriptive Statistics were used to analyze their financial status according to the socio-economic variables. The results showed that small business family's financial status was differentiated according to age, income, job satisfaction, and region. Households' investment on the primary financial institute such as bank was differentiated by income, level of education, and job satisfaction. The amount of investment on secondary financial institute such as mutual fund was differentiated by income, age, and region. The households' investment for insurance was affected by all socio-economic variables except region and not significantly different according to socio-economic variables for stock and bonds. The amount of net-asset for households was affected by the level of education, age, and income and the amount of debt most by age and income. The results of this study was useful to develop the estimation tool for the small business households credit and also provides the basic informations for the financial assistance of those households.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2021

최근 일반 대중을 대상으로 한 콘텐츠 투자 플랫폼 중 하나로 크라우드펀딩 플랫폼이 주목받고 있다. 본 연구는 영화 크라우드펀딩 프로젝트 요인이 크라우드펀딩 달성률에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 크라우드펀딩 플랫폼에 게시된 영화 프로젝트의 주요 정보를 변인화하였다. 텍스트 수, 이미지 수, 스타파워, IP 기반 영화 여부, 영화 제작 단계, 박스오피스 예측, 투자 자금 비율, 투자 가능 여분 금액, 수익 정산 방식, 최소 투자 금액 조건을 독립변인으로 설정하였으며, 이들 변인이 크라우드펀딩 달성률에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 영화 제작 단계, 투자 자금 비율, 투자 가능 여분 금액, 수익 정산 방식이 종속변인에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 탐색적 접근법을 통해 영화 크라우드펀딩 프로젝트의 흥행에 영향을 미치는 변인을 발굴하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 또한, 본 연구의 결과는 영화 크라우드펀딩 프로젝트 기획 시 실무적 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.387-405
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• 2008

Vietnam is gaining much attention as an attractive emerging market that can replace BRICs for the corporations who are destined to always look for a new market in order to secure competitive powers in the global market. The reason for Vietnam's becoming an attractive place for production is that much uncertainty has been found in China, which has been the traditional country that absorbed the most amount of capital investment. Also, the favorable conditions of Vietnam market itself and the environmental changes such as the open-door policy of Vietnam government attract the investment of Korean companies, and Korea currently holds the most amount of cumulative investments in Vietnam. However, it is necessary to remember that Vietnam is still a socialist nation, and many required components for corporate activities are not sufficiently provided in Vietnam market. Also, many unstable environmental factors exist such as the lack of infrastructure, the lack of many required institutions, the prevalent corruption, the excessive processing time and cost for adjusting the investment, the lack of advanced work force, and the underdevelopment of part and material industry. Therefore, those companies who are planning to invest in Vietnam should take a long-term perspective in planning the investment strategies, carry out a detailed market investigation and analysis in advance, diversify the investment areas and investment sectors, carefully make a joint venture and management, carefully determine the factory location, establish a local agency, make co-investments with the part suppliers, etc.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.9-23
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• 2021

In Korea, various community investment renewable project models are being implemented to increase community acceptance of renewable energy. An important factor for enhancing local acceptance is that renewable energy projects have a positive effect on revitalizing the local economy such as income increase or job creation for residents and local companies. To maximize the local economic effect of large-scale community investment renewable energy projects, this study developed an evaluation index for local economy activation, whose indicators are the local return on investment, local companies' participation, local job creation, regional cooperation, transparency, and governance. Analysis of existing evaluation indicators and current renewable projects, financial analysis, and expert interviews were used in this research. The pilot evaluation determined that, the local economic effect was high in the following order: a fund investment wind project (Gangwon), benefit-sharing wind project (Jeju), and general wind project. In particular, residents' investment amount, the number of participating residents, and the amount and transparency of the regional cooperation fund were key factors to expand the effect of local economy activation. This evaluation index could be used in public bidding for renewable energy projects such as offshore wind zoning areas of local government.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.165-178
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• 2013

The interest in economics and efficiency of IT investment is growing as the amount of overall governmental IT investment steadily increase. Accordingly, there is a strong need to determine whether the expenditure incurs effectively for IT investment and to accurately analyze the economics of IT investment, In this perspective, this study discusses the prior researches on concepts regarding the analysis of IT investment management framework as proposed from academic and professional perspectives in advanced countries' government sectors. Thereafter, an adoption of IT investment management (ITIM) framework has been considered so as to enhance the performance of ICT initiative projects in the public sector. In the suggested IT investment management framework, we suggest economics and efficiency of public IT investment should be improved by integrating ICT project selection and control as well as evaluation stage into single governance framework.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.131-152
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• 2012

The aims of this study were to analyze middle-aged households' financial preparation for retirement. Specifically, this study surveyed the relation between human capital investment for children and the middle-aged households' financial preparation for retirement and investigated factors influencing financial preparation for retirement. Data were obtained from the 3rd Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS) in 2009, and a sample of 757 households was selected. The statistical methods were frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, ${\chi}^2$, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and logistic regression analysis. The findings of this study are as follows. First, the percentile of preparation for living costs for old age was 49.9% for the middle-aged households. In terms of the types of preparation for living costs for old age, the results showed 61.6% of personal preparation, 33.9% of pension system, and 1.3% for children and relatives. In relation to the adequacy of the preparations for living costs for old age, preparations made by 57.4% of the middle-aged households were inadequate. Observing the minimum living costs for old age and adequate living costs after retirement for single and couple, the minimum living costs of the middle-aged households was 1.46 million won for couple and 0.91 million won for single. The adequate living costs for old age was 2.07 million won for couple and 1.34 million won for single. Second, there were 757 households with total education expenditure. Of these, 208 incurred annual expenditure on public education, and the annual expenditure for public education was 7.28 million won. There were 170 households with annual expenditure for private education, and the annual expenditure for private education was 2.50 million won. 243 households of middle-aged households had annual expenditure for human capital investment, including both public and private education, with annual expenditure for human capital investment for children of 7.82 million won. Furthermore, in the human capital investment factor, there was a difference in the middle-aged households' financial preparation for retirement according to their annual expenditure for human capital investment including both public and private education. In addition, there was a difference in financial preparation for retirement based on their public education expenditure. Third, in the logistic regression model 1, which included human capital investment, the significant variables affecting the preparation for retirement of the middle-aged households were as follows : annual household income, total amount of annual household income, experience of inadequate living costs, existence of financial assets, total amount of annual household savings, financial independence, adequate living costs (for single) for old age, and human capital investment. In the logistic regression model 2, which included annual expenditure for public education and annual expenditure for private education, the significant variables affecting the preparation for retirement of the middle-aged households were as follows : annual household income, total amount of annual household income, experience of inadequate living costs, existence of financial assets, total amount of annual household savings, financial independence, adequate living costs (for single) for old age, and annual expenditure for public education.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.137-163
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• 1990

The properties of a investment material can be described by the consistency at the slurry state, the setting time, the compressive strength and the thermal expansion during the casting. In this study the effect of the production parameters which are included the ratio of quartz and cristobalite, the content of binder, the water powder ratio and the content and concentration of additives on the Properties of the gypsum-bonded investments has been investigated with help of the consistency test, the vicat needle test, the compressive strength test, the thermal expansion test, x-ray diffraction and DTA thermal differential test. The experimental results showed that the constitution of a investment with W/P ratio of 0.34, 30% of gypsum, 0.8% aluminium sulfate, 2% magnesium sulfate, 0.6% sodium phosphate was adapted for the properties of the KDA Spec. No. 13 type I investment. The important experimental results are summarized as follows. 1. The consistency of the investment decreased with increasing amount of aluminium sulfate and decreasing amount of sodium phosphate. An addition of magnesium sulfate up to 2% an increase of the consistency was shown. But 3% magnesium sulfate in investment showed a decrease of the consistency. The consistency did not vary significantly with a variation of the content of gypsum and cristobalite and the W/P ratio. 2. Aluminium sulfate and the magnesium sulfate promoted the hardening and the aluminium phosphate delayed the hardening. The setting time increased with amount of gypsum. The effect of the matrix on the setting time was insignificant. With the W/P ratio of 0.34 the setting time was 14 min. 3. The compressive strength decreased with the amount of aluminium sulfate up to 0.25% and increased with the amount of aluminium sulfate greater than 3%. The compressive strength decreased as decreasing the amount of magnesium sulfate and gypsum and as increasing the W/P ratio. The effect of the refractory on the compressive strength was also not significant. With the W/P ratio of 0.34 the compressive strength was $34Kg/mm^2$. 4. The 1st thermal expansion was found at the temperature near and the steady state or the contraction stage was found at the temperature between $250^{\circ}C$ and $500^{\circ}C$. After this stage the 2nd thermal expansion took place at the temperature near $500^{\circ}C$. The amount of thermal expansion increased with decreasing the content of magnesium sulfate, aluminium sulfate and gypsum and the W/P ratio. And the amount of thermal expansion increased as the content of sodium phosphate and cristobalite. With the W/P ratio of 0.34 the amount of total expansion was 1.2%.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.139-165
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• 1991

The properties of a investment material can be described by the consistency at the slurry state, the setting time, the compressive strength and the thermal expansion during the casting. In this study the effect of the production parameters which are included the ratio of quartz and cristobalite, the content of binder, the water powder ratio and the content and concentration of additives on the properties of the gypsum-bonded investments has been investigated with help of the consistency test, the vicat needle test, the compressive strength test, the thermal expansion test, x-ray diffraction and DTA thermal differential test. The experimental results showed that the constitution of a investment with W/P ratio of 0.34, 30% of gypsum, 0.8% aluminium sulfate, 2% magnesium sulfate, 0.6% sodium phosphate was adapted for the properties of the KDA Spec. No. 13 type I investment. The important experimental results are summarized as follows. 1. The consistency of the investment decreased with increasing amount of aluminium sulfate and decreasing amount of sodium phosphate. An addition of magnesium sulfate up to 2% an increase of the consistency was shown. But 3% magnesium sulfate in investment showed a decrease of consistency. The consistency did not vary significantly with a variation of the content of gypsum and cristobalite and the W/P ratio. 2. Aluminium sulfata and the magnesium sulfate promoted the hardening and the aluminium phoshpate delayed the hardening. The setting time increased with amount of gypsum. The effect of the matrix on the setting time was insignificant. With the W/P ratio of 0.34 the setting time was 14 min. 3. The compressive strength decreased with the amount of aluminium sulfate up to 0.25% and increased with the amount of aluminium sulfate greater than 3%. The compressive strength decreased as decreasing the amount of magnesium sulfate and gypsum and as increasing the W/P ratio. The effect fo the refractory on the compressive strength was also not significant. With the W/P ratio of 0.34 the compressive strength was $34Kg/mm^2$. 4. The 1st thermal expansion was found at the temperature near $250^{\circ}C$ and the steady state or the contraction stage was found at the temperature between $250^{\circ}C$ and $500^{\circ}C$. After this stage the 2nd thermal expansion took place at the temperature near $500^{\circ}C$. The amount of thermal expansion increased with decreasing the content of magnesium sulfate, aluminium sulfate and gypsum and the W/P ratio. And the amount of thermal expansion increased as the content of sodium phosphate ad cristobalite. With the W/P ratio of 0.34 the amount of total expansion was 1.2%.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2023

Purpose - In this study, we examine the factors related to the asset allocation decisions of individual investors who 1) directly invest in stocks or bonds, 2) indirectly invest in various fund products (excluding CMA and MMF), and 3) invest in both products. Design/methodology/approach - We collect a sample of 3,000 individual investors and investigate the factors influencing investment behavior, especially the diversification tendency in asset allocation, with the "Investor Behavior Survey" that is conducted jointly by the Korea Financial Investment Association and the Korea Gallup Research Institute in 2011 and 2012. Findings - Our regression analyses estimate the marginal effects of various factors such as the amount of total financial assets, monthly income, occupation, age, and gender. The results reveal that male investors with manual labor occupations were less inclined to diversify their investments compared to female investors in office jobs. Additionally, higher monthly income is associated with a greater inclination toward diversification. Therefore, if a positive relationship exists between income and educational level, we may suggest that higher educational levels lead to a greater tendency for diversification. Research implications or Originality - Interestingly, investors who engage in direct investments tend to exhibit a weaker diversification tendency as the amount of their direct investment increases. On the other hand, investors who engage in both direct and indirect investments show a weaker diversification tendency as the amount of total financial assets increases. This suggests that the investment style of investors is closely related to their diversification behavior.