• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2010

여드름 완화 효과를 갖는 천연 약용식물 추출물을 개발하기 위하여 여드름 원인균에 대한 항균 활성 및 항염증 효과를 다양한 추출물을 대상으로 분석하였다. 검색 결과 얻어진 후보 소재들 중, 비교적 높은 항균 활성을 갖는 보골지, 당후박과 항염증 효과를 갖는 목향, 구절초 추출물을 대상으로 선정하였고 이후의 실험을 진행하였다. 보골지 (Psoralea corylifolia L., AC-1), 당후박(Magnoliae officinalis. AC-2) 목향(Inula helenium L., ACF-1), 구절초(Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum, ACF-2) 추출물 및 복합소재 (AC)는 $50{\mu}g/mL$ 이하에서 세포 독성이 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 보골지, 당후박 추출물 및 복합소재의 경우 여드름 유발 원인균인 Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes)에 대해 양성대조군으로 사용한 10 % salicylic acid 대비 각각 약 2.8배, 2.5배, 3.2배의 높은 항균 효과를 보였다. 또한 Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) 에 대해서도 당후박 추출물과 복합소재의 경우 양성 대조군으로 사용한 10 % Methylparaben 대비 각각 약 1.4배, 1.5배 높은 항균 효과를 보였다. 목향 구절초 추출물 및 복합소재의 경우 열에 의해 사멸시킨 P. acnes에 의해 활성화된 THP-1 세포의 IL-8 발현을 $50{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 각각 27%. 38%, 44% 저해하였고 TNF-$\alpha$ 발현을 $50{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 각각 90%, 88%, 90%로 크게 저해하였다. 이러한 항균, 항염증 활성을 보이는 보골지, 당후박, 목향, 구절초 추출물의 복합 소재를 이용하여 여드름 완화 효과를 갖는 화장품으로의 개발이 가능할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2017

401종의 식물에서 얻은 메탄올 추출물 662개를 식물 병원성 곰팡이[딸기잿빛곰팡이병균(Botrytis sp.), 고추탄저병균(Colletotrichum sp.), 작약점무늬병균(Alternaria sp.) 및 작약검은뿌리썩음병균(Cylindrocarpon sp.)]에 대한 분생포자의 발아억제 활성을 microdilution assay로 측정하였다. 검정에 사용한 추출물 중에서 36종의 추출물이 1종 이상의 곰팡이에 대하여 억제활성을 보였다. 짚신나물, 고본, 족도리풀, 일천궁, 백선 및 목향의 뿌리, 능소화의 잎가지, 감초의 지상부, 뽕나무의 가지 추출물은 식물의 지상부 조직에서 발병하는 균(Botrytis sp., Colletotrichum sp. 그리고 Alternaria sp.)과 뿌리에 발병하는 균(Cylindrocarpon sp.)의 포자발아를 모두 억제하는 항균활성을 보여 주어 이들 추출물의 항균범위가 넓은 것으로 나타났다. 각각의 곰팡이 대한 추출물의 억제활성을 보면, 뽕나무의 가지와 고삼의 뿌리 추출물은 1,250 mg/L에서 딸기잿빛곰팡이병균의 포자발아를 완전히 억제하였다. 고추탄저병균의 포자발아억제에 가장 강한 추출물은 홀아비꽃대의 뿌리였으며, $1,250{\mu}g/ml$에서 완전히 억제하였다. 작약점무늬병균에 가장 강한 억제활성을 나타낸 추출물은 감초의 지상부였으며, $625{\mu}g/ml$에서 포자의 발아를 100% 억제하였고, 새모래덩굴의 뿌리와 뽕나무 가지 추출물은 $1,250{\mu}g/ml$에서 억제하였다. 작약검은뿌리썩음병균에 가장 강한 억제활성을 나타낸 추출물은 감초의 지상부와 목향의 뿌리였으며, $1,250{\mu}g/ml$에서 포자발아를 억제하였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권2호통권149호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2007

Aristolochic acid (AA) included in the plants Aristolochiaceae have been well known to be nephrotoxic and carcinogenic inducer and to cause renal disease such as Chinese Herb Nephropathy (CHN). In this study, we used a high performance liquid chromatopaphy-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) under the positive ion detection mode for the quantitative change of aristolochic acid-I and-II (AA-I and AA-II) in Aristolochiaceae (Aristolochia contorta Bunge, Aristolochia debilis Sieb. et Zucc., Aristolochia fangchi Wu), some related plants (Cocculus trilobus De candolle, Inula helenium Linne, Saussurea lappa Clarke), and its prescriptions (防己茯笭湯, 定喘散) with or without processing. Here, the processing methods and prescriptions in oriental medicine were generally used to alleviate toxicity or alter property of herbal medicines. However, the concentrations of AA-I and AA-II were highly determined in processed material extracts rather than unprocessed those, not measured in some related plants. Also, the concentrations of AA-I and AA-II even at the prescriptions mixed the plants of Aristolochiaceae were detected to range from 0.73 to 2.53 ppm. Thus, the present results suggest that the content of AA-I and AA-II contained to plants of Aristolochiaceae was not reduced by the processing methods or prescriptions which can induce the physico-chemical change and pharmacological transformation in traditional herbal medicines.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.358-366
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• 2002

To search for novel cancer preventive agents, we assessed the quinone reductase (QR)-inducing activities of medicinal herb extracts in cultured murine hepatoma cells (hepalclc7 cells). Among 216 herb extracts tested in this study, 8 kinds of herbal extracts were found to induce QR activity in hepalclc7 cells by more than 2-fold when used at the concentration of 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. The methanol extracts of Aster koraiensis NK and Pulsatilla koreana Nakai induced QR by 252 and 223 % , respectively, at the concentration of 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. Most of the herbal extracts with QR inducing-activity increased the enzyme activity in a typical dose-dependent manner. The QR activity in BP$^{r}$ cl cells was induced move than 50 % by the extracts of Pulsatilla koreana Nakai, Inula helenium, Physalis alkekengi var, francheti (Masters) Makino, Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamuva, Auemisia keiskeana Miquel, Chfsanthemum boreale Makino. In conclusion, hlsatilla koreana Nakai, Aster koraiensis N.K, and Chfsanthemum zawadskii var. iatilobum Kitamura, which showed relatively high QR induction, merit further animal study to evaluate their potential as cancer preventive agents.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2003

This study was executed by China along with the Tumen river, which formed border of North Korea and China. As a result 91 family, 282 genera, 363 species, 57 variety 4 species, total 424 taxa of vascular plants were identified. The examination area was include the region that had various vegetation such as upper swampy land, seashore dune, a river, a high mountain grassy plain, deciduous tree zone, evergreen coniferous forest zone. The followings are representative plants, which found in an examination area but not in South Korea. Picea koraiensis, Larix gmelini var. principis-ruprechtii, Betula playphylla, Ulmus pumila, Populus koreana, Ledum palustre var. diversipilosum, Rhododendron parvifolium, Salix brachypoda, Phacelurus latifolius, Carex gotoi, Carex capricornis, Calla palustris, Aquilegia flabellata var. pumila, Lilium davuricum, Astragalus membranaceus, Trifolium lupinaster, Ledebourieila seselodeds, Polemonium racemosum, Scutellaria baicalensis, Linnaea borealis, Thladiantha dubia, Inula helenium, Trollius hondoensis, Hypocaeris ciliata, Aconitum kirinense, Aconitum arcuatum, Potentilla viscosa var. macrophylla. And there are 21 rare and endangered species, which Korean Forest Sevice designated, such as Aconitum koreanum, Acorus calamus var. angustatus, Polygonatum stenophyllum, Drosera rotundifolia, Iris setosa, Jeffersonia dubia, Lilium davuricum, Lilium cernum, Paeonia obovata, Penthorum chinense, Phacelurus latifolius, Rosa marretii, Sparganium stoloniferum, Thymus quinquecostatus, Trillium tschonoskii, Utricularia japonica, Tripterospermum japonicum, Vaccinium uliginosum, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, etc. Especially, plants like, Acanthopanax senticosus, Jeffersonia dubia and Lillum cernum which have high values of ornamental, and medical use are in an extinction crisis. High swampy land was formed to upper stream of Tumen river. It showed representative vegitation, like Carex sp., Scirpus radirans, Eriophorum latifolium. Wetlands plant and a dune plant were mixed in down stream area of Tumen river. On a dune, seashore plants, such as Carex kobomugi, Salsola collina, Raphanus sativus var. raphanistroides, Rosa rugosa, Scutellaria strigillosa, Linaria japonica, Phacelurus latifolius were appeared frequently.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.69-83
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• 1974

To elucidate the relationship between chemical structure and biological activity of alantolactone, and also to investigate the relationship between the growth of cells and the respiration of Chlorella pyrenoidosa affected by alantolactone, alantolactone and isoalantolactone were isolated from Inula helenium L., and di-, and tetrahydroalantolactones were prepared by the hydrogenation. At a concentration of 5$\times$10-5M alantolactone, the growth rate of Chlorella was greatly reduced. The viability of cells was also reduced over 50% within 2 hr at a concentration of 2.5$\times$10-4M alantolactone. However, oxygen uptake was increased by 20% over 3 hr. And 14CO2 production from glucose-1-14C, glucose-6-14C and 14C-acetate-U.L. was also increased by alantolactone. Biological activityof alantolactone was significantly reduced by cysteine, reduced glutathione or cystine but not by tryptophan or histidine. It was detected by spectrophotometrically and by TLC that alantolactone was also reacted with thiols except cystine. The solution of alantolactone reached with thiol gave the UV absorption spectrum of $\alpha$-saturated ${\gamma}$-lactone, and most of SH groups were disappeared by the addition reaction. From the reaction mixture of alantolactone and cysteine, a lactone adduct was isolated and purified. Isoalantolactone had shown similar activity as alantolactone, however, it was appeared that di-, and tetrahydroalantolactones were not only inactive biologically but also in vitro. It was concluded that there was no correlationship between increased respiration rate and mortality of Chlorella. During the respiration TCA cycle was activated, however it was uncertain that the activation of EMP or HMP was also appeared. Alantolactone and isoalantolactone were biologically active compounds but others were inactive. The reactivity of $\alpha$-methylene ${\gamma}$-lactone moiety toward SH group was principally responsible for its biological activity in sesquiterpene lactones.

• 생약학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2014

To identify potential gastrointestinal prokinetic agents, water and 70% ethanol extracts and isolated compounds from 41 different traditional medicinal herbs were evaluated for the stimulation of gastrointestinal (GI) motility in vivo. Of the 41 water and 70% ethanol extracts, 12 extracts were found to enhance GI motility activity in mice by more than 10%. The 12 extracts are as follows: Atractylodes japonica (root), Crataegus pinnatifida (flower), Aucklandia lappa (root), Inula helenium (root), Cynanchum wilfordii (root), Chinese Liriope platyphylla (root), Codonopsis pilosula (root), Glehnia littoralis (root), Pinellia ternate (tuber), Agastache rugosa (aerial part), Angelica decursiva (whole plant), and Peucedanum praeruptorum (whole plant). In particular, the extracts from Atractylodes japonica (root), Cynanchum wilfordii (root) and Angelica decursiva (whole plant) have demonstrated the highest GI motility activity. In addition, 26 isolated compounds from the medicinal herbs were tested, and 8 isolated compounds were found to be active. They are ${\alpha}$-ionone, ${\beta}$-ionone, trans-caryophyllene, cedrol, methyl-3,5-di-O-E-caffeoyl-quinate, lobetyolin, oleoyllinoleoylolein and cis-jasmone. ${\beta}$-ionone from Aucklandia lappa (root) showed the most potent GI motility activity. The active traditional medicinal herbs and isolated compounds might be therapeutically advantageous in the treatment of GI motility disorders.

• 약학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.253-265
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• 1986

Among 230 species of herbal drugs screened, thirty one show the anthelmintic activities in vitro against Clonorchis sinensis, the chinese liver fluke. The active substances have been isolated and their structures identified. Some of the active substances and their derivatives have been synthesized, followed by anthelmintic activity tests. The extracts from the active drugs cause damages in organs of the adult worm in the hepatic duct of rabbit. Some fresh water fish, which function as bad hosts for the fluke, excrete defense substances against the cercaria of the fluke. The defense substances have been isolated from Cyprinus carpio and Cyprinus carpio nudus, followed by structural identification. The results are summarized as follows: l) The bark of Machilus thunbergii as well as the seed of Schizandra chinensis contain meso-dihydro-guaiaretic acid as the anthelmintic component. Among derivatives synthesized, 4-phenyl-1-((3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-, 4-phenyl-1-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy phenyl)-and 4-phenyl-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl)-2, 3-dimethyl butanes show considerable activities. Administration of the bark extract mainly damages the bladder of the adult worm. 2) The active substance from the roasted fruit of Prunus mume is 2-hydroxymethylfurfural. This substance is produced during the roasting process. Administration of the fruitextract causes a damage of the bladder of the adult worm. 3) The active substance from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis is 5.2'-dihydroxy-6, 7, 8, 6'-tetramethoxyflavone. 4) Beside alantolactone, a very strong anthelmintic component is contained in the root of Inula helenium. Administration of the root extract causes irreversible damage on the worm, affecting mainly the reproductive organs. 5) The cercaricidal substances from the epidermis of C. carpio and C. carpio nudus are ethyl linoleate and linoleic acid, respertively. 6) The cercaricidal substances from various kinds of fresh water fish have different $R_f$ values, implying that the defense substances are species-specific. Unexpectedly, the fish with good host function, for example Pseudorasbora parva, excrete the defense substances, too. The defense substances are possibly organ-specific in individual species; the organs essenstial for the existence of the species excrete the defense substances, allowing other parts to be invaded by the cercaria. 7) The cercaricidal fraction of Carassius carassius is detected only in the fish which have been collected during the summer time from May to September, Its secretion is not dependent on water temperature. Thus, it seems to be possible that the secretion of the defense substance would be stimulated through a contact between the fish and cercaria.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2008

유기재배 농가에서 해충방제용으로 이용하거나 해충에 살충력이 보고된 식물추출물 20종을 점박이응애, 복숭아혹진딧물 및 배추좀나방에 대해 살비, 살충 효과를 검정하였다. 이들 중 13종의 식물추출물은 1% 농도에서 점박이응애에 대해 80%이상의 높은 살비력을 보였다. 그러나, 0.2% 농도에서는 모두 50% 미만의 살충율을 보였고, 0.5% 농도에서는 창포, 목향 및 고추씨 추출물이 각각 82.8%, 82.8%, 86.2%의 높은 살비력을 나타내었다. 복숭아혹진딧물에 대해서는 고추씨와 겨자 추출물이 0.5% 농도에서 48.6%와 42.9%로 가장 높은 살충력을 보였다. 배추좀나방의 경우 1% 농도에서 황련과 고추씨 추출물이 50%와 55%의 살충력을 보였고 나머지 추출물의 살충효과는 50% 미만으로 낮았다. 하지만 여러 식물추출물이 배추좀나방 유충의 섭식을 저해하는 효과를 보였으며 황련 추출물을 처리한 경우 유충의 섭식저해율이 79.4%로 가장 높았다. 본 실험을 통해 천연살충제로서 고추씨와 같이 사용이 용이한 식물체추출물이 유기농업에 이용 가능성이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.