• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.599-609
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• 2006

In this study, we investigated the in vivo effect by intake of the irradiated foods such as mackerel and sesame seed which are high in unsaturated fatty acid through TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive subtance) and the tissue pathological and genotoxicological test. Thirty two ICR mice are divided into four groups, one non-irradiated (control) group and three irradiated (5, 10, 20 kGy, respectively) groups. Sesame seed and pulverized mackerel in modified AIN93M diet were mixed together then divided into four identical parts. Three parts of them were irradiated by doses of 5, 10, and 20 kGy. These experimental diet were fed to each group for 4, 8 and] 6 weeks. The results of the study were as follows: No significant differences in weight gain were found in each group. Peroxide value of the irradiated diet was higher than that of the non-radiated one and also increased according to the storage period. TBA values in plasma, liver, kidney and Peyer's patch were not significantly different among 4 groups. DNA% in tail, tail length (TL) and tail moment (TM) values of the blood lymphocyte in 4, 8 and 16 week groups and the liver in 16 week group were much measured over the control DNA % in tail of kidney of 8 week group was significantly than the control and TL and TM of 8 week and TM of 16 week groups showed a tendency of higher values. By Peyer's DNA % in tail of 8 week group, DNA % in tail and TM of 16 week groups increased significantly over the control, Ultrastructural examination shows myeline figures and swollen mitochondria in parietal cells and intestinal epithelial cells of 8 and 16 weeks groups. After this study, we need further investigations on the safety of highly consumed foods which contain high contents of unsaturated fatty acid, largely imported and which are possible to be irradiated.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2006

변비를 인위적으로 유도한 동물에 분자량을 다르게 한 실크 피브로인 및 세리신 단백질을 섭식시켜 식이소재로서의 활용가능성을 검토한 본 연구에서는 다음과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 1. 소화기 기능향상과 대장 관련 질환에 유효한 실크 피브로인 및 세리신 단백질의 평균분자량(Mw) 범위는 중성 염처리 피브로인의 경우 Mw 65,000 내외, 고압 정제 세리신은 Mw 108,000 내외였다. 2. 동물 소화력 탐색 실험에 있어서 저분자보다는 고분자량의 실크 단백질을 섭취한 동을 소화산물(변)에 수분 함량이 많이 함유되고 있었으며, 특히 고압 정제 세리신 섭취군의 경우는 원활한 소화산물의 배출이 유도됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 3. 실크 단백질을 함유한 식이소재를 동물 섭식에 27일간 섭식 시킨 결과, 세리신 섭취 군의 경우가 변비 유도를 시킨 정상군에 비하여 확실한 유의차를 나타내어 대장 관련 식이소재 혹은 관련 식품 소재로 적용할 수 있는 가능성이 확인되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권9호
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• pp.1288-1293
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• 2012

야콘 농축액을 첨가한 반죽 특성을 조사하기 위해 반죽의 pH 및 발효 팽창력을 측정하였을 때 야콘 농축액의 첨가가반죽의 pH에는 영향을 크게 미치지 않았으며, 발효과정 중야콘 농축액에 다량 함유된 fructo-oligosaccharides가 효모의 후기 발효에 이용되어 지속적으로 gas를 공급하여 최적발효시간이 지나도 반죽의 부피가 유지되는 현상을 나타내었다. 빵을 제조하여 식빵의 부피, 무게 및 비용적을 측정한 결과 설탕의 75% 이상을 야콘 농축액으로 대체하였을 때에는 호화와 착색에서는 약간 불리할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.빵의 물성측정 결과에서는 야콘 농축액의 함량이 늘어날수록 녹갈색은 짙어지는 경향을 나타내었으며, 유연하며 입안에서 부서지지 않고 덩어리 형태를 유지하는 물성을 나타내 좋은 제빵 특성을 나타내었다. 관능적 특성의 평가에서는 야콘 농축액의 첨가량이 높을수록 강한 야콘 향미와 진한 색을 나타내는 부드럽고 촉촉한 빵의 특성을 나타내었으며, 소비자들은 야콘 농축액 첨가량이 설탕의 75%를 대체한 YE75를 가장 선호하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로 야콘 농축액을 설탕을 대신하여 사용하였을 때 부드럽고 촉촉한 물성을 지닌 기호성이 높은 빵을 제조할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.121-134
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• 1974

This study is an attempt to evaluate the use of an oral contraceptive by: 1. Deforming the acceptance rate of the oral contraceptive according to socio-demographic characteristics 5. Estimating the duration of the use of the contraceptive f. Discovering reasons why the contraceptive was discontinued 4. Computing the cumulative continuation and discontinuation rate according to socio-demographic characteristics, history of pregnancies, and attitude of husband at the time of selection of the contraceptive. One hundred sixty-eight women of child bearing age (14-49 years), residing in Yonhee Dong, Seoul, Korea and registered as oral contraceptive accepters at Yonsei Community Health Center, were interviewed during a three week period in 1973. The questionnaire was designed to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the oral contraceptive accepters, the current status of their family planning practice, medical reactions if any, discontinuation practice, and the duration of the use of the contraceptive. The major findings of the study were as follows; 1. The acceptance rate was highest for women between 30 and 34 years of age, the mean age being 34.4 years. 2. Fifty six point five percent of all respondents said that thirty years of age was the ideal age to stop having children. 3. The average number of living children was 3.5 and fifty four point eight percent of respondents felt 2 boys and I girl was the ideal number of children. 4. The average number of pregnancies was 5.2 and the average number of induced abortion was I. 4. 5. Fifty eight point eight percent of the respondents had experience in the use of contraceptive methods in the past. 6. Forty one point seven percent of the respondents replied that they chose the oral contraceptive because, "it was not complicated to use." 7. Sixty four point eight percent of the women said their husband approved of their taking the pill. 8. The cumulative discontinuation rate was sixty point five percent of the total respondents for one year in first segment. 9. Sixty six point nine percent of the respondents had experienced side-effect while using the pill. The side effects for 68.9 percent of these women were castro-intestinal upsets. Twenty point eight percent of the women who had side effects consulted with medical personnel about them. Women who had more education had more side effects. 10. Seventy three point two percent of the women who discontinued the pill did so because of medical reasons. Women who were younger discontinued the pill for personal reasons more-often than older women. Among personal reasons listed for discontinuing the pill was the attitude of the husband. 11. The average duration of continuance of the contraceptive was 5.3 cycles under 29 years of age; 7.4 cycles between 30 and 34 years of age; and 8.4 cycles over 40 years of age. 12. The discontinuation rate was seem to increase sharply in the early cycle and increase more slowly in later cycle. Conclusions and suggestions: Since the attitude of the husband was shown to be important, the current family planning program should be expended to include approach to husband. For women who must use the oral contraceptive, education and support must be enhanced so that the discontinuation rate due to side effects will be decreased.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.491-500
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• 2020

유산균은 장 건강, 심장질환, 우울증, 비만 등을 예방하고 치료할 수 있다고 널리 알려져 있고, 특히 한국은 다양한 발효식품에서 유산균을 섭취할 수 있다. 하지만 국내 발효식품에서 분리된 유산균에 대한 연구는 대부분 김치에 한정되어 있기 때문에 대표적인 어류 전통 발효식품인 식해류의 유산균에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 한국의 전통발효식품인 가자미 식해의 발효에 관여하는 유산균의 배양일에 따른 균총의 변화를 관찰하고, 가자미 식해로부터 프로바이오틱스로 이용 가치가 있는 균을 분리하기 위해 시행되었다. 포항의 가정집에서 제조된 가자미 식해에서 유산균을 제조일로부터 50일까지 5일 간격으로 분리하고 동정하였고, 동정 결과 P. pentosaceus, P. inopinatus, Lc. mesenteroides, L. brevis, L. plantarum 5개 균주가 발효에 관여함을 알 수 있었다. 발효가 진행됨에 따라 초기 발효에는 Pediococcus sp.가, 중기 이후부터는 Lactobacillus sp.가 우세하게 발효에 관여하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 분리한 유산균 중 우수한 프로바이오틱 활성을 가지는 균주를 알아보기 위하여 산내성, 담즙산 내성 시험을 통해 균주를 선별한 뒤 응집능, 표면 소수성, 항균 활성, 항산화 활성 등을 평가하였다. 그 결과 본 연구의 가자미 식해 분리 균주 중 최종적으로 선택된 소화액 내성이 뛰어난 L. brevis GS1022와 응집능이 뛰어난 P. inopinatus GS316은 프로바이오틱 균주로 이용할 가치가 충분하다고 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.1023-1029
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• 2016

정장작용, 면역체계 조절, 알레르기 저감, 콜레스테롤 경감 등 여러 기능적 효능이 알려진 프로바이오틱스 건강기능 식품이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기능성 커피 상품개발을 위하여 커피 배합에 최적인 probiotic 균주를 선발하고자 하였다. 국내외 유통 중인 동결건조커피에서 분리한 균주 1종, 발효유스타터로 사용되는 균주 8종, Bifidobacterium 1종, Bacillus coagulans 1종으로 동결건조 후 생존율, 커피 음용 환경 생존율, 내산성 및 내담즙성을 측정하였다. Bacillus coagulans는 초기균수 $2.4{\times}10^7cfu/g$에서 동결건조 후에도 $2.0{\times}10^7cfu/g$으로 높은 생존율을 나타냈고, 커피의 음용 환경, 내산성, 내담즙성 테스트에서도 대조균인 Lactobacillus casei 균에 비하여 우수한 생존율을 나타냈다. 특히, 내산성 테스트에서는 pH 1, 120분 조건에서 Bacillus coagulans이 대조군에 비하여 3.8배 높은 생존율을 나타냈다. 이에 포자형성을 특징으로 하는 유산생성 Bacillus coagulans 균제제를 기능성 커피 배합 및 상품화에 적합한 probiotic 균주로 판단하였다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2002

The morphological development of colonic epithelia in fetuses between 60-. 90-, and 120-days gestation and neonates of Korean native goat were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. In the 60-day-old fetuses, the colonic epithelial cells contained nuclei, nucleoli, mitochondria, free ribosomes, and shoo granular and agranular endoplasmic reticula. The zonula occludens, zonula adherens, desmosomes, short microvilli, and masses of glycogen granules were also obsrved. The goblet cells contained a few secretory granules. In the 90-day-old fetuses, the cell organelles of the colonic epithelial cells were better developed than those in the 60 day old fetuses. Increased number of endoplasmic reticula, digitiform intercellular junctions, mitochondria, and Golgi complexes was observed. The goblet cells contained a lot of secretory granules. In the 120-day-old fetuses, the colonic epithelial cells contained long microvilli and well developed cell organelles. The nuclear cleft and large intercellular space were also appeared. Nunerous fibroblasts were seen in the basement membrane. The number of goblet cells was further observed. In the 120 day old fetuses, all colonic epithelial cells shape simple columnar cells. In newborns, the colonic epithelial cells were covered with extensive microvilli. There were many goblet cells with a lot of secretory granules protruding into the intestinal lumen, and some goblet cells secreted their secretory granules into the lumen. In the 60-and 90-day-old fetuses, the colonic epithelial cells appeared to be either simple columnar or stratified columnar depending on areas.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.807-814
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• 2013

소화기 내시경에 장착된 808 nm 파장의 고출력 근적외선 레이저를 장벽에 조사하여 병변을 제거할 수 있는 치료용 의료기기의 개발을 목적으로 레이저-조직 상호작용에 관한 기초 실험을 진행했다. 레이저 출력 3~12 W, 조사 시간 5~20 s 범위에서 각 변수의 증가에 따라 천공 깊이가 1~4 mm 범위에서 선형적으로 증가했다. 돼지에서 적출한 각 장기에 대한 레이저 조사 시 천공 깊이가 조직 특성에 따라 달라짐을 확인했다. 온도 측정 결과로부터 열에너지가 레이저 조사 지점에 집중되고 심부로 전달되어 주변 조직의 열손상은 방지됨을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 위, 대장 등의 소화기 조직에서 일정한 절개 깊이를 얻기 위해 필요한 근적외선 레이저의 구동 조건을 결정하는데 활용될 수 있다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.199-210
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mulberry juice and cake powder on blood glucose and lipid status along with intestinal disaccharidase and erythrocyte antioxidative enzyme system in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing $100{\pm}10g$ were randomly assigned to one normal group, and eight STZ-induced diabetic groups: control diet group without mulberry juice and cake powders (DM-C), three mulberry juice powder groups (0.5%: DM-0.5J, 1%: DM-1J, 2%: DM-2J) and low mulberry cake powder groups (0.25%: DM-0.25C, 0.5%: DM-0.5C, 1%: DM-1 C, 2%: DM-2C). After three-week feeding of each experimental diet, diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of 50 mg/kg body weight of STZ in sodium citrate buffer (pH 4.3) via tail vein of eight DM groups. Rats were sacrificed at the 9th day of diabetic states. Level of blood glucose was 505 mg/dl in DM-C group but it was 28% and 39% lower in mulberry juice and cake powder fed groups, respectively, than the DM-C group. Activities of maltase, sucrase and lactase in proximal part of small intestine were significantly lower in the mulberry juice and cake powder groups by $42{\sim}47%$ than those of DM-C group. Erythrocytic superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities were significantly reduced by STZ but increased close to normal levels along with less accumulation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Serum levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol by STZ-DM were reduced and increased respectively, to the norma] levels by the mulberry juice and cake powder. Except the levels of TBARS, the effects on the other measurements by the various dietary levels of mulberry juice and cake powder were almost same and the effect of the cake powder was most significant at the lowest level. These results indicate that mulberry juice and cake powders have consityerable hypoglycemic effect and strengthening antioxidant defense systems at the low levels in diabetic state and may be able to reduce diabetic complications.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.206-220
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of depression, discomfort, spirituality, physical care, and opioid use on pain with terminally ill cancer patients residing in hospice units. The convenient sample of this study consisted of 41 terminally ill cancer patients at three hospice units in university affiliated hospitals. Patients were interviewed with structured questionnaires three times at predetermined intervals: admission to the hospice unit (Time 1), one week later (Time 2), and two weeks later (Time 3). The data was collected from January 1998 to January 1999 and was analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multivariate multiple regression. 1. The mean age of the participants was approximately 55 years old. In terms of diagnosis, lung cancer showed the highest frequency (19.5%), followed by stomach cancer and rectal cancer (17.1%). The motive of seeking hospice unit admission was control (72. 2%), followed by spiritual care (50%), and symptom relief (38.9%). 2. Regarding the type of pain felt, the highest pain frequency the participants experienced was deep pain (55%), followed by multiple pain (25%), intestinal pain (10%), then superficial (5%) and neurogenic pain (5%). For the level of pain measured by VAS, there was no significant difference among the three time points; Time 1 (5.04$\pm$2.21), Time 2 (4.82$\pm$2.58) and Time 3(4.73$\pm$2.51). 3. There was significant change seen in spirituality and physical care in each time interval. Namely, the longer the length of admission at the hospice unit, the higher the importance of spirituality (p=0.0001) and the more the physical care the participants received (p=0.01). The opioid use at the three time points showed the following frequencies : Time 1 (75.6%), Time 2 (85.4%) and Time 3 (75.6%). 4. Regarding factors influencing pain, the pain level was significantly affected by the depression level (p〈0.01) and the opioid use (p〈0.1). These results were the most significant at the two time points (Time 1 and Time 2). At Time 3 (two weeks later), the pain level was significantly affected by the depression level (p〈0.05) and the amount of physical care the participants received (p〈0.1). In conclusion, the terminally ill cancer patients had moderate pain, were generally depressed, and were treated with opioid analgesics. As approaching death, the patients received more physical care due to increased physical symptoms experienced and they had a higher perception of the importance of spirituality. Thus, health care professionals need to provide continuous care for each of them to die comfortably physically, psycho- logically, and spiritually.