• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.781-800
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• 2019

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the association between residential environment satisfaction and elderly depression with a focus on the mediating effect of physical activity. The survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons performed in 2017 was used for analysis. Among total 10,299 who aged 65 years or above and participated in survey, only 10,059 people who answered the survey questions by themselves without missing main questions were included in this analysis. Mediation effects were tested with Baron & Kenny(1986) method and Sobel test(Sobel, 1982). As results, first, residential environment satisfaction was negatively associated with elderly depression. Second, residential environment satisfaction was positively related to physical activity. Lastly, it was found that physical activity mediated the relationship between residential environment satisfaction and elderly depression. The results showed that older adults who satisfied in residential environment were more likely to participate in physical activity, and older people who participated in physical activity were less likely to experience depressive symptoms. Based on these results, the paper suggests the importance of subjective satisfaction of residential environment and participation of physical activity for mental health in later life, and some intervention strategies for Aging In Place.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.205-233
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• 2014

This study aims to identify work conflicts in Korean socio-cultural context by applying grounded theory. Survey has been conducted through in-depth interviews with 11 different employees from various occupational categories. Data collected from the survey were then analyzed based on the grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin (1998), thus resulted in a paradigm model consisting of 31 categories, 63 subcategories, and 100 concepts by open coding. Axial coding was then conducted and the results were as follows. The causal condition was the 'character of an opponent'. Contextual conditions which affect the causal condition were 'situational characteristics', 'character of an opponent', 'character of oneself', and their 'mutuality'. 'Negative feeling' was the central phenomena of work conflict and action/interaction strategies were verified to be 'avoidance', 'expression', 'effort toward solving problems' and 'increasing conflict'. Intervening conditions were 'interrelation', 'intervention', and 'group/task characteristics'. The consequences were organized as 'conflict continuance', 'personnel change' and 'positive effect'. Through selective coding, 'managing with the conflict' was derived as core-category and three different types of management were classified. Ultimately, this study shows how employees work in Korea experience the work conflicts and what kinds of socio-cultural factors have influence on the work conflicts, which can supplement previous inadequate empirical research. Also, this study can provide implications and suggestions as a fundamental integrated model for the future empirical research on work conflicts.

• Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.190-208
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• 2018

Objectives To initiate and develop a treatment guideline in multidisciplinary approaches for related professions who are either working and/or living with children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders who show behavioral problems. Methods To collect and reflect opinions from multiple professions who assumedly have different interventions or mediations on behavioral problems, a self-report survey and Focus Group Interview (FGI) were conducted for a group of child and adolescent psychiatrists, behavioral therapists, special education teachers, social welfare workers, and caregivers. Results According to a self-report survey and FGI results from multiple professional groups, aggressive behavior is the mostly common behavioral problem necessitating urgent interventions. However, both mainly used intervention strategies and effective treatment methods were different depending on professional backgrounds, such as pharmacological treatment, parent training, and behavior therapy, even though they shared an importance of improving communication skills. In addition, there was a common understanding of necessity to include parent training in a guideline. Lastly the data suggested lack of proper treatment facilities, qualified behavior therapists, and lack of standardized treatment guideline in the field needed to be improved for a quality of current therapeutic services. Conclusion It is supported that several subjects should be included in the guidelines, such as how to deal with aggressive behavior, parent training, and biological aspects of neurodevelopmental disorders. Also, it is expected that publishing the guideline would be helpful to above multiple professions as it is investigated that there are lack of treatment facility and qualified behavioral therapists compared to need at the moment.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.507-528
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• 2009

Coping and defense are similar psychological mechanisms to reduce stress response, but they are regarded as distinct from each other. Defense involved distortions of reality, but coping was used for strategies associated with accepting the true nature of the situation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the coping and defense features of the North Korean Defectors in the Rorschach test. The subjects were then categorized into four groups based on their birth place and gender: Male North Korean defectors( N=16), female North Korean defectors(N=28), male South Koreans(N=17), and female South Koreans(N=25). All subjects were individually administered the Rorschach test, and protocols were scored according to the Exner(2003)'s Rorschach Comprehensive systems. Coping or defense-related Rorschach variables were selected for analysis: EA, CDI, Adj D, EB style, Lamda, Zd, X-%, Xu%, W:Dd:D, P, reaction time, and other behavior characteristics during the testing. Compared with other groups, female North Korean defectors were more likely to show poor coping resources(low EA), adjustment difficulties(Adj D), and distortions of reality(high X-%). They also demonstrated more 'don't know' responses and more delayed responses than other groups. These findings suggest that poor coping resources make female North Korean defectors more vulnerable to stress, and psychological intervention such as social skills training may help them settle successfully in south Korea. Limitations of the current study and implications for future research were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1_spc
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• pp.299-317
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• 2008

The school drop-out among the youth has grown to become a serious social problem since about 2000 and calls for an attention to its seriousness. Therefore, this study reviewed the statitistical reports and the previous empirical findings on the school drop-out and integrated to establish a comprehensive understanding of this social phenomenon. The main concepts and terminologies on school drop-out, the current statistics, the possible causal factors and the usual trajectory the youth take after dropping-out of school were discussed to conceptualize the issue. Analyses indicated 12 characteristics of the students who dropped out of school. Those 12 characteristics were restructured according to the ecological conceptual model. The social instability and the financial crisis in the 1990's has eroded the stability of the primary environments of adolescents such as family and school. The family breakdowns from divorce and other reasons weakened psychological and financial support for adolescents. The diminished authority of teachers and school over students exposed conflicts between teacher and students, students' loss of purpose and interest in academic attainment. The adolescents showed emotional reponses like increased level of depression, helplessness, aggression, indicated cognitive reponses such as the loss of purpose and interest in studying, a heightened sense of uncertainty of the future, and behavioral responses like sexual acting out behaviors, and bullying. The unmet psychological needs of adolescents result in run-away and school drop-out behaviors, which in turn progress into juvenile delinquency as the society fails to provide adequate and appropriate guidance and interventions. The intervention strategies at the national level were proposed and the limitations of the study were discussed.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.520-530
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• 2024

Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. When the function of these genes is lost, it can lead to cellular plasticity that drives the development of various cancers, including small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), which is known for its aggressive nature. SCLC is primarily driven by numerous loss-of-function mutations in TSGs, often involving genes that encode epigenetic regulators. These mutations pose a significant therapeutic challenge as they are not directly targetable. However, understanding the molecular changes resulting from these mutations might provide insights for developing tumor intervention strategies. We propose that despite the heterogeneous genomic landscape of SCLC, the effects of mutations in patient tumors converge on a few critical pathways that drive malignancy. Specifically, alterations in epigenetic regulators lead to transcriptional dysregulation, pushing mutant cells toward a highly plastic state that makes them immune evasive and highly metastatic. This review will highlight studies showing how an imbalance of epigenetic regulators with opposing functions leads to the loss of immune recognition markers, effectively hiding tumor cells from the immune system. Additionally, we will discuss the role of epigenetic regulators in maintaining neuroendocrine features and how aberrant transcriptional control promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition during tumor development. Although these pathways seem distinct, we emphasize that they often share common molecular drivers and mediators. Understanding the connection among frequently altered epigenetic regulators will provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying SCLC development, potentially revealing preventive and therapeutic vulnerabilities for SCLC and other cancers with similar mutations.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.69-94
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• 2024

With the development of cyberspace and its increasing interaction with our daily lives, cybercrime has been steadily increasing in recent years and has become more prominent as a serious social problem. Notably, the "four major malicious cybercrimes" - cyber fraud, cyber financial crime, cyber sexual violence, and cyber gambling - have drawn significant attention. In order to minimize the damage of cybercrime, it's crucial to delve into the specifics of each crime and develop targeted prevention and intervention strategies. Yet, most existing research relies on indirect data sources like statistics, victim testimonials, and public opinion. This study seeks to uncover the characteristics and factors of cybercrime by directly interviewing suspects involved in 'copyright infringement', 'gambling' related to illicit online content, and 'pornography crime'. Through coding analysis and text mining, the study aims to offer a more in-depth understanding of cybercrime dynamics. Furthermore, by suggesting preventative and remedial measures, the research aims to equip policymakers with vital information to reduce the repercussions of this escalating digital threat.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2024

This study aims to analyze low-performing high school students' difficulties in constructed response (CR) mathematics assessments and explore ways to use writing activities to support student learning. The participants took CR assessments, engaged in guided writing activities across 15 lessons, and provided responses to our interviews. The study identified 20 types of student difficulties, which were sorted into two main categories: "mathematical difficulties" and "CR difficulties." The difficult nature of mathematics as a school subject included a lack of understanding of mathematical concepts, students' difficulty with mathematical symbols and notations, and struggles with word problems. Challenges specific to CR assessments included students' difficulties arising from the testing conditions unlike those of multiple-choice items, and included issues related to constructing appropriate responses and psychological barriers. To address these challenges in CR assessments, the study conducted guided writing activities as an intervention, through which six themes were identified: (1) internalization of mathematical concepts, (2) mathematical thinking through relational understanding, (3) diverse problem-solving methods, (4) use of mathematical symbols, (5) reflective thinking, and (6) strategies to overcome psychological barriers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.297-307
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• 2024

Coronary artery disease (CAD) narrows vessel lumens at the sites of atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of myocardial ischemia or infarction. Early and accurate diagnosis of CAD is crucial to significantly improve prognosis and management. CT angiography (CTA) is a noninvasive imaging technique that enables assessment of vascular structure and stenosis with high resolution and contrast. Coronary CTA is useful in the diagnosis of CAD. Recently, the CAD-reporting and data system (CAD-RADS), a diagnostic classification system based on coronary CTA, has been developed to improve intervention efficacy in patients suspected of CAD. While the CADRAD is based on CTA, it includes borderline categories where interpreting the coronary artery status solely based on CTA findings may be challenging. This review introduces CTA findings that fall within the CAD-RADS categories that necessitate additional tests to decide to perform invasive coronary angiography and discusses appropriate management strategies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.819-826
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• 2024

This study aims to examine the correlations between self-control, time management behavior, and SNS addiction proneness among university students, and to analyze their impact on academic procrastination. The goal is to explore intervention strategies to improve academic procrastination behaviors. The subjects of this study were 167 students from a university located in City D, who agreed to participate and responded to the survey between February 6, 2024, and April 19, 2024. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 statistical program, employing t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Academic procrastination showed significant negative correlations with self-control (r=-.570, p<.001) and time management behavior (r=-.544, p<.001), and a significant positive correlation with SNS addiction proneness (r=.367, p<.001). The factors influencing academic procrastination were time management behavior (β=-.461, p<.001), self-control (β=-.359, p<.001), and SNS addiction proneness (β=.199, p<.001), with an explanatory power of 52%. To reduce academic procrastination among university students, it is necessary to implement various extracurricular programs aimed at improving time management behavior.