• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.559-569
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• 2020

This study was conducted to examine relationships among job environment, psychological work demand, fatigue, musculoskeletal symptoms, then to investigate the factors influencing musculoskeletal symptoms of care workers in long-term care hospitals. A total of 128 care workers recruited from three long-term care hospitals in S city. Self-reported questionnaire survey was conducted from April to May, 2020. The results were as follows: The musculoskeletal symptoms of the care workers were the sum of the frequency of symptom occurrence, duration of symptoms, and intensity of pain in the three parts of the shoulder, hand/wrist/finger, and waist. The average score was 11.41±9.50 points out of 42. According to the hierarchical regression analysis, their musculoskeletal symptoms were significantly influenced by working department(β=.18, p=.034), psychological work demand(β=.21, p=.013) and fatigue(β=.25, p=.003), explained 21.6% of the total variance(F=6.87, p<.001). Based on our results, in order to reduce musculoskeletal symptoms of care workers in nursing hospitals, it is necessary to develop and apply an intervention program that can reduce psychological work demand and fatigue in consideration of the severity of the patient in charge.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.105 no.2
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• pp.238-246
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• 2016

The study aims to examine Japan's National REDD+ Strategies prepared for Post-2020 and the status of its implementation by organizations in Japan, and then to suggest the potential REDD+ countermeasures against Joint Credit Mechanism (JCM) for Republic of Korea and their implications. As for the technical limitations of the guidelines of REDD+ under the JCM, it is pointed out that forests located at the place with less potential safeguard intervention tend to be selected as the target area for a project and that, as reference emission trend changes depending on the basic year of the baseline, differences could occur among the amounts of greenhouse gas emission. In addition, it is pointed out that the result of the calculation of the displacement of emissions, or leakeage, in REDD+, can have an uncertainty, since the calculation is done by just multiplying leakage area by certain coefficients, without considering the size of the leakage area. Furthermore, the lack of implementation guideline or methodologies for a project level is also pointed out as a limitation, considering that there are only some national and sub-national monitoring guidelines at present. Finally, internationally accepted guidelines for safeguard and its sub-items needed to be prepared, as current safeguard policy only includes lists without detailed items. Such things mentioned above are all related to, and can lead to the problem of double counting of items in Nested Approach etc., as well as of the distribution of credits. Therefore, Republic of Korea should take these into consideration when implementing its REDD+ projects.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.31-55
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of verbal violence experience by employees on turnover intention and the mediating effect of customer-member exchange(CMX) and job satisfaction in local healthy family support center(HFSC). Additionally, the multi-group analysis and latent mean analysis showed varying results across working for general service and child-care service. For the purpose, study conducted a survey among all the employees at 56 local HFSC in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do Province. Of a total of questionnaires distributed, 319 were returned and analysed. The result of this study were as follows First, verbal violence experience by employees effected on CMX, CMX effected on job satisfaction, job satisfaction effected on turnover intention. Second, CMX and job satisfaction acceptance have statistically significant mediating effects between verbal violence experience and turnover intention. Third, as result of multi-group analysis, the structural relationship were no significant differences found in job position. In the latent means analysis, working for child-care service showed significantly higher latent mean values in verbal violence experience and CMX than general service. Based on the results, policy and practice implications of this study were discussed intervention with considerations given to the difference of the job position.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.465-476
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• 2017

This study attempted to investigate the effects of gold therapy on myofascial pain syndrome(MPS) in the neck, back and shoulder in comparison to stone therapy and verify its availability as an efficient nursing mediator in clinical trials. For this, therapy was given to a total of 20 women in two groups (gold therapy group, stone therapy group: 10 persons each) living in the capital region three times a week (40 min. at a time) for two weeks. In both groups, a statistically significant decrease was found in the following after the treatment: neck circumference, shoulder width, width of the inferior angle of scapula, shoulder thickness and waist circumference (p<0.001). In terms of differences, the gold therapy group was greater than the stone therapy group. In both groups, a statistically significant increase was observed after treatment in the following: cervical lateral bending (right), cervical lateral bending (left), cervical flexion and cervical extension angle (p<0.001). In terms of differences, the gold therapy group was greater than the stone therapy group. In conclusion, this study seems to show that gold therapy is a nursing intervention option having effective fascial relaxation and pain relief for the neck, back and shoulder. Therefore, it would be valuable as safe, non-invasive therapy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.247-257
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• 2020

Despite the various smoking cessation programs that are available for college students, students have lower rates of quitting smoking than do other age groups. This study identifies the variables associated with continuous abstinence from smoking among college students. This study used the data from the National Tobacco Control Center and 781 college students who participated in the program conducted by the Daejeon Tobacco Control Center from June, 2015 to December, 2016. The results showed that the expiration CO level and the frequency of attending smoking cessation counseling were the significant variables related to the continuous abstinence rate at 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Students who had a low expiration CO level (?10 ppm) had a higher abstinence rate than did the students who had a high expiration CO level (≥10ppm), and the OR was 2.53 at 4-week, 2.33 at 12-week, and 2.13 at 24-week. The ORs for the 4-week, 12-week, and 24-week abstinence rates with one additional counseling session were 12.39, 13.13, and 12.21, respectively. This study suggests the need to increase the number of smoking cessation counseling sessions for effective smoking cessation intervention among college students.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.259-269
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• 2014

After global financial crisis, the ratio of household debt to GDP was decreasing in other advanced countries such as the U.S., and the U.K. and so on. But, in Korea, household debt (of which residential mortgage loan account for a large part) ratio is still increasing. This paper focuses on the scale and characteristics of households in negative housing equity (those are called House-poors in Korea), and also the socio-economic backgrounds of the formation process. In financial perspective, the problem of negative housing equity depends on financial debt repayment capability. We used DSR (Debt Service Ratio) and LTA (Loan to Asset ratio) as financial indicators to evaluate the debt repayment capability. The critical value of DSR is assumed as 40%, and LTA 100%. The socio-economic backgrounds of the House-poors are as follows : increasing households debt dependency, over lending competition of financial institutions and unreasonable loan in household economy, instability of real estate market, week regulation on mortgage loan. Finally, this paper suggests some implications about the range and the target of public intervention.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.275-311
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• 2007

Hydrogen energy is emphasized as a substitutable energy of carbon-based energy system in the future, since it is non-depletable and clean energy. Long term vision of Korean government on the national energy system is to promote hydrogen energy by 15% of final energy demand until 2040. This study analyzes economic impacts of hydrogen energy development employing a dynamic CGE model for Korea. Frontier technology such as hydrogen energy is featured as slow diffusion at the initial stage due to the learning effect and energy complementarity. Without government intervention, hydrogen energy would be produced upto 6.5% of final energy demand until 2040. However, if government subsidizes sales price of hydrogen energy by 10%, 20%, and 30%, share of hydrogen energy would increase 9.2%, 15.2%, and 37.7% of final energy demand. This result shows that the slow diffusion problem of hydrogen energy as frontier technology could be figured out by market incentive policy. On the other hand, production levels of transportation sector would increase while growth rate of oil and electricity sectors would decline. Household consumption would be affected negatively since increase of consumption due to the price decrease would be overwhelmed by income reduction owing to the increase of tax. Overall, GDP would not decrease or increase significantly since total production, investment, and export would increase even if household consumption declines.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.5169-5175
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to find the factors related to smoking-cessation among citizens receiving smoking-cessation clinics' services in a public health center in Daejeon metropolitan city. The study subjects were 2,125 participants registered in "smoking-cessation clinic", public health centers in 2007. Frequency analysis, chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to determine the relationships between the success rate of smoking-cessation and the characteristics. The success rate of smoking-cessation during 6 months was 39.8%. Males had a higher rate than females, and people over 65 years of age had a higher rate than those less than 40 years of age. High blood pressure, drinking of more 2 times per week, regular exercise, CO under 10ppm had significantly relationships with the smoking-cessation rate. The other independent variables had no statistically significance with the smoking-cessation success rate. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, number of nicotine patches used and total consultation times had significantly relationships with the smoking-cessation success rate. The total consultation times showed the highest odds ratio than the other significant factors. This study suggests that regular consultations will be the most effective intervention towards maintaining smoking cessation programs of smoking-cessation clinics in public health centers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.459-469
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to classify the subtypes of perpetrators of school violence based on their psychological characteristics. In order to classify the students, questionnaires/interviews which consist of 6 factors (Cognitive Impulsivity, Unplanned Impulsivity, Depression, Anxiety, Peer Conformity, and Self assertion) and 19 questions were administered to 86 perpetrators of school violence. Then, a two-step cluster analysis was performed with the survey results of 74 perpetrators. As a result, three clusters were identified and named as follows: 1) Impulsive Vulnerability, 2) Emotional Vulnerability, and 3) Social Vulnerability. Scrutinizing the detailed characteristics of each cluster, the first cluster, Impulsive Vulnerability, showed higher scores on Cognitive Impulsivity and Unplanned Impulsivity, compared to the other two clusters, while Depression and Anxiety scores were lower. The second cluster, Emotional Vulnerability, showed higher scores on Depression and Anxiety, while Cognitive Impulsivity and Unplanned Impulsivity scores were lower. The third cluster, Social Vulnerability, showed the highest score on Peer Conformity among the three clusters. However, Self assertion scores were the lowest in this cluster, and Cognitive Impulsivity, Unplanned Impulsivity, depression, and anxiety scores were lower than in the others. This study will provide a useful insight for facilitating teachers and parents' understanding of the psychological characteristics of school violence perpetrators and thereby contributing to effective intervention.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.33
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• pp.169-191
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• 2006

Changing our monopoly broadcasting advertising system into free competition system may give rise to serious troubles that intensify commercialism of broadcasting and reduce diversity of public opinion. In the boundaries of public interest out of danger, korean broadcasting system should adopt a system that partially adopts the principle of free market. Broadcasting advertising sale system affect the whole broadcasting system because it functions as an effective capital-resource provider. Thus, it affects the broadcasting policies' righteousness and efficiency. Due to the non-elastic nature of the total advertising market, broadcasting advertising's size affects other media's capital allocation process. Therefore, broadcasting advertising sales system not only affects broadcast's social duty and public interest, but also affects the whole media industry. First, provide fair and open-competitive measures to support broadcast sales policy so that the market-based system can be run smoothly. Second, block any un-due influence from advertisers by separating production/programming and advertising sales. Third, sustain public broadcast system, not based on the advertising sales but based on the subscription fee. Fourth, social intervention of the advertising market. Fifth, provide policies that can set up multiple media channels/outlets and public opinion. By providing the minimum capital resources to the public broadcasting system, the broadcasting system can act on its public-interest duty and support the people's right-to-know rights.