• (The) Korean Journal of Advertising
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.7-42
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• 2014

This study is designed to examine the effects of information source's social distance on message attitude and online word-of-mouth intention (e-WOM). It also examined the moderation effects of blatant persuasive intention of message, the normative interpersonal influences, and the informative interpersonal influences on the relationship between social distance and advertising effectiveness. This study employed an experiment: 2(far/near social distance far/near) ${\times}2$(high/low blatant persuasive intention of message) ${\times}$(high/low normative interpersonal influences) ${\times}2$(high/low informative interpersonal influences). The results of this study are as follows. First, closer social distance led to more positive message attitude and higher online word-of-mouth intention. Second, when blatant persuasive intention of message is low, the effects of social distance on message attitude and WOM intention were more noticeable while those effects were less significant for high blatant persuasive intention of message. Third, there were no interaction effects of social distance and normative interpersonal influences on advertising effectiveness. Fourth, the effects of social distance on message attitude and WOM intention were more significant for high informative interpersonal influences than for low informative interpersonal influences. Implications of study findings are provided for strategic use of corporate Facebook page to generate positive consumer responses.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.1113-1120
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to find the important travel agency service quality factors in relation to the amount of information search efforts through major information channels of customers such as interpersonal source, retailer source, and external media source. Factor analysis using varimax rotation was performed and 20 service attributes of travel agent was reduced to 6 factors; convenience system, personal service, customer maintaining service, reputation, atmosphere and accessibility. According to MANOVA analysis there are significant differences in the service quality factor due to the type of source and amount of efforts of information search.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.52-67
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• 1991

The purpose of the present study was to investigate children's interpersonal problem solving strategies. Specifically, the number and categories of interpersonal problem solving strategies were examined by age, sex, and source of problem (friends or mother). The subjects were eighty 4,-and 6-year-old boys and girls. The instrument was based on Shure and Spivack's (1974) Preschool Interpersonal Problem Solving (PIPS) test. The test was administered to the children individually in the preschool setting. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, frequency, percentage, and Kendall's Tau. The results showed that the older children had higher PIPS scores; that is, the 6-year-olds suggested more alternative problem solving strategies than 4-year-olds. Children suggested more alternate strategies and different strategies for solving problems with friends compared to solving problems with mothers.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.440-448
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• 2005

This study explores some basic issues behind adults' seeking and using patterns of alternative medicine as well as health food (health food/medicine). In order to do this, 791 adult participants in Seoul and Busan were interviewed face-to-face. The results of the survey showed that 1) interpersonal influence was the most influential factor in relation to the adoption of health food/medicine(46.9% of the participants reported on the influences), 2) keeping healthy was the main motivation for the usage of health food/medicine(34.5% of the participants), 3) mass media was the important information source for health food/medicine, 4) with regard to trustworthiness of information sources, experts were believed to be the most trustworthy while information from acquaintances were thought less, and finally, 5) pharmacies and health food stores were main suppliers of health food/medicine. This study suggests some marketing strategies for health food/medicine. For example, it can be suggested that interpersonal communication among other information channels should be focused and might be increased trust by using professionals.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.169-177
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• 1997

This study aims at empirically clarifying the relationship between power and the interpersonal conflict, including nurses' understanding of their relative power, the causes of interpersonal conflicts with the nurses, and strategies to resolve conflicts, in order to understand how nurses' relative power affect their conflicts. For the empirical survey, the population was defined as all the nurses working at a medical organization in Seoul, Korea. 1083 nurses were selected as the sample for the questionnaire survey and statistical analyses. For the sampling, 32 medical organizations were selected by a stratified random method and sub-samples were arbitrarily drawn from each organization to obtain the final sample of 1083 nurses who responded to the questionnaire designed by the reseacher. According to the result of the study, most nurses experience conflict more than once a month, and 70.4% of the respondents answered that interpersonal conflicts were directly or indirectly caused by power relations. which indicates that they perceive power relations as the main cause of interpersonal conflicts. Nurses experienced the most conflicts with interns and residents(29.7%), then patients and their families(24.3%), higher-positioned nurses(12.3%), nurse colleagues(7.7%), lower-positioned nurses(6.5%), and staff doctors(5.1%). If we classify these into three groups. the frequency of the conflicts, from most frequent to least. is in the order of doctors. nurses, and patients. In terms of relative power, nurses perceive that they have greater power than patients and their families, lower-positioned nurses, and nurse colleagues. In contrast, nurses perceive that they have less power than interns and residents, higher-positioned nurses. and staff doctors. Among these groups. nurses perceive that they have the most power over patients and the least over staff doctors. These results indicate that nurses tend to experience more conflicts with members of groups that are stronger than themselves in terms of relative power, Nurses use positive strategies such as the compromise strategy(32.3%) or the collaboration strategy (20.3%) to manage conflicts, more than other strategies. However, they use avoidance or competition strategy more at the earlier stage, compromise strategy more in the mid stage, and collaboration strategy more at the later stage of the interpersonal conflict. In relation to power, nurses use the collaboration strategy or the compromise strategy more when their perceived power is greater than or equal to their counterpart's, and they use the avoidance strategy or the accommodation strategy if their power is less. In terms of source of power, nurses' perceived relative power is greater in the order of referent power. expert power, reward power, legitimate power. and coercive power. where referent power is perceived as having the greatest power and coercive power is least. Most nurses(69.3%) used their power to resolve a conflict. with positive outcomes. Expert power was used most frequently. Overall. this study strongly indicates that the enhancement of power of nurses to have equal power relations with doctors would heighten the success of conflict resolution, since power is the main cause of conflicts. Specifcally. nurses experience most conflicts with doctors against whom they perceive the greatest gap in power. and the choice of a conflict management strategy depend upon their power relations.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.133-143
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• 2018

The purposes of this study was to investigate how interpersonal relationship stress had the impact on job attitude and turnover intention. To perform this study, total 420 questionnaire were distributed to regular hotel employees from October 16th to November 26th in 2017. Unworkable data were excluded, and final 344 usable responses were obtained for an empirical analysis. Frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were measured by using SPSS 18.0, respectively. For the study structure, interpersonal relationship stress primarily concentrated on the boss/staff/colleague/customer stress. Job attitude was divided into organization commitment and job satisfaction. Transfer intention was a single factor. The results of this study were shown as follows: Hypothesis 1, boss/customer stress have a negative effect on organization commitment and boss/colleague/customer stress have a negative effect on job satisfaction. Hypothesis 2, boss/customer stress have a positive effect on transfer intention. Hypothesis 3, tissue commitment have a negative effect on transfer intention. This results of this study have shown that stress management of employee is a source of management result in hotel business. This study have given to the hotel's human resource management and internal marketing for the practical implication and academical use.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.115-137
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• 2013

This study aims to confirm the effect of different types of interpersonal stress factors of private security officers that are prevalent in the course of carrying out their duties on job satisfaction and turnover intention. The authors have examined 175 of the 200 survey questionnaires distributed to the employees of private security firms located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province in December 2012. The result of the analysis indicates that the primary source of stress in the private security officers is the interaction with customers, followed by the relationships with colleagues and superior officers. In addition, colleague-related stress is found to be the only interpersonal stress factor with a statistically significant negative effect on job satisfaction, while both the stress from the relationships with colleagues and superior officers are positively correlated with turnover intention. Furthermore, the colleague-related stress is revealed to mediate job satisfaction which has a statistically significant effect on turnover intention. The result from the study emphasizes the importance of managing the interpersonal stress in private security officers and confirms the necessity of effectively handling the stressful situations in the relationships with colleagues. Moreover, in order to raise job satisfaction levels and minimize turnover which is vital in accomplishing the goal of each organization, causal factors of the stress need to be recognized and handled appropriately. This will provide the future research with an insight into the effective interpersonal stress management and examining other factors of job satisfaction and turnover intention of private security officers.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.29-47
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• 2007

Threat is one special type of communication whereby one conveys opinion, knowledge, or attitude to another with an intention to influence and modify the latter's opinion or behavior. This research aims at identifying the antecedents and the effectiveness of threats applied in the process of purchasing decision-making. The research model integrates constructs derived from the literature of diverse discipline. The framework suggested explains the relative effects of threats, is tested empirically to verify the impacts on the influenced target's opinions and behaviors in buying centers. Data are collected from CAPM's members in Taiwan, and 208 respondents served as targets in the interpersonal relationships. LISREL findings indicate that threats are effective in winning a target's compliance. Additionally, influencing source's characteristics affect the choice of threats more strongly than target characteristics do. The relative ability of dependence on the source to cause manifest influence is even more significant than that of threats. Overall, the results of this study appear consistent with behavioral theories and research.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.91-129
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• 2023

This paper reports the findings of a multimodal study conducted on 10 travel blog posts about Vietnam by seven British professional travel bloggers. The study takes a sociolinguistic view to tourism by seeing travel blogs as a source for linguistic and other semiotic materials while considering language as situated practice for the social construction of fundamental categories such as "human," "society," and "nation." It borrows concepts from Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistics for interpersonal metafunction to develop an analytical framework to study how the co-occurrence of text and still images in these travel blog posts formulated the portrayal of Vietnam as a tourism destination and indicated the main sociolinguistic features of the blogs. The analysis of appreciation values and interactive qualities encoded in evaluative adjectives and still images show that Vietnam is generally portrayed as a country of identity and diversity. It provides tourists with positive experiences in terms of places of interest, food and local lifestyles and is cost-competitive. Strangerhood and authenticity are two outstanding sociolinguistic features exhibited in these travel blog posts. The findings of this study also underline the co-contribution of the linguistic sign, in this case evaluative adjectives, and the visual sign, in this case still images, as interpersonal meaning-making resources. To portray Vietnam, still images served as integral elements to evidence the credibility of verbal narrations. To unveil sociolinguistic characteristics of travel blogs, still images supported the linguistic realizations of authenticity and strangerhood on the posts, and in some case delivered an even stronger message than words. Not only does the study present a source of feedback from international travelers to tourism practice in Vietnam, but it also provides insights into multimodal analysis of tourism discourse which remains an under-researched area in Vietnam.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.209-218
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• 2017

This study examined the influence of social support (social support from family, social support from friends), psychological behavioral characteristics (self-esteem, interpersonal dependency, locus of control), and stress on the depression levels of college students. The study subjects were 546 college students in D city. The survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire in October 2015. As a result, the depression levels were significantly higher in the group showing lower family and friends' social support, self-esteem, and locus of control, while it was significantly higher in the group showing higher interpersonal dependency and stress. The depression levels of the subjects showed a negative correlation with family and friends' social support, self-esteem, and locus of control, but a positive correlation with interpersonal dependency and stress. Covariance structure analysis revealed an increase in the depression levels of college students when the awareness of the stress source was higher, and when the awareness of social support or psychological behavioral characteristics was lower. These results suggest that the depression levels of college students would be increased when the social support and psychological behavioral characteristics are low, and when stress is high. In particular, it was influenced much more by stress than other factors. Therefore, to decrease the depression levels of college students, it would be necessary to put efforts to understand their main stress sources and then reduce them.