• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2012

The engine oil is an oil used for lubrication of various internal combustion engines. Recently, the vehicle and engine oil manufacture usually guarantee for oil change over 15000~20000 km mileage, but the most of driver usually change engine oil every 5000 km driving in Korea. In this case, it is possible to cause environmental contamination by used engine oil and increase the cost of driving by frequently oil change. In this study, we investigate the various physical properties such as flash point, pour point, kinematic viscosity, cold cranking simulator, total acid number, and four-ball test for fresh engine oil and used engine oil after vehicle driving (5000 km, 10000 km). The test result showed that the total acid number and wear scar by four-ball test of used engine oil had increased than fresh engine oil, but 2 kind of used oil (5000 km and 10000 km) had similar physical properties.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.338-342
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• 2008

Hybrid Electric Vehicle(HEV) is driven by an internal-combustion engine and an electric motor. It is a combination of an internal-combustion engine and several electrical equipments which use a high voltage battery, an electric motors, an inverter and others. But there is not any separate detailed enforcement regulations for high voltage electric appliances in the existing vehicle-related safety standards. So, test standards suggestion as well as test technique development need to be done for ensuring electrical safety, for an electric motor, a high voltage battery, a(n) inverter/converter and an electric power transmission units and other equipments to ensure the safety of high voltage electric appliances which is the HEV key electrical component. In this paper, We are to provide helpful data to support test technique development and test standard establishment for HEV design and electrical safety security by the following methods; by measuring the voltage, the electric current, and the frequency of HEV, by analyzing electrical characteristics of high voltage electric appliances, and by analyzing temperature characteristics of the electrical current among the analyzed electrical characteristics by thermal imagining cameras.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제49권7호
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• pp.529-537
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• 2021

스크램제트 엔진을 갖는 초고속 비행체로 풍동실험을 수행하였다. 스크램제트 엔진은 별도의 압축기가 없기 때문에 간단한 구조를 갖고 있지만 연소실에서 초음속 연소가 일어날 수 있도록 흡입구를 설계하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 연소실 직전에 있는 격리부 출구면 압력 측정을 통해 내부 유동 특성 및 흡입구 시동 조건을 판단하였고 흡입구 성능 변수를 계산하여 마하수 별로 결과를 비교하였다. 유동관통형 초고속 비행체의 공력 특성도 분석하였고 정확한 공력 특성 분석을 위해서 내부 항력 보정이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 내부 항력 보정을 위해 세 가지 프로브를 이용한 실험 기법을 제시하였다. 내부 항력 보정을 적용하여 내부 유동이 비행체 공력에 미치는 영향을 파악할 수 있었다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2011

Fossil fuel, the energy source of internal combustion engine automobiles, is limited in resource and has caused environmental issues for decades. Accordingly, automobile manufacturers from many countries around the world are developing or producing eco-friendly vehicles that utilize alternative sources of energy. These vehicles are equipped with many electronic and electrical components which operate on high voltage and/or large current that were not used in conventional combustion engine automobiles. In this paper, in order to analyze the electro-magnetic interference noise, electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles are tested under the guidelines of KMVSS (Korean Motor Vehicle Safety Standards) as well as under test modes that are not stipulated under the guidelines.

• Journal of East Asia Management
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.75-90
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• 2024

About 100 years after the start of mass production by American car maker Ford in 1913, the automobile industry has come to a major transformation in 100 years. In this transformation period, automakers are facing the biggest challenge of converting power sources, the basis of automobiles, from existing internal combustion engines to electric vehicles. Hybrid vehicles have been released in Japan since the late 1990s, and changes in automobile power sources have occurred early. In order to gain global leadership in hybrid vehicles, Japanese automakers and the Japanese government joined forces to promote the growth of the domestic hybrid vehicle market. The government has implemented a policy to substantially subsidize the high price of hybrid cars compared to internal combustion engine cars by providing purchase subsidies and tax benefits to buyers. Toyota has increased its line-up of hybrid cars around the Prius and has further strengthened communication with customers for the sale of hybrid vehicles. As a result of continuing these efforts for about 20 years, the percentage of Japan's hybrid vehicle market in 2022 reached 51% for passenger cars. Recently, each country has been setting and promoting aggressive goals for electric vehicles that require a wider range of physical and institutional infrastructure than hybrid vehicles. This study aims to assess the growth of electric vehicles by looking at the trend of hybrid vehicles and how they've been distributed in the Japanese market.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.661-667
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• 2018

Electric vehicles are taken a long time to charge and are restricted driving where charging infrastructure was not sufficiently constructed. The vehicle developed to solve these problems is a plug-in hybrid vehicle. It is possible to drive a certain distance by using electric motor and when the battery runs out, it operate the engine. Plug-in hybrid vehicle have a complicated structure and a lot of parts comparing a general vehicle because the electric parts and the internal combustion engine are installed together. Therefore, as the aging (mileage) of the plug-in hybrid vehicle, the influence which change of fuel consumption is expected to be larger than a general vehicle, but an experimental data are lacking. In this paper, we cumulate a mileage of the plug-in hybrid vehicle about 15,000 km and measured the fuel economy when the cumulated distance reached within 160 km, 6,500 km, 15,000 km respectively, by using domestic public test method. For measuring fuel economy of the vehicle, CD mode (driving distance on a single charge) which use only motor and the CS mode which operate motor and combustion engine were measured respectively. As a result, the fuel economy slightly increased at cumulated mileage of 6,500 km compared to the 160 km and the fuel economy of 15,000 km was similar to 160 km.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2003

The 42V Mild Hybrid System has been released into market by Toyota for the first time in the world in 2001. The set-up employs an inverter unit to control the motor/generator (MG) electronically. The driving system called such as Toyota Mild Hybrid System (TMHS) has additional new functions to conventional internal combustion engines. When stopping vehicle, the engine stops promptly. When starting vehicle, by releasing the brake pedal MG starts the vehicle at the same time (EV-driving mode). When stepping on the accelerator pedal, or after a given period of time the engine firing occurs and the engine-driving mode starts. When running by motor, the power is supplied to the motor from 36V battery through the inverter. High outputs and instant responses are required for Inverter. At the same time, the compact volume is required to fit into the limited space of the engine room. The compact size and high output are also required to Power Capacitor used for this inverter. The power capacitors has been newly developed, shaped in "flat" type, suitably for the inverter. The points of developments on inverter and power capacitor are described in this paper.his paper.

• 에너지공학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2011

2020년을 목표로 한 국내 중기 온실가스 감축목표가 2009년에 발표된 이후 다양한 온실가스 방안들이 제시되고 있다. 국내 중기 온실가스 감축목표에서는 수송부문의 경우, 현재의 경제성장률을 감안하여 2020년에 약 30% 정도의 배출가스를 줄여야 한다. 수송부문 중에서도 승용차 부문의 주요 감축수단으로서 전기차가 고려되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 손익분기점 분석을 통해 기존 내연기관차와 전기차에 대하여 다양한 시나리오별 분석을 실시하였다. 이를 통해 단기적으로 내연기관차에 비해 경제성 면에서 불리한 전기차에 대한 보조금 정책 도입의 타당성을 제시하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2023

저탄소 자동차가 미래의 자동차 시장을 주도할 것으로 인식되고 있지만, 기존 내연기관 자동차보다 높은 가격과 관련 인프라 부족 등의 장애물로 인해 보급 확대에 여전히 많은 어려움이 있습니다. 본 연구는 아시아 선진국과 자동차 시장의 성숙도를 앞선 한국과 일본의 저탄소 자동차 판매현황과 정책대응을 비교한 것이다.본 연구의 결과는 차세대 저탄소 자동차의 미래 방향에 대한 학계 및 관련 산업 및 정책적 시사점을 제공하는데 목적이 있다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2015

최근 고고도 장기체공 무인기의 개발이 활발하게 진행되고 있는 가운데, 중량당 에너지 밀도가 높아서 왕복동 엔진의 연료로서 적합한 수소 연료를 적용하는 것이 경제성과 기술성 측면에서 유리한 것으로 검토되었다. 본 연구에서는 2.4리터급 왕복동 가솔린엔진을 수소엔진으로 개조하기 위하여 수소연료를 공급하기 위한 실험장치를 구축하고 수소연료 공급이 가능한 인젝터를 장착하였으며 범용 엔진제어기를 이용하여 엔진을 구동시킴으로써 시동 및 공회전 시의 연소 특성을 파악하였다. 안전하게 엔진 시동성을 확보하였고 공회전 상태를 유지할 수 있는 조건을 탐색하였다. 또한 공회전 상태에서 공연비와 점화 타이밍을 변경해보면서 연소 안정성을 비롯한 기본적인 연소 특성을 살펴봄으로써 향후 수소엔진을 활용한 무인기의 동력원을 개발하기 위한 기초를 마련하였다.