• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2013

The aim of this dissertation is establishing internal indicator list for achieving policy goal of Carbon Neutrality Green City. First of all, it started to construct the basic system of planning indicator based on through comprehension of current studies such as advanced researches, government guidelines and green building certifications. And then it was set up final indicator list through inspecting FGI (Focus Group Interview), Verification of suitability, and Analysis of importance). As a result of this research, the planning indicator divided three steps and there were classified four fields in the top-level; Green Land and Ecology, Green Energy, Green Resource and Transportation, Green Living and Institution. According to the data, it deducted four items (ratio of green land, site plan, heat island and management of climate, base of nature ecology) and twelve index in the field of green land and ecology, three item(energy conservation and self-supporting, energy efficiency, new regeneration energy) and twelve index in the field of green energy and regeneration, five items(water resources utilize and circulation, other resource reduction and circulation, public transportation, green transportation plan) and fifteen index. Totally, Planning Indicators of forty nine were deducted. Therefore, there was the result of importance analysis that the indicators of plan and maintain management as the side of space for carbon neutrality were more appreciated than carbon reduction of individual building.

• Solar Energy
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.85-91
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• 1999

This study represented experimental research on the flat-plate solar collector. The heat performances were measured the tube array surface temperature by thermal-couple. The solar collector($W{\times}H$) of $580{\times}1100$, various tilt angles of 30, 45, 60 degree and the internal tube number of 4, 6, 8, 10(ea) were utilized in the present investigation. It is found that the thermal concentration is higher as the tilt angle become larger and the solar tubes are more and more. In this stuby obtained results of following: The array of tubes in collector has the best nice in that the number of tube is eight and the tilt angle is 60 degree. The collect energy by each tube array shown high value by increase the number of tubes and tilt angles. In addition to, the collect energy depends on by the tilt angle than the number of tube.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 2018

In the present study, the mechanical behavior of the spray-formed high speed steel was investigated employing the internal variable theory of inelastic deformation. Special attention was focused on the effect of the microstructure evolution during the hot working process, such as the distribution of carbides to provide a basic database for the production condition of high speed steels with excellent properties. The billets of high speed steel ASP30TM were fabricated by a spray forming, and the subsequently hot-rolled and heat-treated process to obtain uniformly distributed carbide structure. As noted the spray-formed high speed steel showed relatively coarser carbides than hot-rolled and heat-treated one with fine and uniformly distributed carbide structure. The step strain rate tests and high temperature tensile tests were carried out on both the spray-formed and the hot-rolled specimens, to elucidate their high temperature deformation behavior. The spray-formed high speed steel showed much higher flow stress and lower elongation than the hot-rolled and heat-treated steel. During the tensile test at $900^{\circ}C$, the interruption of the deformation for 100 seconds was conducted to reveal that the recovery was a main dynamic deformation mechanism of spray formed high speed steel. The internal variable theory of the inelastic deformation was used to analyze data from the step strain rate tests, revealing that the activation energies for hot deformation of as-spray-formed and hot-worked steels, which were 157.1 and 278.9 kJ/mol, and which were corresponding to the dislocation core and lattice diffusions of ${\gamma}-Fe$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.147-158
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• 2004

Objectives : This study was aimed to investigate the methods for acupuncture and moxibustional treatment to insomnia Methods : The insomnia is classified by seven cause at main subject. According to this, arrange the acupuncture and moxibustional treatment for classical books, and explain eight meridian related to insomnia. Results : 1. Insomnia means deficiency of sleeping and it is the word generally used when a short period of sleeping, difficulty for deep sleeping and difficulty for recovery of original vital energy comes out. In oriental medicine, they understand that uneasiness condition occurred by abnormal operation of the internal organs as heart, liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, kidney, etc. caused by external affection or internal injury becomes Insomnia. 2. Cause of insomnia can be classified majorly as fire-transformation of liver and gallbladder , inner shaking of phlegm-heat , insufficiency of both the heart and the spleen, disharmony between heat and kidney, the dysfunction of the stomach, timidity of heart and gallbladder, the deficiency of Qi of the lung. They make insomnia with bad influence upon body and spirit. 3. The meridian system such as Heart Meridian of Hand Soeum, Pericardium Meridian of Hand Gworeum, Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangmyeong, Spleen Meridian of Foot Taeeum, Bladder Meridian of Foot Taeyang, Kidney Meridian of Foot Soeum, Gallbladder Meridian of Foot Soyang, Liver Meridian of Foot Gworeum and Lung Meridian of Hand Taeeum are used to treat insomnia. Sinmun acupoint and Naegwan acupoint are often used in particular because the they are good for calmming the spirit, the heart and purging the heart of (pathogenic) fire. 4. Especialy, Back-Su points of Bladder Meridian of Foot Taeyang was used by each causes. The Back-su Points was mainly used for heal the insomnia because the Back-Su points has good competent to control the ability of internal organs by direct effect to it. It is because the vitality flows through around back-Su. Conclusions : It comes to a conclusion as follows with research for relevancy of the main cause of insomnia and meridian system includes meridian point.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.110-115
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• 2010

This study was conducted to estimate the feasibility using thermal image measurement that is applicable to internal leak diagnosis for the power plant valve. Abnormal heating of valve surface associated with high temperature steam f10w toward valve outlet side in the condition of low temperature is a primary indicator of leakage problems in high temperature and pressure valves. Thermal imaging enables to see the invisible thermal radiation that may portend impending damage before their condition becomes critical. When steam flow in valve outlet side in the condition of low temperature is converted into heat transmitted through the valve body due to the internal leakage in valve. The existence of abnormally increasable leakage rate in the valve will result in abnormally high levels of heat to be generated that can be quickly identified with a thermal image avoiding energy loss or damage of valve component. From the experimental results, it was suggested that the thermal image measurement could be an effective way to precisely diagnose and evaluate internal leak situation of valve.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.36-51
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• 1990

A parametric study of the thermal effects of a half-circumferential grooved journal bearings under aligned and misaligned conditions has been carried out by solving numerically the coupled Reynolds and energy equation system. Five different sets of boundary conditions for the energy equation have been used which include mixing between recirculating oil and inlet oil and a contraction ratio for the cavitation region. The effects of changes of the inlet oil temperature and pressure, the wall temperature and the L/D ratio have also been examined. For the range of parameters found in internal combustion engines, the mixing effectiveness at the groove and the resulting final mixture temperature have been found to be as important as the wall temperature and the heat transfer rate. The variability of the temperature, though, has been shown to smooth out the peaks of both pressure and friction during misaligned condition Distributions of friction and pressure in the oil are also examined which may be useful in attempts to reduce friction without reducing load. Results for an axial grooved bearing are also presentsed for comparision purpose.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.275-284
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• 1997

Thermodynamic behavior of a composite system which is composed of two simple thermal subsystems with constant heat capacities is analyzed, and several thermodynamic phenomena are investigated. The changes of the states and the potential work of the composite system are shown as the interaction between the subsystems in the composite system. The potential work is defined as the possible maximum available work from the composite system, and it is a thermodynamic property of the composite system. The decrease of the potential work is the same as the available work output from the composite system in reversible processes. The dissipation of available work is directly connected to the generation of entropy. The concepts of exergy and internal energy can be explained as a special case of the potential work.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.526-531
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• 2009

This paper suggests the dehydration and RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel) production of organic sludge, livestock manure and sewerage sludge causing environmental problems, with hydrothermal pre-treatment process. The renewable technology from the organic wastes must involve short treatment time required, reusable energy source, anti-odor and viruses, low cost for the treatment, and well-fertilization. The hydrothermal pre-treatment process promotes to evaporate moisture in the sludge after being shortly treated in a reactor, which is supplied steam and heat by an external boiler, due to the pressure with steam breaks the cell walls of the sludge, so this process removes the internal moisture of the cell. Then, the treated sludge(solid-state) is mixed with waste vinyls called RDF(6,706kcal/kg).

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.157-166
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• 2008

1. Vertigo and dizziness is also called as Mok-hyun, Hyun-mo, Pung-hyun, Du-pung-hyun-un, Du-sun. 2. Causes and processes of Vertigo and dizziness are mainly divided into external infection and internal damage. Wind, cold, dampness and summer heat are included in the one and in the other, vital energy and blood deficiency, insufficiency of the liver and kidney, retention of phlegm and fluid, emotional disorder and so on. 3. Symptoms of vertigo and dizziness are disequilibrium, nausea, inability of hearing, vomiting, sweating and syncope. 4. Treating of vertigo and dizziness are recovery of vital energy and blood deficiency, strenthening of insufficiency of the liver and kidney, drying of dampness and removing of phlegm.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.386-391
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• 2001

In this paper, the vibration characteristics of IHTS(Intermediate Heat Transfer System) piping system of LMR(Liquid Metal Reactor) conveying hot liquid sodium are investigated to eliminate the pipe supports for economic reasons. To do this, a 3-dimensional straight pipe element and a curved pipe element conveying fluid are formulated using the dynamic stiffness method of the wave approach and coded to be applied to any complex piping system. Using this method, the dynamic characteristics including the natural frequency, the frequency response functions, and the dynamic instability due to the pipe internal flow velocity are analyzed. As one of the design parameters, the vibration energy flow is also analyzed to investigate the disturbance transmission paths for the resonant excitation and the non-resonant excitations.