• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cold therapy and thermal therapy, and immunoreactivity of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), Interleukin-1(IL-1) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) on angiogenesis after muscle contusion injury. Methods : Muscle contusion injury was induced in the gastronemius muscle by dropping a metal bead(22.8g). Cold and thermal theraphy was applied immediately and directly to the skin of injured muscle daily for three days. (experimental group-1 : $5^{\circ}$ cold pack, experimental group-2 : $50^{\circ}$ hot pack, control group non applied, treatment time : 10minutes) Results : The experimental group-1 and 2 showed higher immunoreactivity of VEGF, IL-1, IL-6 than control group during 3 days(P<0.05). And the experimental group-2 showed higher than the experimental group-1 especially VEGF(P<0.05). Conclusion : There data thermal therapy was more effective than cold therapy in the acute muscle contusion injury.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.363-372
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• 2020

Gardenia jasminoides (GJ) is a widely used herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory properties, but its effects on the ORAI1 channel, which is important in generating intracellular calcium signaling for T cell activation, remain unknown. In this study, we investigated whether 70% ethanolic GJ extract (GJ_EtOH) and its subsequent fractions inhibit ORAI1 and determined which constituents contributed to this effect. Whole-cell patch clamp analysis revealed that GJ_EtOH (64.7% ± 3.83% inhibition at 0.1 mg/ml) and all its fractions showed inhibitory effects on the ORAI1 channel. Among the GJ fractions, the hexane fraction (GJ_HEX, 66.8% ± 9.95% at 0.1 mg/ml) had the most potent inhibitory effects in hORAI1-hSTIM1 co-transfected HEK293T cells. Chemical constituent analysis revealed that the strong ORAI1 inhibitory effect of GJ_HEX was due to linoleic acid, and in other fractions, we found that genipin inhibited ORAI1. Genipin significantly inhibited I_ORAI1 and interleukin-2 production in CD3/CD28-stimulated Jurkat T lymphocytes by 35.9% ± 3.02% and 54.7% ± 1.32% at 30 μM, respectively. Furthermore, the same genipin concentration inhibited the proliferation of human primary CD4⁺ T lymphocytes stimulated with CD3/CD28 antibodies by 54.9% ± 8.22%, as evaluated by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester assay. Our findings suggest that genipin may be one of the active components of GJ responsible for T cell suppression, which is partially mediated by activation of the ORAI1 channel. This study helps us understand the mechanisms of GJ in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.503-509
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• 2011

Jakyaktang(芍藥湯; JYT) exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity in widely intestinal disease, but its mechanism was undisclosed. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of JYT on pharmacological and biochemical actions in inflammation, we examined the effect of JYT on pro-inflammatory mediators in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus A23187-induced mast cell and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. The investigation focused on whether JYT inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) in PMA plus A23187- induced HMC-1 cells and inflammatory madiators such as nitric oxide (NO), TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We found that JYT inhibited LPS-induced NO, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 productions as well as the expressions of iNOS and COX-2. These results suggest that JYT has inhibitory effects on mast cell-mediated and macropage-mediated inflammation.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 1990

생체내 중요한 면역조절물질의 하나인 IL-l은 주로 Macrophage로부터 분비되어 각종 면역반응에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있는데 이러한 Macrophage에 의한 IL-I 생성에 미치는 Histamine의 효과를 검토하고자 Mac-rophage-like cell line인 $P388D^1$세포에 의한 IL-1생성에 미치는 Histamine의 첨가효과는 $10^-^8M~10^-^3M$에 이르기까지 전 범위에서 농도의존적으로 IL,-1생성을 촉진시켰으며 첨가후 배양시간에 있어서는 24~36시간이 가장 크게 상승되었다. Histamine에 의한 Macropahge로 부터의 IL-1생성은 EGTA 및 $Co^2^+$의 첨가로 인하여 농도의존적으로 저하되었으며 이 결과는 Histamine의 IL-1 생성촉진작용이 세포내로의 $Ca^2^+uptake가 signal 역할을 하고 있음을 시사한다. $P388D_1$세포로의 $Ca^2^+$uptake양을 동정한 결과는 Histamine의 $10^-^7M$에서 $10^-^3M$까지 농도의존적으로 $Ca^2^+3M$유입이 촉진되는 결과를 나타내었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1995

Alveolar macrophages play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of silicosis since the macrophages may release a wide variety of toxic and inflammatory mediators as well as mitogenic growth factors. In the present study, the effects of in vitro exposure to silica on release of various mediator such as reactive oxygen species, platelet activating factor(PAF), and interleukin-1 (IL-1) by alveolar macrophages were examined. First, hydrogen peroxide release from alveolar macrophages was monitored by measuring the change in fluorescence of scopoletin in the absence or presence of graded concentration of silica. Significantly enhanced release of hydrogen peroxide was observed at 0.5 mg/ml and above. A maximal enhancement of 10 fold above control was observed at 5 mg/ml silica. Similarly, in vitro exposure to silica also significantly stimulated the generation of chemiluminescence from alveolar macrophages at 0.5 mg/ml and above with n maximal enhancement of 8 fold at 5 mg/ml silica. Second, PAF release from alveolar macrophages after 30 min incubation at $37^{\circ}C$ in absence or presence of zymosan and silica was determined by measuring $^{3}H-serotonin$ release ability of the conditioned macrophage supernates from platelets. 5 mg/ml zymosan as a positive control fur the PAF assay increased PAF release by 19 % of total serotonin release. Furthermore, silica also resulted in significant enhancement of the PAF release compared with that in unstimulated (control) cells, i.e., $17.7{\pm}5.8%$ and $24.0{\pm}4.9%$ of total serotonin release at 5 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml silica, respectively, which represents the release of nanomole levels of PAF. Lastly, IL-1 production by alveolar macrophages was analysed following their stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and silica by their capacity to stimulate thymocyte proliferation. $10\;{\mu}g/ml$ LPS resulted in an 11 fold increase in IL-1 production. In comparison, $50\;{\mu}g/ml$ silica resulted in a 4 fold increase in IL-1 release. These data indicate that in vitro exposure of alveolar macrophages to silica activates the release of various bioactive mediators such as reactive oxygen species, PAF and IL-1 which thus contribute to amplification of inflammatory reactions and regulation of fibrotic responses by the lung after inhalation of silica.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.94-110
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• 2005

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of Kamikwibitang water extract (KKT) on immobilization stress in C57BL/6J mice. KKT decreased the serum level of histamine and corticosterone increased by immobilization stress. In addition, KKT decreased the cell viability of thymocytes and enhanced the cell viability of splenocytes decreased by immobilization stress. Also, KKT decreased the viability of thymocytes and splenocytes in vitro. KKT decreased DNA fragmentation of splenocytes increased by immobilization stress. KKT decreased the population of thymic $CD4^+CD8^-$ cells increased by immobilization stress, and did not affect the population of $B220^+$ cells and the population of $Thy1^+$ cells changed by immobilization stress and enhanced the population of splenic $CD4^-CD8^+$ cells increased by immobilization stress. KKT enhanced the production of ${\gamma}-interferon$ and did not affect the production of interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 decreased by immobilization stress. Also, KKT decreased the phagocytic activity and the level of nitric oxide decreased by immobilization stress. These results indicate that KKT may be useful for the prevention and treatment of stress via suppression of serum histamine and corticosterone level and enhancement of specific-immune response.

• 생약학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2019

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and gums pull away from the teeth and form spaces. The main goal of treatment is to control the infection and anti-inflammation. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark (EU) is a traditional Korean herbal used for the treatment of arthritis and hypertension. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of EU in Porphyromonas gingivalis-LPS (LPS-PG) induced YD-38 epithelial cells. We observed significant inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production and the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-PG-induced YD-38 cells. These results support that EU has an anti-inflammatory effects for the treatment of periodontitis.

• BMB Reports
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• 제52권8호
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• pp.508-513
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• 2019

In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of ${\alpha}-lipoic$ acid (LA) and decursinol (Dec) hybrid compound LA-Dec were evaluated and compared with its prodrugs, LA and Dec. LA-Dec dose-dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) generation in BV2 mouse microglial cells. On the other hand, no or mild inhibitory effect was shown by the Dec and LA, respectively. LA-Dec demonstrated dose-dependent protection from activation-induced cell death in BV2 cells. LA-Dec, but not LA or Dec individually, inhibited LPS-induced increased expressions of induced NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) proteins in a dose-dependent manner in both BV2 and mouse macrophage, RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, LA-Dec inhibited LPS-induced expressions of iNOS, COX-2, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, and $interleukin-1{\beta}$ mRNA in BV2 cells, whereas the same concentration of LA or Dec was ineffective. Signaling studies demonstrated that LA-Dec inhibited LPS-activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and protein kinase B activation, but not nuclear factor-kappa B or mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. The data implicate LA-Dec hybrid compound as a potential therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases of the peripheral and central nervous systems.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2013

Objectives : Allergy is an immune dysfunction caused by degranulation from mast cells in the early phase of allergic disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-allergic effect of fermented Angelicae gigantis Radix in human mast cell line, HMC-1. Method : The Angelicae gigantis Radix was fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus. The cell toxicity of fermented Angelicae gigantis Radix(FAGR) was determined by MTT assay. The release of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase from HMC-1 stimulated by phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus A23187 was determined by ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase assay. Also, the concentrations of cytokines (interleukin-$1{\beta}$, -6, -8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The gene expression of COX-2 from HMC-1 stimulated by phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus A23187 was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The release of histamine on substance P-stimulated HMC-1 was measured by histamine assay. Result : The FAGR suppressed the release of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase, a marker of degranulation, from HMC-1 stimulated by PMA plus A23187. The FAGR inhibited the production of interleukin-$1{\beta}$, -6, -8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The FAGR inhibited the expression of COX-2 mRNA. The FAGR suppressed the release of histamine on substance P-stimulated HMC-1. Conclusion : These results provide that FAGR may be beneficial in the treatment of allergic inflammatory disease.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 Helianthus annuus (Sunflower) seed oil의 in vitro 시험 및 인체적용시험을 통해 항염 효과와 피부 보습, 피지 분비, 피부 장벽기능 개선 및 피부 진정 등 피부 개선 효과를 확인하였다. In vitro 시험 결과, lipopolysaccharide로 염증 반응을 유도한 각질형성세포(cultured human epidermal keratinocytes)에 H. annuus (Sunflower) seed oil을 처리하였을 때 염증성 사이토카인인 IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α가 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하여 항염 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 H. annuus (Sunflower) seed oil을 함유한 시험제품을 제조하여 민감성 피부 대상으로 4 주간 인체적용시험한 결과, 피부 보습, 피지 분비, 피부 장벽이 개선되었으며, 피부 붉은기와 트러블이 개선되는 등 피부 개선 효과를 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 민감성 피부를 타겟으로 한 화장품 원료로서 H. annuus (Sunflower) seed oil의 가능성을 확인하였다.