• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to propose evaluation factors for elementary school facility in terms of educational adequacy. The focal point of this study is to clarify the proper measure of educational facility evaluation in the light of specific characteristics of facility. In order to improve the level of educational adequacy, more information is needed regarding school facility design and various factors which affect to the design. This is important works because such information is essential in implementing facility design to meet the needs of the new educational policy. To get the goal, first, it is attempted to analyse the meaning of design information which deeply affect on the school facility design. The design information is classified into three main aspects, such as human aspect, social aspect and physical aspect. The design information regarding the physical space verses human psychology and behavior belongs to category of human aspect. Pedagogic ideology which varies depend upon the time and regions is classified into the category of social aspect. The Physical aspect means efficient equipment performance of space to support educational activities effectively. Secondly, as for the educational adequacy evaluation concern, it is attempted to select more items which usually has been neglected by the existing evaluation criteria which mainly emphasized functional performances only. With the premise of the above, in this paper, it is attempted to propose proper evaluation factors in terms of educational adequacy for school facilities. As the research methods, researching of literature on this subject, field trip, interview, site analysis, and survey is used.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.124-132
• /
• 2009

Recently, 'Emotion' has attracted public attention socially and continuously in the fields such as construction, environment, design and products. Also, phenomenological concept of space through the physique in the viewpoint of the human-oriented aspect, namely, body, has been managed as a planned measure suitable for a new era and space. In this study, the author examined and analyzed the verbs and emotional vocabulary about the human body's behavior. The phenomenological space conception through body, i.e, flesh in this human centered point of view is being treated as the suitable planning measure on the new era and space. Though the epochal issue for Emotion is being attempted in many ways in various field such as product and marketing, the approach through the relationship between human and space. Therefore, we would like to see how the Emotion related to the movement that occurs in the space by analyzing the human body movement which is the subject of experiencing the space experimentally and research the characteristic of Emotion and space movement. SPSS 12.0 was used for the analysis to perform the analysis of basic statistics and Factor Analysis, and then to analyze the characteristic and emotional attribute for the experimental analysis. Comparing the activity for the 2 groups' behavior through the analyzed result with the test, active behavior was found to be higher than inactive behavior in the emotional value, and their bodies' motion showed averagely positive value in the emotional aspect; their bodies' motion was presented differently according to the attributes and amount of the people who would experience a specific space. However, the author found that affirmative and active behavior showed emotional aspect more than inactive behavior.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.221-228
• /
• 2009

Recently severity of ecological adaptation and climatic change due to global warming grows larger. According to the fourth report of IPCC in 2007, emission quantity of the earth greenhouse gas(GHGs) generated by activity of mankind increased with 80% since 1970. And it is forecasted that worldwide greenhouse gas will be increased with 25~90%(corresponding to $CO_2$) between 2000 and 2030. This increment of greenhouse gas($CO_2$) is expected to raise average temperature of the earth with the maximum $6.4^{\circ}C$, and sea surface with 59cm in 2090. Like this, destruction of environment by greenhouse gas is regarded as universal problem threatening the existence, not only the problem of one nation. Consequently, systematic correspondence to the global warming at the aspect of energy consumption is also needed in Korea. From the analysis result of 'Statistics of Energy Consumption' published by Green Korea in 2007, energy consumption increment of domestic universities was higher as many as 3.7 times than 22.5% of the whole energy consumption increment in our country. This says to be the direct example which shows that universities are huge sources of greenhouse gas emission. New constructing and enlarging buildings of each universities within campus are the most major reason for such a large increment of energy consumption in universities. The opinion that the possibility of causing energy waste and efficiency reduction is raised by increased buildings of universities has been propounded. That is, universities should make concrete goal and the plan for reducing emission of green house gas against climatic change, and should practice. Accordingly, there is the meaning that 2 aspects of environment-friendly design characteristics, that is application of energy utilizing technology, material usage of energy efficiency-side and environment-side, and introduction of natural element in the environmental aspect, were analyzed for facilities of university campus designed in environment-friendly point of view from initial stage of plan, and direction of environment-friendly design of university facilities in the future was groped in order to grasp environment-friendly design tendency of internal and external University facilities based on this analysis of this paper.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.3-15
• /
• 2010

The high-rise building is a dramatic phenomenon and a powerful expression of architecture in the modern civilization. The architecture of these high-rise buildings has been developed with mutual contributions of architectural aesthetic form and advanced technologies. Architecturally the significant evolution of tall buildings from ancient towers is a "change of function" from some religious symbols to a commercial concept that has aesthetically become acceptable with the changing of modern society and culture driven by a technological evolution. Generally, this commercial function in the evolution of high-rise building is office where high-rise working style is simply a necessity to meet quantitative market demands since this style in major cities around world has been changed from low-rise to high-rise during the last several decades in influenced of the modern industrial society. To achieve optimum spaces with architectural aesthetics in the high-rise building, the design has become collaborative, requiring the input of architects, engineers, economists, and other consultants. Hence, architects must deeply understand the basic planning theories of high-rise buildings and try to find optimum planning between architectural aesthetics and other issues. For the approach, we can firstly start with measurement and analysis of the planning use situation for major planning issues of high-rise buildings in practice. Therefore, this study is to analysis Design Elements and to find commonly used planning strategies, tectonic, of high-rise building in practice. It will give a chance to confirm commonly used planning and then becomes the starting point of the planning development of high-rise buildings based on practical planning issues.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.115-124
• /
• 2014

This study has carried out scanning tests in order to figure out the features of scanning search by sex of space users, with the result of which the validity of data has been estimated. In this research, the scanning patterns were set up for verifying the typology of scanning paths and then the reason for determining scanning paths and the validity of estimation method were reviewed. Since the observation features depends on sex, the analysis of visual activities for acquiring any information in a space will reveal the intention and purpose of space users. The findings by analyzing the features of scanning pattern by sex which were found at the determination of scanning patterns can be defined as the followings. First, for estimating the process of space-information search, the movement distance at each point of continuative-observation data from the angle of eye-movement has been extracted, on the ground of which the fixation and movement of eye have been defined for the establishment of scanning-cut characteristics. Second, the scanning times were estimated for the extraction of effective observation data that would be used for comparative analysis, which showed that men had more data (3,398.2/64.4%) than women (2,998.2/55.6%). This enables the acknowledgment that the scanning cut of men was relatively less, which indicates that men will acquire more information on space than women in the process of observing any space. Third, men's scanning times (58.0 times/2.02 seconds) were less than those of women (71.9 times/1.39 seconds) while the scanning time of the former was longer than that of the latter, which shows the feature that it takes longer for men than women in scanning while the scanning times of the former is less than those of the latter. Fourth, the observation features can be determined that the combination of this result with the predominance character by sex for a general viewpoint to be employed indicates that while men employ mixed-scanning for observation activities to acquire space-information spending for longer time, women, by concentrated-scanning, focus on a single point for shorter time or stay at one location for a considerably long time for space-information acquirement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
• /
• 1995.09a
• /
• pp.370-380
• /
• 1995

선형계획법의 해법으로 최근에는 내부점기법(Interior Point Method)가 관심 을 끌고 있다. 이 내부점 기법은 계산복잡도 뿐만 아니라 수행속도면에서도 우수한 결과를 보이고 있다. 이 방법은 매 회 대칭양정치(Symmetric Positive Definite)인 선형시스템을 풀어야 하는데 이 과정이 전체 내부점 수 행시간의 80-90%를 차지한다. 따라서 내부점 기법의 수행속도는 대칭양정치 인 선형시스템을 효율적으로 푸는 방법에 달려 있다. 대칭양정치인 선형시스 템을 풀기 위해서는 상하분해를 이용하게 되는 데 가우스소거를 이용해서 상하 분해를 하는 경우 매 단계에서 행렬의 모든 요소를 가지고 있을 필요 가 없다. 행렬의 모든 요소에 대한 정보를 동시에 필요로 하지 않는다. 즉, 현 단계에서 가우스소거와 관련된 열들에 대한 정보만 있으면 상하 분해가 가능하고 이러한 개념을 이용한 방법이 프런탈방법이다. 프런탈 방법은 대형 선형계획 문제를 풀기에 유리하다는 장점이 있다. 이러한 프런탈 방법을 확 장해서 동시에 여러 개의 프런탈을 계산하는 방법이 멀티프런탈방법이다. 이 방법은 알고리듬 자체가 병렬처리에 적합하기 때문에 병렬처리와 관련해서 도 많은 연구가 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 삭제나무(Elimination Tree)를 이용한 프런탈 방법과 프런탈방법에 슈퍼노드의 개념을 도입한 슈퍼노들 프 런탈방법등에 대해서 이제까지의 연구 현황을 알아보고 프런탈방법에 적합 하고 효율적인 자료 구조와 멀티프런탈 방법에 적용 가능한 병렬알고리듬에 대하여 연구하고자 한다. 본 연구결과 기대효과로는 프런탈 방법에 적합하고 효율적인 자료 구조와 멀티프런탈 방법에 적용 가능한 병렬알고리듬을 개발 함으로써 내부점 선형계획법의 수행속도의 개선에 도움이 될 것이다.성요소들을 제시하였다.용자 만족도가 보다 높은 것으 로 나타났다. 할 수 있는 효율적인 distributed system를 개발하는 것을 제시하였다. 본 논문은 데이타베이스론의 입장에서 아직 정립되어 있지 않은 분산 환경하에서의 관계형 데이타베이스의 데이타관리의 분류체계를 나름대로 정립하였다는데 그 의의가 있다. 또한 이것의 응용은 현재 분산데이타베이스 구축에 있어 나타나는 기술적인 문제점들을 어느정도 보완할 수 있다는 점에서 그 중요성이 있다.ence of a small(IxEpc),hot(Tex> SOK) core which contains two tempegatlue peaks at -15" east and north of MDS. The column density of HCaN is (1-3):n1014cm-2. Column density at distant position from MD5 is larger than that in the (:entral region. We have deduced that this hot-core has a mass of 10sR1 which i:s about an order of magnitude larger those obtained by previous studies.previous studies.업순서들의 상관관계를 고려하여 보다 개선된 해를 구하기 위한 연구가 요구된다. 또한, 준비작업비용을 발생시키는 작업장의 작업순서결정에 대해서도 연구를 행하여, 보완작업비용과 준비비용을 고려한 GMMAL 작업순서문제를 해결하기 위한 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이다.로 이루어 져야 할 것이다.태를 보다 효율적으로 증진시킬 수 있는 대안이 마련되어져야 한다고 사료된다.$\ulcorner$순응$\lrcorner$<

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.248-252
• /
• 2022

The environment refers to what is surrounded by something during human life. This environment is related to the way humans live, and presents various problems on how to perceive the surrounding environment and how the behaviors that constitute the environment support the elements necessary for human life. Humans have an interest in the supportability of the environment as the interrelationship increases as humans perceive and understand the environment and accept the factors supported by the environment. In space, human movement starts from one space to the next and exchanges stimuli and reactions with the environment until reaching a target point. These human movements start with subjective judgment and during gait movement, the spatial environment surrounding humans becomes a collection of information necessary for humans and gives stimulation. will do. In this process, in particular, humans move along the movement path through movement in space and go through displacement perception and psychological changes, and recognize a series of spatial continuity. An image of thinking is formed[1]. In this process, spatial experience is perceived through the process of filtering by the senses in the real space, and the result of cognition is added through the process of subjective change accompanied by memory and knowledge, resulting in human movement. As such, the spatial search behavior begins with a series of perceptual and cognitive behaviors that arise in the process of human beings trying to read meaning from objects in the environment. Here, cognition includes the psychological process of sorting out and judging what the information is in the process of reading the meaning of the external environment, conditions, and material composition, and perception is the process of accepting information as the first step. It can be said to be the cognitive ability to read the meaning of the environment given to humans. Therefore, if we can grasp the perception of space while moving and human behavior as a response to perception, it will be possible to predict how to grasp it from a human point of view in a space that does not exist. Modern people have the theme of reminiscing dog-friendly hotels for the healing of petloss syndrome, and this thesis attempts to approach the life of companions.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2014

Recently, there have been increasing attempts to pursue and express feelings such as sensibilities, emotions, and impressiveness in commercial spaces. One of such methods is to apply 'storytelling' to space designs. Applicability of storytelling to a space suggests that the contents of a space can be expressed through various mediums. Portraying events and situations through a single time continuity of a story is referred to as 'narrative'. The movement of users and sequence of contents are determined by a narrative. It provides different storytelling and a sense of place to each space through various roles, such as wide association, engraving, and image formation. A narrative can lead users to engage in different perceptions and behaviors even in spaces with the same content. Thus, this study is intended to examine the impact of space marketing in line with design narratives, assuming that narratives of commercial space designs will influence the formation of brand identity. The research methods are as follows. First, the definition of narratives in space design was established by examining narrative architectures. Second, design analysis tools for commercial spaces were established from the perspective of narratives through preceding studies. Third, the design narratives of different shops under the same brand were comparatively analyzed through a case study. To carry out a case study, a commercial space of 'O'sulloc' was selected, and its brand identity was studied from the narrative standpoint. The case study involved interior designs of 7 road shops of 'O'sulloc.' Among the 7 road shops, two of them with the biggest difference in design narratives were selected, and an observation survey was done on the users as a second analysis. Through the observation survey, actual design narrative experience was analyzed in 4 steps of introduction, development, turn, and conclusion. The findings are as follows. The design method of each shop varied, and different design elements were emphasized. Among various elements, the ones that reflect the brand identity of 'O'sulloc' the best were logo, product, and shape. During the process of narratives, the characteristics of each shop and user recognition and behavior varied depending on the degree of emphasis on a particular element. It suggests that space design narratives can influence the formation of brand identity. This study provides ideal directions of developing space designs necessary for forming brand identity from the standpoint of Korean traditional culture modernization. Future studies could discuss the economic feasibility of such designs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.8
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2020

Air ducts installed for ventilation inside buildings accumulate contaminants during their service life. Robots are installed to clean the air duct at low cost, but they are still not fully automated and depend on manpower. In this study, an intersection detection algorithm for autonomous driving was applied to an air duct cleaning robot. Autonomous driving of the robot was achieved by calculating the distance and angle between the extracted point and the center point through the intersection detection algorithm from the camera image mounted on the robot. The training data consisted of CAD images of the duct interior as well as the cross-point coordinates and angles between the two boundary lines. The deep learning-based CNN model was applied as a detection algorithm. For training, the cross-point coordinates were obtained from CAD images. The accuracy was determined based on the differences in the actual and predicted areas and distances. A cleaning robot prototype was designed, consisting of a frame, a Raspberry Pi computer, a control unit and a drive unit. The algorithm was validated by video imagery of the robot in operation. The algorithm can be applied to vehicles operating in similar environments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2010

This study aims to propose a method that shall rapidly acquire 3D information of the fast and frequently changing city areas by using the images taken by the UAV photogrammetric method, and to develop the process of the acquired data. For this study's proposed UAV photogrammetric method, low-cost UAV and non-metric digital camera were used. The elements of interior orientation were acquired through camera calibration. The artificial 3D model of the artificial structures was constructed using the image data photographed at the target area and the results of the ground control point survey. The digital surface model was created for areas that were changed due to a number of civil works. This study also analyzes the proposed method's application possibility by comparing a 1/1,000 scale digital map and the results of the ground control point survey. Through the above studies, the possibilities of constructing a 3D virtual city model renewal of 3D GIS database, abstraction of changed information in geographic features and on-demand updating of the digital map were suggested.