• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2011

Visitors' behaviors within an exhibition space are a substantial means to grant spatial arrangement and validity of exhibits. Therefore, the study analyzed visitors' behaviors in the viewpoint of attraction power and holding power of exhibits on the basis of exhibition layout of real science museums. Through the analysis, the study grasped efficiency of analysis index and exhibition environment elements which might have an effect on planning the exhibition space of a large-scale museum and producing detailed ranges of exhibition. The main indicators used are: 1. Attraction power: it indicates the relative incidence of people who have stopped in front of an object/exhibit during the exhibition tour. It is calculated by dividing the number of people who stop by the total number of people who have visited the museum or gallery. 2. Holding power: it measures the average time spent in front of an information/communication element. It is calculated by dividing the average time of stay by the time "necessary" to read an element. As a result, It was expected that attraction power and holding power of exhibit would be increased when moving line of seeing was inductive. However, when the traffic movements of seeing was inductive, repetitive seeing of exhibit was almost never realized and visitors had a strong tendency which viewed on their way of moving without viewing on their way of stopping. On the other hand, it may mean that density of exhibit is low or size of exhibition space is small that most of exhibits within exhibition space have high attraction power and holding power. As Gwacheon National Science Museum, when a museum is composed of many large-scale exhibit halls, it should be formed by separating the main moving line of seeing from the optional moving line of seeing through visitors' natural choice of exhibit and proper inducement of moving line of seeing. In such structure, exhibition environment of the main moving line has an effect on attraction of exhibit and the use of optional moving line acts as a factor to increase attraction. In addition, it is thought that attribute of exhibit and proper arrangement of rest space within exhibition space will increase holding power of exhibit.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2014

Dwelling connotes characteristics like social and cultural and technical climatic conditions, lifestyles and demands of regions, and especially, apartment, as one of dwelling types, shows various aspects of modern society. With the economic development centering on large cities, apartments have been established as universal housing forms in Seoul and Shanghai. The deepening of economic development in cities has increased small households consisting of one or two persons by affecting the population and household structure, and they've become information consumer groups. This has also influenced the size of apartment and increased the demand for small-sized housing. If the floor area is small, it is possible to use space widely according to the plan composition, so there is a need for floor planning to understand natural environment, physical environment and residents.This study compared and analyzed plan compositions of small-sized apartments which have been parceled out for the recent three years in Seoul and Shanghai. This study aims to understand housing cultures and users in the two countries depending on natural environments, living habits and spatial functions by analyzing common points and differences of public spaces like living room, dining room and kitchen, and private spaces like bedroom which have absolute effects on room arrangement and traffic line. The study results are as follows. From the perspective of natural environments, in Seoul, two-sided open cross-ventilation structure where is favorable to lighting and ventilation, occupied the biggest proportion of public space, while in Shanghai, most public spaces had lighting and ventilation structures through windows in each room. In Seoul, 3R type occupied the largest proportion of private space(87.7%), and privacy was maintained and space scale was adjusted using spaces with diverse functions such as bathroom in the couple bedroom, dress room and powder room and variable walls. But 2R type occupied the largest proportion of private space(60.2%) in Shanghai, and they emphasized private space and privacy of each room depending on major living habits. In conclusion, this study for comparing and analyzing common points and differences of small-sized apartment plan compositions in Seoul and Shanghai will provide proper guidelines for small-sized apartments to be built in Seoul and Shanghai in the future, if strong points and weak points of plan compositions in the two countries will be additionally analyzed and remedied.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2013

This study represents something in common and differences of organic characteristics between early modern architecture and contemporary architecture analysing F. L. Wright's Robie House and Toyo Ito's Sendai Mediatheque. A natural organic body cannot be separated from the natural environment, and each part of an architecture has each own property and forms a whole at the same time. That is a basic concept of organic architecture, and a framework for analysis is set up based on it. The followings are similarities and differences of organic concept and interpretation between Wright's Robie House and Ito's Sendai Mediatheque First, Wright' Robie house unites with the natural surrounding, using a physically close connection to the ground. In contract, Ito's Mediatheque shows characteristics of noncentural and fluidic space that are metaphorically reflecting tangible and intangible of factors in modern city, where there is an ambiguous physical boundary between architecture and urban environment. Next, floors, walls and ceilings of Wright's housing as for basic building blocks are physically separated and at the same time form formative unity from the point of view of a physical and structural organic body. And continuous flow of faces of separated walls form an organism united with the nature from a physical aspect. On the contrary to this, there is an no-boudary and floating organic architecture of integrated structure from ambiguous setting of relation between architecture and urban space in Ito's architecture. Especially, Mediatheque shows semantic integration of floating urban environmental factors through horizontal and vertical integration of horizontal slabs, vertical pipes, and skins. Last, horizontal and vertical factors of Wright' Housing is appreciated as an basic experienced structure in terms of spacial perception and fluidic inner spaces in Wright's housing is completed with a series of spatial experiences in a visual sense. On the other hand, no-boundary and floating space of Ito's architecture accept user's physical and virtual body. Especially, there is an integration transcending beyond time and space, accepting an imaginary body and events with the course of time at Ito's Mediatheque.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.327-337
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• 2017

본 연구는 재활의료 기관의 공간 환경에 대한 환자의 만족도를 조사하여, 환자들의 만족도가 미흡한 영역을 파악하는데 목적이 있으며, 궁극적으로 환자 중심의 재활의료 공간 환경 실현에 기여하고자 한다. 대전지역 6개 종합병원 및 전문재활기관의 물리치료실에서 치료를 받는 308명의 환자들을 대상으로 설문 조사를 시행하였다. 공간 환경 만족도를 7개 구성 부문요소로 분류하였고, 환자의 특성에 따라 비교 분석하기 위해 t-검정과 ANOVA를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 층간 이동성에서 상대적으로 가장 낮은 만족도를 보였고 입원환자에게 있어서 특히 그러했다. 치료실이 위치한 층은 두 번째로 낮은 만족도를 보였다. 쾌적성은 상대적으로 만족도가 높은 구성 부문요소이긴 했으나, 신경계환자의 경우 근골격계 환자보다 덜 만족하였다. 20대 환자가 60대에 비해 길 찾기에서 낮은 만족도를 나타냈고 실내디자인에 있어서는 50대가 70대에 비해 상대적 만족도가 떨어졌다. 이러한 조사결과와 분석은 향후에 환자들이 더 만족할 수 있도록 재활기관의 공간 환경디자인을 개선해가는 데에 있어서 근거기반으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2017

토양, 암석, 지하수로부터 실내에 유입되는 라돈은 인간에게 큰 위해를 끼치는 방사능 가스이다. 라돈 가스의 위해성을 확인하기 위해 실내 라돈 농도를 측정해 오고 있는데, 추가적인 분석 수행을 위해서는 신뢰성 높은 분포도 작성이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 비대칭 분포를 나타내는 라돈 농도의 공간 분포도 작성을 위해 단변량 크리깅 기법들의 비교를 목적으로 정규 크리깅, 비선형 자료 변환 기반의 로그 정규 크리깅, 다중 가우시안 크리깅과 지시자 크리깅의 예측 능력을 비교하였다. 예측 능력을 비교 분석하기 위해 잭나이프 방법을 이용하여 검증을 수행하였으며, 자료 구간별 오차와 샘플링 밀도의 차이에 따른 오차도 추가적으로 분석하였다. 남한 지역을 대상으로 한 사례 연구 결과에서 전반적으로 정규 크리깅에 비해 비선형 자료 변환 기반 크리깅 기법들이 좋은 예측 능력을 보였으며, 비선형 자료 변환 기반 크리깅은 로그 정규 크리깅, 다중 가우시안 크리깅 순으로 좋게 나타났다. 그러나 공간 패턴과 높은 값의 재생산을 고려할 때, 높은 값의 예측 능력은 정규 크리깅이 가장 우수하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 비대칭 분포 자료의 공간 예측을 위한 크리깅 기법의 선정에 유용하게 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.351-362
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• 2006

현대 대도심 지하철은 밀폐된 공간으로 노선에 따라 다수의 역이 연결되어 있어 길찾기의 문제의 발생 빈도가 높은 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 이용자가 자신의 위치를 인지할 수 있도록 장소적 정보를 최대한 표현하는 시각적 장소지시단서(visual cue)가 제공되어야 할 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 본 연구는 대중교통수단으로서의 지하철 사용이 늘어감에 따라 길찾기 관련 문제들에 대한 관심이 증가하는 상황에서 서울, 동경, 타이페이 주요 지하철역의 장소지시적 단서로서 역할하는 환경디자인 사례 및 사용된 디자인 기법을 조사 분석함으로써 이용자를 위한 길찾기 지원 디자인 가이드라인 도출에 기여하는 목적을 가진다. 이론연구 결과, 시각적 장소지시단서의 유형으로 유도표식, 구역차별화, 랜드마크의 방법이 도출되었고 사례조사를 통하여 유도표식에서 노선색선의 상하배열, 양면배열, 변형 그래픽 기법이, 구역차별화에서는 벽면과 바닥패턴, 기둥과, 벽면의 강조색, 마감 재료 사용에 의한 차별화 기법이, 그리고 랜드마크에서는 수퍼그래픽, 상징물, 예술장식, 장식조명 등에 의한 기법들이 도출되었다. 서울 조사대상역의 경우, 연결노선의 색을 이용한 유도 표식이 가장 적극적으로 사용되고 있었으며 바닥패턴이나 강조색을 이용한 벽면과 기둥에 의한 구역차별화도 적극 도입하고 있었다. 또한 호돌이, 훈민정음과 같은 장소의 이해를 돕는 랜드마크적 요소도 적극 활용되고 있었다. 동경 조사대상역의 경우, 유도표식에 의존하기 보다는 구역 차별화의 방법을 적극 활용하는 것으로 나타났는데 이는 공간구조와 지시내용의 복잡성 때문인 것으로 해석된다. 타이페이시 조사대상역의 경우, 전반적으로 단순하며 통일된 이미지로서 장소지시는 최소한의 표식선이나 랜드마크에 의존하고 있었다. 특히 구역차별화의 사례가 미약하였는데 이는 대부분 역이 광장형의 오픈 스페이스로서 개방된 시야가 확보되기 때문인 것으로 해석된다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 다양한 검증을 통하여 보다 정확한 길찾기 지원적 측면의 환경디자인 가이드라인 제시로 이어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2013

The number of visitors to historic sites and museums in Korea has been on a rapid decrease and in order to search for creative ways to work on the problem, the study proposed a theme park-typed museum with cultural heritage applied and reviewed spatial strategies for such theme park-typed museums. Applied methods of research of this study are as follows. First, in order to understand definitions and current situations of cultural heritage use and theme park-typed museums, the study went thoroughly over all sorts of literature and reports as well as findings of advance researches on how to make a use of cultural heritage. Based on the results of the investigations, the study determined characteristics of the theme park-typed museums with cultural heritage applied which the study was proposing and the characteristics were categorized by type. Considering those characteristics and types gained in the study, the study looked for cultural heritage-based theme parks and museums in the world which were good enough to be used as research subjects in the study from the aspects of profitability and level of awareness. The study examined those theme parks and museums in the world and in the end, it found out ways to adopt the findings to the situations in Korea and discussed expecting effects as well. As to the characteristics of the theme park-typed museums with cultural heritage applied, the study divided those characteristics into mutual cooperation, location, communicability, authenticity, maintainability, education, durability, narrativity, undailiness, interactivity and leisure. The types were categorized into ride, environment direction, cartoon character and souvenir by attraction pattern. When cultural heritage is used actively, it would improve competitiveness of historic cultural sites and museums in return, making people realize the iterative structure of excavation, conservation, maintenance and use of cultural heritage. That would create many kinds of added values, re-discovering culture of the country. At the same time, it would also create a new value of culture as well. Now, it is important for us to do harder with researches on how to evolve museums and exhibition spaces. Considering that, the study is believed to make a contribution to revival of historic sites and museums in Korea but also establishment of scientific strategies.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.174-182
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• 2011

This study analyzed visitors' behaviors in the viewpoint of Attraction Power and Holding Power of exhibits on the basis of exhibition layout of real science museums. Through the analysis, the study grasped efficiency of analysis index and exhibition environment elements which might have an effect on planning the exhibition space of a large-scale museum and producing detailed ranges of exhibition. The main indicators used are: 1. Attraction Power: it indicates the relative incidence of people who have stopped in front of an object/exhibit during the exhibition tour. It is calculated by dividing the number of people who stop by the total number of people who have visited the museum or gallery. 2. Holding Power: it measures the average time spent in front of an information/communication element. It is calculated by dividing the average time of stay by the time "necessary" to read an element. As a result of analyzing the exhibition areas of National Science Museum (Daejeon) and National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation(Tokyo), the Holding Power was found to be relatively lower than the Attracting Power. This means that 3.5 out of 10 visitors stop in front of the exhibit in 6 exhibition areas, and among these, only 1/10 is used when compared to the user required time of the exhibits. In other words, like the method of deriving an analysis index, the stage of viewing can be categorized as Attracting Power and Holding Power, and because the stage from Attracting Power to the stage of Holding Power are strongly linked, it shows that it is not easy to display a meaningful result. Except, the general distribution of Attracting Power was shown to be high from the entrance area of the exhibition hall based on the standard of viewing sequence. Also, the Holding Power became sequentially lower according to the sequence of exhibition viewing and displayed a meaningful interrelationship with the distribution ratio of island exhibits. In the case of island exhibition method, it is less influenced by the movement flow of visitors when compared to the wall type method of exhibition and can be understood as an exhibition method that provides spatial chances enabling stopping and viewing.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.224-232
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• 2012

Although evolution of construction materials brought about development of modern architecture, they caused destruction of the environment and pollution. This problem is not a new one in terms of ecological esthetics and materials of sustainable architecture in light of the Eastern view of nature and this idea became a background of this study. The basic concept is to try to find out their characteristics from a perspective of ecological esthetics in relation to traditional building materials that nature, architecture, and humans coexist and live with each other to balance. Based on ecological esthetics and precedent studies on materials of traditional architecture, we investigated connections, expressive methods and characteristics in traditional residential construction space. This attempt has meanings in that it can propose a new framework of forming various viewpoints and spatial perceptions in relation to esthetics and traditional construction materials. The current study examined the characteristics by dividing them into tangible and intangible elements based on expressive features of elements of nature. The characteristics found by this process are not simply notion of physical materials, but plays a key role aesthetically and ecologically. Nature and materials take circulation of the law of nature, regulate energy, increase efficiency and play a major role in an economic way. Nature in itself becomes natural alternative energy, and plays its role in an invisible fashion. It examined how expressive characteristics of construction materials are reflected through analyzing residential space and Korean traditional garden having relationships with Eastern viewpoint of nature in relation to Korean traditional construction materials from a perspective of ecological esthetics. Findings of the above study indicate that expressive characteristics of Korean traditional construction materials from a perspective of ecological esthetics are that nature, space, humans coexist and live together and they will provide a clue to an alternative to solve ecological and environmental problems modern society will have in the future. Through this process, it provided a possibility that traditional space and materials can be succeeded in creative and new ways, and it found out the way for nature, space, and humans to coexist and a possibility of ecological esthetics. It addition, it will provide a key base as an alternative of sustainable design of the future.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2020

This study derives the characteristics of the private external space planning in multi-family housing through the analysis of the good case built after 2000 in Europe. First, the cases were categorized into block or block perimeter, linear and point type to examine the relationship between the type of building in urban context and the location of private external space. By block or block perimeter and linear type, private external spaces are planned in the inner courtyards or open space between buildings used as common space for residents, inducing communications between neighbors. And the direction of private external space depends on the arrangement of the building mass in urban context. In the classification as point type, there are many cases, where private external spaces are arranged in all directions, connected almost all interior spaces. Second, based on the above results, the planned characteristics of the private external space are derived by dividing it into three categories: intermediated space between inside and outside, intermediate space between private and public /individual and collective space and the identity of the intermediate space. (1) In most cases, direction, size of enclosed area and location of private extern space is designed to fit the surrounding context, so residents can perceive as much of the assets of the surrounding environment as possible, and it can be used as an extended area of living space. In another cases, it is divided into various sub-areas to experience the spatial transition from inside to outside or vice versa. 2) The private external space, which is placed in a courtyard or in a collective open space, is partially enclosed and blocked, allowing interaction with the neighbors without pressure. Along the street, they are designed to allow residents to experience the vitality of the city and to be formative element of the facade, which could confidently reveal the lifestyle and taste of residents. 3) By some of point types, which facade is three-demensional layer as a habitable external space, the private external space is very flexible for use. This intermediate space is composed of diverse spaces for various needs, or it has generous size with positional conditions connected with all interior spaces to be used multi-functional.