• ETRI Journal
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 2013

For real-time interactive multimedia operations, such as video uploading, video play, fast-forward, and fast-rewind, solid state disk (SSD)-based storage systems for video streaming servers are becoming more important. Random access rates in storage systems increase significantly with the number of users; it is thus difficult to simultaneously serve many users with HDD-based storage systems, which have low random access performance. Because there is no mechanical operation in NAND flash-based SSDs, they outperform HDDs in terms of flexible random access operation. In addition, due to the multichannel architecture of SSDs, they perform similarly to HDDs in terms of sequential access. In this paper, we propose a new SSD-based storage system for interactive media servers. Based on the proposed method, it is possible to maximize the channel utilization of the SSD's multichannel architecture. Accordingly, we can improve the performance of SSD-based storage systems for interactive media operations.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.253-263
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• 2014

In the near future, traditional narrow and fixed viewpoint video services will be replaced by high-quality panorama video services. This paper proposes a visual-attention-aware progressive region of interest (RoI) trick mode streaming service (VA-PRTS) that prioritizes video data to transmit according to the visual attention and transmits prioritized video data progressively. VA-PRTS enables the receiver to speed up the time to display without degrading the perceptual quality. For the proposed VA-PRTS, this paper defines a cutoff visual attention metric algorithm to determine the quality of the encoded video slice based on the capability of visual attention and the progressive streaming method based on the priority of RoI video data. Compared to conventional methods, VA-PRTS increases the bitrate saving by over 57% and decreases the interactive delay by over 66%, while maintaining a level of perceptual video quality. The experiment results show that the proposed VA-PRTS improves the quality of the viewer experience for interactive panoramic video streaming services. The development results show that the VA-PRTS has highly practical real-field feasibility.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.59-76
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• 2014

The revolution of smart media such as smart phone, smart TV and tablets has brought easiness for people to get contents and related information anywhere and anytime. The characteristics of the smart media have changed user behavior for watching the contents from passive attitude into active one. Video is a kind of multimedia resources and widely used to provide information effectively. People not only watch video contents, but also search for related information to specific objects appeared in the contents. However, people have to use extra views or devices to find the information because the existing video contents provide no information through the contents. Therefore, the interaction between user and media is becoming a major concern. The demand for direct interaction and instant information is much increasing. Digital media environment is no longer expected to serve as a one-way information service, which requires user to search manually on the internet finding information they need. To solve the current inconvenience, an interactive service is needed to provide the information exchange function between people and video contents, or between people themselves. Recently, many researchers have recognized the importance of the requirements for interactive services, but only few services provide interactive video within restricted functionality. Only cooking domain is chosen for an interactive cooking video query service in this research. Cooking is receiving lots of people attention continuously. By using smart media devices, user can easily watch a cooking video. One-way information nature of cooking video does not allow to interactively getting more information about the certain contents, although due to the characteristics of videos, cooking videos provide various information such as cooking scenes and explanation for each recipe step. Cooking video indeed attracts academic researches to study and solve several problems related to cooking. However, just few studies focused on interactive services in cooking video and they still not sufficient to provide the interaction with users. In this paper, an interactive cooking video query service system with linked data to provide the interaction functionalities to users. A linked recipe schema is used to handle the linked data. The linked data approach is applied to construct queries in systematic manner when user interacts with cooking videos. We add some classes, data properties, and relations to the linked recipe schema because the current version of the schema is not enough to serve user interaction. A web crawler extracts recipe information from allrecipes.com. All extracted recipe information is transformed into ontology instances by using developed instance generator. To provide a query function, hundreds of questions in cooking video web sites such as BBC food, Foodista, Fine cooking are investigated and analyzed. After the analysis of the investigated questions, we summary the questions into four categories by question generalization. For the question generalization, the questions are clustered in eleven questions. The proposed system provides an environment associating UI (User Interface) and UX (User Experience) that allow user to watch cooking videos while obtaining the necessary additional information using extra information layer. User can use the proposed interactive cooking video system at both PC and mobile environments because responsive web design is applied for the proposed system. In addition, the proposed system enables the interaction between user and video in various smart media devices by employing linked data to provide information matching with the current context. Two methods are used to evaluate the proposed system. First, through a questionnaire-based method, computer system usability is measured by comparing the proposed system with the existing web site. Second, the answer accuracy for user interaction is measured to inspect to-be-offered information. The experimental results show that the proposed system receives a favorable evaluation and provides accurate answers for user interaction.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.8B no.5
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• pp.507-514
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• 2001

In VOD(Video-on-Demand) system, the real-time interactive service is one of the most important factor to determine the degree of QoS(Quality of Service). In this paper, we propose the head-end system consisted of switching agent and head-end node, which needs to receive the only video stream for multiple users which have requested the same video, to serve the unlimited interactive service which has no service delay and block. The unlimited VCR services can be served by storing the video stream with buffer at client and head-end node. And the proposed algorithm presents the method to enhance the efficiency by buffer, offer the true interactive VOD services to users because all of service requested by clients are processed immediately. In this paper, we implemented the VOD system which has the VCR functions without service delay and block. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm has better performance in the number of service request and time interval.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.17-19
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• 2007

This paper describe an interactive video object segmentation tool which can be used to generate MPEG-4 video object planes for multimedia broadcasting and enables content based functionalities. In order to apply these functionalities, each frame of video sequence should be represented in terms of video objects. Semiautomatic segmentation can be thought of as a user-assisted segmentation technique. A user can initially mark objects of interest around the real object boundaries. Then the user-guided and selected objects are continuously separated from the unselected areas though time evolution in the image sequences. We proposed method shows very promising result and this encourages the development of object based video editing system.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2017

In this paper, a platform was proposed that can service the streaming of location based real-time video-clip for smart-travel-services to work with PPL(Product Placement). The location information of drama like as LTE GPS and Beacon were used to provide the drama video with the PUSH service. And PPL DB with the attributes like as picture, video, music and URI(Uniform resource Identifier) was designed. As a result, this platform could provide the location based video streaming service that could replace the original PPL properties, color or shape, with the other properties by the interactive tagging the PPL DB in drama scenes. The proposed platform could provide the location based real-time video streaming service that can alter the PPL properties with the request of service provider.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.545-552
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• 2017

Because of the explosive growth of mobile devices and development of network technologies, HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) adaptive streaming has become a new trend in video delivery to provide efficient multimedia streaming services. As interest in personalized broadcasting grows, the study of interactive multimedia has been actively pursued. The interactive multimedia service is a method of playing media according to a scenario selected by the user. Providing the interactive multimedia service with the existing HTTP adaptive streaming causes switching delay and buffer underflow according to the point in time when the user selects the scenario while the client streams the interactive multimedia and therefore decreases the user QoE (Quality of Experience). In this paper, we propose an adaptive streaming scheme for interactive multimedia service in HTTP adaptive streaming to provide seamless playback. We design the architecture and prefetching scheme for interactive multimedia streaming.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.2050-2059
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• 2000

In a video-on-Demand(VOD) service, a server has to return to he normal playback quickly at a certain new frame position after interactive operations such as jump or last playback. In this paper, we propose an efficient scheme to write a transmission schedule for a playback restart of a video stream at a new frame position after interactive operations. The proposed scheme is based on convergence characteristics, that is transmission schedules with different playback startup frame position in a video stream meet each other at some frame position. The scheme applies a bandwidth smoothing from a new frame position to a convergence position without considering all remaining frames of a video stream. And then the scheme transmits video dta according to the new schedule from the new frame position to the convergence position, and then transmits the remaining video data according to the reference schedule from the convergence position, and then transmits the remaining video data according to the reference schedule from the convergence position to the last frame position. In this paper, we showed that there existed the convergence position corresponding to nay frame position in a video stream through many experiments based on MPEG-1 bit trace data. With the convergence we reduced the computational overhead of a bandwidth smoothing, which was applied to find a new transmission schedule after interactive operations. Also, storage overhead is greatly reduced by storing pre-calculated schedule information up to the convergence position for each I frame position of a video stream with video data off-line. By saving information on a transmission schedule off-line along with the video data and searching the schedule corresponding to the specified restarting frame position, we expect the possibility of normal playback of a video stream with small tolerable playback startup delay.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.209-215
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to suggest the development of interactive services and technologies in the media industry. Through the analysis of domestic two-way broadcasting contents service, this study analyzed platform and services type according to service type of terrestrial broadcasting, SO operator and Telco. Also, by identifying the characteristics of interactive programs(open, interactive, personalized, stereoscopic), this study propose important convergence possibilities of the future providers and development plans through supporting technologies and services for each characteristic. In the case of terrestrial broadcasters, ARS, web sites and mobile apps were mostly provided in both directions, and SO and satellite broadcasting operators were found to provide diversity in interactive service operation using data domain. In the case of IPTV companies, most of them provide interactive services with additional video or information service through adjustment button or app, and cable TV operators had more adjustment data broadcasting than exclusive use data broadcasts. Therefore, domestic interactive broadcasting service type needs convergence type of revenue model needs and needs to be converted into new competitive interactive broadcasting program service environment.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.85-88
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• 2009

Recently "DMB Video-Associated Stereoscopic Data Services" standard has been published by TTA. The standard enables DMB broadcasters to provide 3D or stereoscopic interactive data services based on MPEG-4 BIFS (Binary Format for Scenes). The purpose is to entice viewers to utilize DMB interactive data services more often by providing realistic and protrusive image objects overlaid on top of the main video in the background. This paper provides the background, technical analysis, and in-depth considerations for the standard. Also the results of standard verification are provided including the results of interoperability test with the existing terrestrial DMB receivers.